Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Oct 09, 2021 District energy in cities initiative Rapid assessments of five indian cities - Coimbatore Chen, Zhuolun; Kolsepatil, Nikhil ; Krishnan, Sella; Nagarajan, Nagendran; Verma, Ashish; Chaturvedula, Soumya; Emani, Naresh Kumar; Hickman, Benjamin; Mohanty, Parimita; Riahi, Lily Publication date: 2021 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Chen, Z., Kolsepatil, N., Krishnan, S., Nagarajan, N., Verma, A., Chaturvedula, S., Emani, N. K., Hickman, B., Mohanty, P., & Riahi, L. (2021). District energy in cities initiative: Rapid assessments of five indian cities - Coimbatore. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. RAPID ASSESSMENTS OF FIVE INDIAN CITIES COIMBATORE Contributing to: 1 Published 2nd November 2017 at a national workshop entitled “District Energy in Cities Initiative in India” - launching the Initiative’s activities in India and announcing the pilot city of Thane. Report authors: Copenhagen Centre on Energy Efficiency (C2E2): Dr. Zhuolun Chen ICLEI: Nikhil Kolsepatil, Sella Krishnan, Nagendran Nagarajan, Ashish Verma, Soumya Chaturvedula, Emani Kumar UN Environment: Benjamin Hickman, Parimita Mohanty, Lily Riahi Reviewers and contributors: The Carbon Trust. Danfoss. Dr. Alaa Olama. Empower. Energy Efficiency Services Limited. International Finance Corporation. Thermax. Consultations between the project team and the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Ministry of Power, Ministry of Urban Development, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change and the Bureau for Energy Efficiency proved invaluable in designing the District Energy in Cities Initiative’s activities in India and the approach and methodology for undertaking district energy assessments in Indian cities. The project team appreciates the vision shown by the Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation for agreeing to be a part of the District Energy in Cities Initiative. We are grateful for all the support extended by the Municipal Corporation and its departments to this exercise. We extend our sincere thanks to administrators, government departments and stakeholders including the Coimbatore Local Planning Authority, Coimbatore Smart City Limited, IC Centre for Governance, Coimbatore Hi-Tech Infrastructure Private Limited, CODISSIA Trade Fair Complex team, Coimbatore Hi-Tech Infrastructure Private Limited, TIDEL Park Coimbatore Limited, KG Information Services and Technologies Private Limited, Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board –Coimbatore office, Indian Chamber of Commerce- Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu Electricity Board – Coimbatore office, P.P Associates, Tamil Nadu Agriculture University, whose inputs and contribution to data collection have been invaluable to the successful completion of the district cooling rapid assessment in Coimbatore and the compilation of this document. The Initiative The District Energy in Cities Initiative is a multi-stakeholder partnership coordinated by UN Environment, with financial support from the Global Environment Facility and the Governments of Denmark and Italy. As one of six accelerators of the Sustainable Energy of All (SEforAll) Energy Efficiency Accelerator Platform, the Initiative is supporting market transformation efforts to shift the heating and cooling sector to energy efficient and renewable energy solutions. Over 46 organizations, including industry associations, manufacturers, utilities, financiers, non-government groups, as well as 45 champion cities across the world have partnered with the District Energy in Cities Initiative to support local and national governments implement district energy policies, programs and project pipelines that will accelerate investment in modern district energy systems. India is one of the pilot cities in India and Thane, the Initiative’s first pilot city in India, was selected as a result of these rapid assessments. The Initiative is working in partnership with Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL), the National Coordinating Agency of the Initiative in India. For more information and contact details please visit districtenergyinitiative.org 2 Table of Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 8 2 Background on district cooling ................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Scope and approaches of the rapid assessment .............................................................. 10 3 City Overview........................................................................................................................... 11 3.1 Introduction to the City ................................................................................................... 11 3.2 Location and Natural Environment .................................................................................. 11 3.2.1 Geographical Location ............................................................................................ 11 3.2.2 Climate ...................................................................................................................... 14 3.2.3 Soil Conditions ............................................................................................................ 16 3.2.4 Surface and Groundwater Availability ......................................................................... 16 3.2.5 Air Quality .................................................................................................................. 17 3.2.6 Energy Consumption ................................................................................................... 18 3.2.7 Greenhouse gas emissions .......................................................................................... 18 3.3 Socio Economic Status .................................................................................................... 19 3.3.1 Population .................................................................................................................. 19 3.3.2 Local Economy and Real Estate Growth ...................................................................... 19 4 Stakeholder Mapping ............................................................................................................... 24 5 City Strategies and Initiatives ................................................................................................... 30 5.1 Coimbatore Smart City .................................................................................................... 31 5.2 Coimbatore’s Solar City Master Plan ............................................................................... 36 5.3 Coimbatore’s Voluntary Initiatives .................................................................................. 39 6 Local Policies and Legal Framework ......................................................................................... 42 6.1 Planning Authority and Framework ................................................................................. 42 6.2 Building Regulations and Certifications ........................................................................... 47 6.3 Legislation relating to Space Cooling ............................................................................... 49 6.4 Incentives and Subsidies ................................................................................................. 50 6.5 Demonstration Projects .................................................................................................. 51 6.6 Project Financing ............................................................................................................ 52 7 Applicable Business Models for District Cooling ....................................................................... 54 8 Barrier Analysis for Implementation of District Cooling in Coimbatore ..................................... 56 9 Space Cooling in Coimbatore.................................................................................................... 58 9.1 The extent of air-conditioning in Coimbatore .................................................................. 59 9.2 The operation of air-conditioning in Coimbatore ............................................................. 61 9.3 Impacts of cooling on electricity consumption ................................................................ 61 3 9.4 Sector-wise Analysis of Cooling Demand ......................................................................... 65 9.4.1 Residential Sector ....................................................................................................... 65 9.4.2 Micro Scale and Low Tension Consumers in the Industrial Sector ...............................