ZAVOD ZA GOZDOVE SLOVENIJE OBMO ČNA ENOTA LJUBLJANA GOZDNOGOSPODARSKI NA ČRT GOZDNOGOSPODARSKE ENOTE DOL-MORAV ČE 2019 - 2028 Štev.: 04-15/19 OSNUTEK Vsebina VSEBINA POVZETEK ....................................................................................................................................................... 9 UVOD............................................................................................................................................................... 11 1 SPLOŠNI OPIS GOZDNOGOSPODARSKE ENOTE .............................................................................. 12 1.1 OPIS NARAVNIH RAZMER ............................................................................................................................ 12 1.1.1 Lega ..................................................................................................................................................... 12 1.1.2 Relief .................................................................................................................................................... 13 1.1.3 Podnebne zna čilnosti........................................................................................................................... 13 1.1.4 Hidrološke razmere .............................................................................................................................. 14 1.1.5 Mati čna podlaga in tla .......................................................................................................................... 14 1.1.6 Krajinski tipi, gozdnatost ...................................................................................................................... 15 1.1.7 Vegetacijski oris gospodarske enote ................................................................................................... 16 1.1.8 Živalski svet.......................................................................................................................................... 19 1.2 POVRŠINA IN LASTNIŠTVO GOZDOV ............................................................................................................. 19 1.3 ODPRTOST GOZDOV S PROMETNICAMI IN RAZMERE ZA PRIDOBIVANJE LESA ................................................... 20 1.4 DRUŽBENO GOSPODARSKE RAZMERE ......................................................................................................... 22 1.5 GOSPODARSKE IN DRUGE DEJAVNOSTI , POVEZANE Z GOZDOM ..................................................................... 23 1.5.1 Lovstvo................................................................................................................................................. 23 1.5.2 Kmetijstvo............................................................................................................................................. 24 1.5.3 Poselitev............................................................................................................................................... 24 1.5.4 Infrastruktura ........................................................................................................................................ 24 1.5.5 Druge aktivnosti v prostoru .................................................................................................................. 25 1.5.6 Ostale gospodarske dejavnosti............................................................................................................ 25 1.6 POŽARNO OGROŽENI GOZDOVI ................................................................................................................... 25 1.7 UREDITVENA ČLENITEV GOZDNOGOSPODARSKE ENOTE ............................................................................... 26 1.8 ORGANIZIRANOST JAVNE GOZDARSKE SLUŽBE ............................................................................................ 26 2 PRIKAZ FUNKCIJ GOZDOV.................................................................................................................... 27 2.1 EKOLOŠKE FUNKCIJE ................................................................................................................................. 28 2.2 SOCIALNE FUNKCIJE .................................................................................................................................. 33 2.3 PROIZVODNE FUNKCIJE .............................................................................................................................. 37 3 OPIS STANJA GOZDOV.......................................................................................................................... 39 3.1 GOSPODARSKE KATEGORIJE GOZDOV ........................................................................................................ 39 3.2 LESNA ZALOGA .......................................................................................................................................... 40 3.3 PRIRASTEK ............................................................................................................................................... 42 3.4 RAZVOJNE FAZE ........................................................................................................................................ 43 3.5 TIPI SESTOJEV .......................................................................................................................................... 44 3.6 OHRANJENOST GOZDOV ............................................................................................................................ 44 3.7 KAKOVOST DREVJA ................................................................................................................................... 45 3.8 POŠKODOVANOST DREVJA ......................................................................................................................... 45 3.9 OBJEDENOST GOZDNEGA MLADJA .............................................................................................................. 46 3.10 ODMRLO DREVJE ..................................................................................................................................... 48 4 ANALIZA PRETEKLEGA GOSPODARJENJA Z GOZDOVI .................................................................. 49 4.1 KRATEK OPIS ZGODOVINE GOSPODARJENJA Z GOZDOVI V GOZDNOGOSPODARSKI ENOTI ................................ 49 4.2 GOSPODARJENJE Z GOZDOVI V PRETEKLEM OBDOBJU VELJAVNOSTI NA ČRTA ................................................ 49 4.2.1 Posek ................................................................................................................................................... 50 4.2.2 Gojitvena in varstvena dela.................................................................................................................. 54 4.2.3 Gradnja gozdnih prometnic.................................................................................................................. 55 4.2.4 Opravljena dela in aktivnosti na krepitvi funkcij gozdov....................................................................... 56 4.2.5 Posegi v gozd in gozdni prostor v obdobju 2009 – 2018..................................................................... 57 4.2.6 Celovita ocena doseganja postavljenih ciljev v obdobju 2009-2018 ................................................... 57 5 ORIS ZAKONITOSTI RAZVOJA GOZDOV ............................................................................................. 61 5.1 RAZVOJ GOZDNIH FONDOV ......................................................................................................................... 61 5.2 PRESOJA STANJA IN RAZVOJA GOZDOV V POGLEDU TRAJNOSTI .................................................................... 62 ZGS, GGN GGE DOL-MORAV ČE 2019-2028 2 Vsebina 5.2.1 Presoja stanja in razvoja gozdov v pogledu trajnosti z vidika debelinske strukture oziroma razmerja razvojnih faz..................................................................................................................................................... 62 5.2.2 Presoja trajnosti z vidika zagotavljanja funkcij gozdov ........................................................................ 63 6 CILJI, USMERITVE IN UKREPI ............................................................................................................... 65 6.1 SPLOŠNI CILJI ............................................................................................................................................ 65 6.2 USMERITVE ............................................................................................................................................... 66 6.2.1 Splošne usmeritve................................................................................................................................ 66 6.2.2 Usmeritve za krepitev in uskladitev funkcij gozdov.............................................................................. 68 6.2.3 Usmeritve za razvoj življenjskih razmer prosto živečih živali............................................................... 86 6.2.4 Usmeritve za delo v varovalnih gozdovih............................................................................................. 87 6.2.5 Usmeritve za delo s požarno ogroženimi gozdovi ............................................................................... 88 6.2.6 Usmeritve za delo s semenskimi objekti.............................................................................................