DOCUMENT RESUME ED 242 987 CE 038 867 AUTHOR Zaharevitz, Walter TITLE Pilots and Flight Engineers. Aviation Careers Series. INSTITUTION Federal Aviation Administration (DOT). Washington, TC. Office of Aviation Policy. REPORT NO GA-300-122 PUB.DATE 180] NOTE 16p.; For related documents, -see CE 038 868-871. PUB TYPE Guides - Non-Classroom Use (055) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage: P DESCRIPTORS *Aerospace Ifidustry; *Aircraft Pilots; Transportation; Aviation Technology; Caeepc Development; *Career Education; *Employment Opportunities; Employmeht Projections; Employment Qualifications; engineers; *Occupational Information; PostseCondary Education; Secondery Education; Wages IDENTIFIERS *Kviation Occupations ABSTRACT' This booklet, one in a series on aviation- careers;. outl nes the v4riety of careers available for Airplane pilots and fli t engineers: The first part of the booklet provides general information about careers for pilots and summarizes, the information in a table..In the main pert of the booklet, the following 11 job categories are outlined: flight instructor, corporate pilot, air taxi or_charter pilot, commercial airplane ox helicopter pilot, patrol pilot, ferry pilot, agricultural pilot, test pilot, airline pilot or captain, airline co-pilot onkOirst officer, and flight'engineer or second officer. FOr each job classification, information on the e nature of the work, working conditions, where the 'jobs are, qualifications, wages, opportunities for training, and outlook for the future is provided: (KC) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *********************************************************************** 0 a. AVIATIONEDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION/FEDERAL AVIATIONADMINISTRATION OFFICE OF AVIATIONPOUCY/WASHINGTON, D.C. 20591 Aviation Careers Series PILOTS AND FLIGHT ENGINEERS by Walter Zaharevitz U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION EDiCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Thrs document- has been reproducen1 as received from (the person or arganization originating it. Minor changes haw; been made to improve reprOduCtiOrl quality Points of view or (minions stated in this doc, merit do not necessarily represent official NIE GA-300-122 . position or bobby. GENERAL INFORMATION . ile the various kinds_of piloting jobs involvea variety of apecial Cir- cumstances-, there are also a number of conditions thatare common to all pilots. _is (1) All pilots flying for hire have progressed through_a flight training program_and have earneda commercial likely they haVe one or more /advanced ratings (such as- instrument or multi-engine ratings) depending upon the requirements of their particular flyinq'jobs. 9 (2) A pilot's "office" is the cockpit whichcontains all controls, instruments, and electronic.communication and navigation equipment necessary to operate the air- craft; Some noise aid +ibrationare noticeable;. particularly in propeller aircraft (3) They have a concern'for safety including the safecon- dition or airworthiness of the plane; weather factors affecting the safety of the flight; and flight regOla- tionsi air traffic control procedures, and air naviga- tional aids designed to provide maximum safety in the air. (4) They have a dual responsibility They must not only satisfy their employer, who might,be an air taxi opera-' tor or an airline,.but they must also demonstrate to the Federal Aviation Administration' (FAA) that their flying Skills, knowledge and state of health are'at all times acceptable for the particular flying jobs they perform. (5) They must undergo frqquent physical examinations and meet certain medical standards which vary according to the license which the pilot holds. A Class I Medical Certificate requires the highest standards for vision; hearing, equi ibrium, and general physical condition; The pilot must eve an exceptionallyigood health history. with no evidenCe of organic and nervous diseasesor mental disorders, A Class II' Medical Certificate de.- mands less rigid standards but still requiresa high degree of physical. health and an excellent medical his- tory; A Class III Medical Certificate has the least stringent physical requirements. A three classes of medical certificates allow the pil---si?'to wear glasses providedthecorrection is within the prescribed limits of vision; Dr addiction and/or chronic alcoholism dieqUalifpany ap licant. * the more-complex theflying The gx te? the numbek_Of flying hours and the opportunities fokadVancementsas a pilot; skills; the,more varied are to another Thete are many chanceS-tb=transferfrom one:kind Of_pilot,job accumulated and additionalskills are mastered; as flying houis are aik taxj: pilots; or Frequently pilots doubleas flight instructors and flight instruction they may also opekate.ahaircraft repair station with sidelines. Mami good aviation and airline and air taxi operations as agencies; flight'crew jobs qualifypilatsfor jobs with governmental such as the:FedekalAviation Administration (FAA). a o 01. REQUI-REMENTS Hours Flying Type of Pilot Education Licensee i Ratings ExPetience c Flight Instructor No mandatory level. Commercial, flight Minimum of Class II At least high school instructor's rating, 200 hours normally ne y- to instrument rating. absorb instruction. It N:Corporate Pilot COmmercial or Air Transport. 1,500 hours Class II (ATR) for heavy aircraft i 500 hours required jets. Nati-engine in- -; ;OrdOrporate co- strument ratings, AiP pilot. mechanics license, for cor- porate co-pilot. 1 Air Taxi or Commercial, instrument _ 1-,000.t0;$ Class II Charter Pilot ratipar 2.000-hours Commercial Pilot Commercial, helicopter Varied (Patrol, ferry, heli- isms'. 'Instrument copter, aerial sury tatingi seaplane rating _ .photography adver- (some) AiP mechanic (same). tieing, sightseei ambulance, etc.): Agricultural Pilot Commercial 500 hOurs eccident-free,' precision, low-level-fly- experience. Completion of specialised flight training in agricultural applications is preferred. Test PiIots_ Engiheeiing degree, _ COMMirical +500-2,000 hours- airline Class I ExperiffientSI_Ot prqerably aeronautical rating. test pilot; 3,000.4,000 Engineering_Test engineering hours flying as airline Pilot ,_Produetion pilot. In all cases, some Teat Pilot Ait- experiepce as a military line Test Pilot flight test pilot is preferred. a, Airline Pilot College preferred ATR and Instrument Class I with (Captain) .raeing , 20/20 vision as corrected. 21 - 35 years of age Height sufficient to operate all controls Airline Co-Pilot College preferred Commercial instrument Clan: II (First Officer) rating - ATR preferred (Class I preferred) Airline Flight High School or2- Commercial instrument' 350 - 1,000 hours Class II able to Engineer (OR years college preferred rating, AAP mechanic obtain Class I Second Officer) \flight engineering (Class. Iareferred) rating n Airline Flight College preferred ATR and Plight 2.500 airline Class I Instructor Engineering _flight hours *No starting figures are given as first_officers move up to captairules as vacancies oecur. m. 4 WAGES AND,BENEFITS , T.iiiecil Annual Basic Wages' Typical Benefits_ u 4plaxMum AdditionalWager:and Bp4eflts and Privileges ' Si.uU/nour Sl0.2U/nour :Some receive base pay plus hourly'rate for flight time or commissionwhen ntu- SlaYary . denES advance tO new ratings. varies with single-engine or multi- . engine aircraft. $12;000 SE9,2U0 Salary_depands on experience and type of Most companies have- to to aircraft flown. Lowest Salaries are for _ retirement plans, stock options and paid vacations. $19,500 $46,5B0 . pilots Of_singleengine planest hig;ieSt. salaries for pilots of twin-jet and'four- engine turooprop and .jets. I _ _ $3.60/nour $10.20 nour May also earn extra pay'for hours flown above a minimum, or a commission -on extra business the pilot.produces above a speci- fied minimum gross company'income. '510,00U" St4,1pU ' ciBOO $2,,,000 Some pilots receive 25-10% of the gross _ receipts they prOduce. As. work kaAeasonali they may earn wages in'OU-season ftom other commercial.fIying jobs that_make their totalannual income as much as $39,000 to SJ:0,000 51..,000 Some receive an additional amount.pet beet Insurance paid by company plea__ for hazarcipay fluxing test (LightS-' Other benefits given to aircraft_ ManufaCteeer or _airline employees_ in general ipaieachtion and sick Ieave, etc.) $30,000 Salary varies with type of airplane, day Paid vacation, insurance-retirement and night trips, international or domestic Plan, travel ptiviIeges, sick leave, routes, passenger'or cargo plane. group health insurance. Choice of routes and base depending on seniority. 50,000 SO3,000 Salary varies with type-of airplane, day ' Paid vacation, insurance-retirement and night trips,. international or'domestic, Plan, travel privileges, siCkIeave, routes, passenge.F or cargo plane. group health Insurance. choice of routes i base depending on'seniotity. ?5 0,000 $40,000 $13,000 553,000 \claryvarieswith size of thy airline. Paid vacation, insurance-retirement 0 plan, travel privileges, sick leave, -group health insurance. 4 Pilots flying large jets, such as_the Boeing 747 on foreign routes may earn additional wages. Olt . ib / FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR , e NatUrao-fthelftrk; Flight Instructors-teach students to_fly. They explain principles of flight, aerial navigation, weather factOES and flying_regulationsinground school, classes. They demonStrate opbta- tion_ofAircraft and equipment