FACTORS INFLUENCING COMMERCIALIZATION OF GREEN MAIZE IN NANDI SOUTH, NANDI COUNTY KENYA BY PIUS KIPKORIR CHERUIYOT A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY, POLITICAL SCIENCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION FOR THE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY MOI UNIVERSITY DECEMBER, 2018 ii DECLARATION Declaration by the Student I declare that this thesis is my original work and has not been presented for the award of degree in any another university. No part of this thesis may be reproduced without prior written permission of the Author and/ or Moi University Pius Kipkorir Cheruiyot ……………………… ……………… SASS/PGPA/06/07 Signature Date Declaration By the Supervisors This thesis has been submitted for examination with our Approval as University Supervisors. Dr. James K. Chelang’a ……………………… ……………… Department of History, Political Signature Date Science and Public Administration Mr. Dulo Nyaoro ……………………… ……………… Department of History, Political Signature Date Science and Public Administration iii DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my beloved wife Mercy Cheruiyot, children Kipkoech, Kimaru, Jerop, and Jepkurui. To my parents Sosten Cheruiyot and Anjaline Cheruiyot, siblings and all my friends for their inspiration, encouragement and continuous support throughout the entire process of writing this research thesis. God Bless you all. iv ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to assess the factors that influenced the commercialization of green maize in Nandi South, Nandi County. The Study aimed at investigating the reasons why farmers opted to sell green maize rather than wait to sell it as dry cereals. The study aimed at achieving the following objectives; to analyze policies that guide the commercialization of green maize; to assess factors that motivate farmers to sell their green maize, to evaluate the consequences of the sale of green maize and to assess the positive ant the negative results of the sale of green maize. The study utilized purposive sampling and simple random sampling technique. The study employed descriptive survey design with questionnaires and interview schedules as data collection instruments applied to sample of 188 respondents. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to analyze data. The findings of the study are as follows: the huge profits realized in the business motivated the farmers to sell green maize, the rising cost of farm inputs, the challenges farmers are facing in the entire business, incidences of corruption, vices and theft cases have been on the rise, lack of clear government policy on commercialization of green maize. Commercialization of green maize harvests has effects on long-term food security. It has attracted unscrupulous business men who con farmers. Government policy is not strong in protecting farmers. Based on the findings, recommendations were made to capture the benefits of commercialization of green maize and their disadvantages. There is need for clear policy framework to help the farmers. To assess the negative consequences of commercialization so as intervene on behalf of farmers. v TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ........................................................................................................... ii DEDICATION ............................................................................................................. iii ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................... v LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................... viii LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................... ix LIST OF PLATES ......................................................................................................... x DEFINITION OF TERMS ........................................................................................... xi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................... xii CHAPTER ONE .......................................................................................................... 1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY ............................................................................ 1 1.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Background of the Study ......................................................................................... 1 1.3 Statement of the Problem ......................................................................................... 4 1.4. Objectives of the Study ........................................................................................... 5 1.5 Research Questions .................................................................................................. 5 1.6 Significance of the Study ......................................................................................... 5 1.7 Justification .............................................................................................................. 6 1.8 Limitations of the Study........................................................................................... 6 1.9 Summary of the Chapter .......................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER TWO ......................................................................................................... 8 LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................... 8 2.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 8 2.2 Policies Guides on Commercialization of Green Maize .......................................... 8 2.2.1 Credit facility policy........................................................................................ 10 2.2.2 Analysis on price reduction policy .................................................................. 14 2.3 Factors that motivate farmers to sell green maize ................................................. 17 2.3.1 Higher returns to farmers ................................................................................ 18 2.3.2 Spread of Commercialization of Green Maize ................................................ 19 2.3.3 Profits in the Green maize business ................................................................ 20 2.3.4 Production as a Motivator ............................................................................... 20 2.4 Consequences of Commercialization of Sale of Green Maize .............................. 21 vi 2.5 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Sale of Green Maize ................................. 22 2.6 Theoretical Framework .......................................................................................... 25 2.6.1 Motivation factor ............................................................................................. 25 2.6.2 Conceptual framework .................................................................................... 27 2.7 Summary of the Chapter ........................................................................................ 28 CHAPTER THREE ................................................................................................... 29 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................................................. 29 3.1 Overview ................................................................................................................ 29 3.2 Research Design..................................................................................................... 29 3.3 Study Area ............................................................................................................. 29 3.4 Target Population ................................................................................................... 31 3.5 Sample Size and Sampling Procedures .................................................................. 32 3.6 Data Collection Tools and Instruments .................................................................. 33 3.6.1 Primary data collection.................................................................................... 33 3.6.2. Use of questionnaires ..................................................................................... 34 3.6.3. Observation .................................................................................................... 34 3.6.4 Photography .................................................................................................... 34 3.6.5. Secondary data collection ............................................................................... 34 3.7 Data Processing and Analysis ................................................................................ 35 CHAPTER FOUR ...................................................................................................... 36 DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION ................... 36 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 36 4.2 Characteristics of Respondents .............................................................................