6400XT_bro_Update0416_980-06613Rev9_Layout 1 4/11/16 9:56 AM Page 14 LI-6400XT System Photosynthesis, Fluorescence, Respiration 6400XT_bro_Update0416_980-06613Rev9_Layout 1 4/11/16 9:55 AM Page 1 1 LI-6400XT System LI-6400XT - The Innovation Continues The LI-6400XT is LI-COR’s newest pho- Read further to learn some of the rea- Photosynthesis tosynthesis system, which embodies sons the LI-6400XT is the choice of all of the qualities that made the earlier scientists around the world, including: generations a success: portability, ■ Proven technology that places the ruggedness, flexibility, and a high level gas analyzers in the sensor head, of hardware and software integration. to provide rapid response and These early generations of photosyn- eliminate time delays. thesis systems include the LI-6000, ■ An open system design that allows released by LI-COR more than 25 years complete control over environmen- ago. The LI-6200 followed three years tal variables of interest. later, incorporating LI-COR’s own gas analyzer design. The LI-6400 was next ■ A flexible, open source software in line, and quickly became the world language in the LI-6400XT console leader in portable photosynthesis that can be modified to write your measurement systems. own equations or AutoPrograms, Fluorescence providing an unprecedented level But you don’t have to take our word of automation. for it – review the literature to see ■ Powerful networking capability via why the LI-6400/LI-6400XT is the most Ethernet connectivity, providing a referenced photosynthesis system in world of data output, file-sharing, scientific publications, talk to other and training possibilities. scientists who have used one, or talk to one of our knowledgeable Application ■ A variety of leaf chambers and light Scientists to see for yourself why the sources, a leaf chamber fluorometer, LI-6400XT is the undisputed market and soil CO2 flux chamber that are leader. interchangeable with the same LI-6400XT sensor head. ■ Worldwide service, support, and training that ensures your purchase Respiration of the LI-6400XT remains a smart investment for years to come. 6400XT_bro_Update0416_980-06613Rev9_Layout 1 4/11/16 9:55 AM Page 2 Expanded information on the LI-6400XT System is found at www.licor.com/6400XT 2 Proven Technology Analyzers in the Analyzer Sensor Head Operation The LI-6400XT has two absolute CO2 and two Infrared radiation from the absolute H2O non-dispersive infrared analyzers sample analyzer source passes in the sensor head. Mounting the analyzers in into the leaf chamber mixing the sensor head provides a number of advantages volume and is twice reflected over systems which place the analyzers in the 90° by gold mirrors. The mir- console: rors are gold plated to enhance IR reflection LI-6400XT Console 1. Changes in the leaf dynamics are measured in and provide long-term stability. The LI-6400XT system console real time. Because there is no tubing between After being reflected through the leaf chamber combines a data acquisition sys- the leaf chamber and the console, there are no mixing volume where IR absorption occurs, in- tem with a high-speed computer time delays confounding effects of changes in frared radiation passes through a chopping filter for dedicated data logging and environmental driving variables such as light, wheel and into the sample analyzer detector. computations. High speed analog- CO2 mole fraction, etc. The chopping filter wheel has four filters that to-digital converters support fast 2. CO2 and H2O concentrations are controlled pass light in absorption and optical reference response applications. at the leaf suface, because the fast response wavelengths for CO and H O. These filters 2 2 The backlit 8 x 40-character IRGAs are built into the mixing volume of provide excellent rejection of IR radiation out- graphical display allows any the leaf curvette. This is important because, side the wavelengths of interest, eliminating the 12 experimental variables to be for example, it allows you to easily make effects of other IR absorbing gases. photosynthesis comparisons across treatments displayed at once. All computed The reference analyzer measures incoming gas with widely differing rates, at a constant CO2 variables are calculated and concentrations and is located directly below the concentration, thus avoiding biases in your displayed in real time. The full sample analyzer. The sample and reference ana- conclusions. keyboard is membrane sealed lyzers can be matched at any time, either manu- 3. CO and H O concentrations are continu- and designed to be used under 2 2 ally or automatically, without altering conditions ously measured at both reference and sample in the leaf chamber. harsh field conditions. cells, eliminating flow swapping, which pro- vides fast response times, minimizes noise and The sample analyzer detector, reference analyzer drift, and gives more accurate photosynthesis detector, and chopping filter wheel are sealed in measurements. a housing that is continuously purged of CO2 4. Rapid, automatic control of chamber humid- and water vapor to prevent interference. ity is possible, even when the transpiration Through years of experience, the LI-6400XT rate is changing. analyzer and sensor head have proven to be 5. Absence of tubing between the chamber and robust and reliable, even in the most rigorous - the analyzers eliminates equilibration times field conditions. due to water vapor sorption on the tubing walls. Mixing Fan Powering the Leaf Chamber LI-6400XT The LI-6400XT system is powered CO2 and H20 Sample Optical Path Mixing Volume by 12VDC batteries stored in the console. Four batteries and a Chopper housing with sample (upper) battery charger are included with and reference (lower) detectors the system, providing 4-8 hours of operation. The optional 6400-70 E L +CH +E C GA M ONST O E R ONST M C CH O E + AC Adapter fits in one of the CO2 & H20 Reference Optical Path Thermocouple Assembly battery compartments. 6400XT_bro_Update0416_980-06613Rev9_Layout 1 4/11/16 9:55 AM Page 3 3 LI-6400XT System Controlling the Environment The LI-6400XT open system design the console, or use AutoPrograms to make meas- allows automatic, independent control urements at a series of concentrations. of leaf chamber CO , H O, tempera- 2 2 12g cartridges provide up to 8 hours of opera- ture, and light. tion. The cartridges are accessible outside the instrument, making them easy to change. CO2 Control (optional) The 6400-01 CO2 Injector System H O Control consists of an electronic controller, 2 The LI-6400XT controls chamber humidity a CO Source Assembly that uses 2 by automatically varying the flow rate to readily-available cartridges for portable null-balance at the chamber humidity level you operation, and a CO tank fitting for 2 specify in software; the input flow rate can also greenhouse or laboratory operation. be held constant. Flow rate is controlled by All parts integrate directly into the pump speed in the standard system. With the standard console with no external 6400-01 CO Injector System, pump speed batteries or control modules. 2 is constant and flow rate to the chamber is The CO2 Injector System provides controlled by redirecting excess flow. This a constant CO2 input from 50 to “shunt regulation” allows flow to be controlled -1 2000 µmol mol . CO2 is controlled smoothly and quickly across a broad range. by delivering a precisely controlled Whether the controller in the 6400-01 is used pure CO stream into air that is 2 or not, air supplied to the chamber may be dry CO -free. The CO concentration can 2 2 or moist. Supplying the chamber with moist air be controlled at the incoming air allows higher flow rates to be used to balance stream or at the leaf surface to within low transpiration rates, which provides more 1 ppm of a target value. stable control and more accurate measurements. The 6400-01 facilitates measurements Inaccuracies and time delays due to water sorp- at elevated CO2 concentrations and tion on the air lines between the console and easy generation of CO2 response the sensor head are eliminated by measuring the curves. The CO2 injector is under reference and sample water vapor concentrations complete software control, allowing in the sensor head. you to manually set CO2 levels from LI-6400XT Console With 6400-01 CO2 Injector System 6400XT_bro_Update0416_980-06613Rev9_Layout 1 4/11/16 9:55 AM Page 4 Expanded information on the LI-6400XT System is found at www.licor.com/6400XT 4 Temperature Control The Light Sources are easily installed in the field. Integrated Peltier coolers control temperature Careful placement of the LEDs also ensures uni- based on either leaf temperature or chamber form light distribution at the leaf surface. block temperature (software selectable). Accuracy during operation is assured by a feed- Chamber block temperature can be set to any back photodiode that adjusts the light source to value within ± 6 °C of ambient temperature. maintain the target value. Temperature control is a standard feature of the LI-6400XT; no bulky external power supplies or accessories are required. An optional Ex- panded Temperature Control Kit is available (p/n 6400-88) that can increase the range of temperature control of the sensor head block. 6400-18A The 6400-02B Red/Blue LED Light Source. 6400-17 6400-88 Water Jacket Light Control The 6400-02B LED Light Source, 6400-18A RGB (Red, Green, Blue) Light Source, and 6400-40 Leaf Chamber Fluorometer (all op- tional accessories) are integrated with the hard- The 6400-18A RGB Light Source is designed to be used with ware and software of the LI-6400XT System. the 6400-17 Whole Plant Arabidopsis Chamber; the package is available under part number 6400-17L. The use of LEDs makes them practical light sources because of their small size and low power consumption.