California’s Groundwater Update 2013 A Compilation of Enhanced Content for California Water Plan Update 2013 April 2015 State of California Natural Resources Agency Department of Water Resources TULARE LAKE HYDROLOGIC REGION Table of Contents Contents Chapter 9. Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region Groundwater Update........................................................ 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 1 Findings, Data Gaps, and Recommendations .......................................................................................... 3 Findings ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Groundwater Supply and Development ............................................................................................ 3 Groundwater Use and Aquifer Conditions ........................................................................................ 3 Groundwater Monitoring Efforts ...................................................................................................... 4 Groundwater Management and Conjunctive Management ............................................................... 5 Data Gaps .............................................................................................................................................. 5 Data Collection and Analysis ............................................................................................................ 5 Basin Assessments ............................................................................................................................ 6 Sustainable Management .................................................................................................................. 6 Recommendations ................................................................................................................................. 6 Groundwater Supply and Development ................................................................................................... 7 Alluvial Aquifers .................................................................................................................................. 8 San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin ........................................................................................... 8 Unconfined to Semi-Confined Aquifers within the San Joaquin Valley .................................... 11 Alluvial Aquifers outside the San Joaquin Valley ...................................................................... 12 Irrigation Pump Performance .......................................................................................................... 14 Land Subsidence and Aquifer Compaction .................................................................................... 16 Fractured-Rock Aquifers .................................................................................................................... 16 Well Infrastructure .............................................................................................................................. 17 CASGEM Basin Prioritization ............................................................................................................ 21 Groundwater Use ................................................................................................................................... 25 2005-2010 Average Annual Groundwater Supply .............................................................................. 25 Change in Annual Groundwater Use .............................................................................................. 30 Groundwater Monitoring Efforts ........................................................................................................... 32 Groundwater-Level Monitoring .......................................................................................................... 32 Groundwater Quality Monitoring ....................................................................................................... 37 Land Subsidence Monitoring .............................................................................................................. 40 California Aqueduct Elevation Surveys .......................................................................................... 40 Borehole Extensometer Monitoring ................................................................................................ 40 USGS InSAR Monitoring ............................................................................................................... 45 Caltrans Highway Elevation Monitoring ........................................................................................ 45 GPS Array Monitoring .................................................................................................................... 45 Aquifer Conditions ................................................................................................................................. 45 Groundwater Occurrence and Movement ........................................................................................... 46 Depth to Groundwater ..................................................................................................................... 47 Groundwater Elevations .................................................................................................................. 49 Groundwater-Level Trends ............................................................................................................. 51 Hydrograph 15S18E30L001M .................................................................................................... 53 Hydrograph 20S23E12A001M ................................................................................................... 53 Hydrograph 26S18E18G001M ................................................................................................... 56 Hydrograph 30S24E02C001M ................................................................................................... 57 Hydrograph 30S27E05D001M ................................................................................................... 57 Change in Groundwater Storage ......................................................................................................... 58 Spring 2005 to Spring 2010 Change in Groundwater in Storage .................................................... 59 i California's Groundwater Update 2013: A Compilation of Enhanced Content for California Water Plan Update 2013 Groundwater Quality .......................................................................................................................... 64 Groundwater Quality at Community Drinking Water Wells .......................................................... 65 Groundwater Quality — GAMA Priority Basin Project ................................................................. 68 Groundwater Quality at Domestic Wells ........................................................................................ 72 Groundwater Quality Protection ..................................................................................................... 73 Groundwater Quality Protection Strategy ................................................................................... 73 Salt and Nutrient Management Plans .......................................................................................... 73 Land Subsidence ................................................................................................................................. 74 California Aqueduct Subsidence ..................................................................................................... 76 Borehole Extensometer Data .......................................................................................................... 77 USGS InSAR Monitoring ............................................................................................................... 78 Caltrans State Route 198 Elevation Monitoring ............................................................................. 78 GPS Array Monitoring .................................................................................................................... 79 Groundwater-Level Monitoring and Subsidence ............................................................................ 80 Groundwater Management ..................................................................................................................... 83 Groundwater Management Plan Inventory ......................................................................................... 84 Groundwater Management Plan Assessment ...................................................................................... 90 Required GWMP Components ....................................................................................................... 90 Basin Management Objectives .................................................................................................... 91 Agency Cooperation ................................................................................................................... 93 Mapping ...................................................................................................................................... 93 Monitoring Protocols .................................................................................................................