Glime, J. M. 2021. Aquatic and Wet Marchantiophyta, Order Metzgeriales: Aneuraceae. Chapt. 1-11. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte 1-11-1 Ecology. Volume 4. Habitat and Role. Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 11 April 2021 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology/>. CHAPTER 1-11: AQUATIC AND WET MARCHANTIOPHYTA, ORDER METZGERIALES: ANEURACEAE TABLE OF CONTENTS SUBCLASS METZGERIIDAE ........................................................................................................................................... 1-11-2 Order Metzgeriales............................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-2 Aneuraceae ................................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-2 Aneura .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-2 Aneura maxima ............................................................................................................................................................ 1-11-2 Aneura mirabilis .......................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-7 Aneura pinguis ........................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-14 Lobatiriccardia .......................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-24 Lobatiriccardia alterniloba ........................................................................................................................................ 1-11-24 Lobatiriccardia athertonensis .................................................................................................................................... 1-11-25 Lobatiriccardia coronopus ......................................................................................................................................... 1-11-25 Lobatiriccardia oberwinkleri ..................................................................................................................................... 1-11-25 Lobatiriccardia verdoornioides ................................................................................................................................. 1-11-25 Lobatiriccardia yakusimensis .................................................................................................................................... 1-11-26 Lobatiriccardia yunanensis ........................................................................................................................................ 1-11-26 Riccardia .................................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-26 Riccardia aequicellularis ........................................................................................................................................... 1-11-26 Riccardia chamedryfolia ............................................................................................................................................ 1-11-27 Riccardia crassiretis .................................................................................................................................................. 1-11-33 Riccardia crenulata.................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-33 Riccardia diminuta ..................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-33 Riccardia elata ........................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-33 Riccardia graeffei ...................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-34 Riccardia jackii .......................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-34 Riccardia marginata .................................................................................................................................................. 1-11-36 Riccardia multifida .................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-37 Riccardia multifidoides .............................................................................................................................................. 1-11-42 Riccardia parvula ...................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-43 Riccardia singapurensis ............................................................................................................................................. 1-11-43 Riccardia subexalata .................................................................................................................................................. 1-11-43 Riccardia tenuis ......................................................................................................................................................... 1-11-43 Riccardia tjibodensis .................................................................................................................................................. 1-11-43 Riccardia wettsteinii .................................................................................................................................................. 1-11-43 Summary ............................................................................................................................................................................ 1-11-43 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................................................. 1-11-44 Literature Cited .................................................................................................................................................................. 1-11-44 1-11-2 Chapter 1-11: Aquatic and Wet Marchantiophyta, Order Metzgeriales: Aneuraceae CHAPTER 1-11: AQUATIC AND WET MARCHANTIOPHYTA, ORDER METZGERIALES: ANEURACEAE Figure 1. Aneura pinguis growing in a zone that is just above and below the water surface, keeping it constantly wet. Photo by Michael Lüth, with permission. As in the other chapters on liverworts in aquatic and Aneura (Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 7-Figure 10, wet habitats, nomenclature for this chapter is based Figure 18-Figure 26, Figure 29-Figure 32, Figure primarily on Söderström et al. (2016). In addition, Lars 52-Figure 57) Söderström has provided me with correct names for species that I could not link to the names on that list. TROPICOS In a study of 48 streams on South Island, New also permitted me to link names by tracking the basionym. Zealand, Suren and Duncan (1999) found that Aneura sp. I have ignored varieties, forms, and subspecies unless I was positively correlated with bankfull discharge. This could verify a current name for them. Information on genus has several species that are typically associated with habitats of these unverifiable taxa has been included with water. the species. Bidartondo and Duckett (2010) found sebacinoid fungi Many of the species on this list are not typical wetland in several species of Aneura. or aquatic species. They were, however, found in a wetland or aquatic study. Aneura maxima (Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 7- Figure 10; Figure 18-Figure 26) The species Aneura maxima (Figure 2, Figure 3, SUBCLASS METZGERIIDAE Figure 7-Figure 10), A. pellioides (Figure 4), and A. pinguis (Figure 5-Figure 6) have created confusion in their Order Metzgeriales identification (Frahm 2012). Frahm (2012) used water culture to determine if characters are modified by the Aneuraceae (Figure 1) culture conditions. This was done to understand the Chapter 1-11: Aquatic and Wet Marchantiophyta, Order Metzgeriales: Aneuraceae 1-11-3 distinctions among several Aneura species. The unilayered thallus margin was retained in Aneura maxima (Figure 3) and the multilayered thallus margin was retained in Aneura pinguis in common garden culture of aquatic and terrestrial conditions. Figure 5. Aneura pinguis, one of three species that have been confused with each other. Photo by Hermann Schachner, through Creative Commons. Figure 2. Aneura maxima, one of three species that have been confused with each other. Photo by Jan-Peter Frahm, with permission. Figure 6. Aneura pinguis thallus cross section. Photo by Hermann Schachner, through Creative Commons. Bączkiewicz et al. (2017) used DNA evidence to argue that Aneura pinguis (Figure 5-Figure 6) was comprised of Figure 3 Aneura maxima showing 1-cell-thick thallus many cryptic species, including Aneura