CC&EEL 2019 ISSUE 1 (133) Contemporary central and east european law CC&EEL 2019 | ISSUE 1 (133) Contemporary central and east european law Publishing House of ILS PAS 2020 Contemporary Central & East European Law is a scientific journal of the Institute of Law Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences, replacing the suspended in 2002 quarterly bilingual journal published since 1964, titled Droit Polonais Contemporain – Sovremennoe pol’skoe pravo – Polish Contemporary Law. EDITORIAL TEAM Editor-in-chief Dr hab. Celina Nowak, Assoc. Prof. (Institute of Law Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland) Deputy Editor-in-chief Prof. Gintaras Švedas (Vilnius University, Lithuania) Managing Editor Dr Agata Kleczkowska (Institute of Law Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland) Creating the archive database Droit Polonais Contemporain / Sovremennoe pol’skoe prawo / Polish Contemporary Law (1963–2002, 2019-) – a task financed under contract no. 739/P-DUN/2019 from the funds of the Polish Minister of Science and Higher Education allocated for activities promoting science. Utworzenie bazy archiwalnej „Droit Polonais Contemporain” / „Sovremennoe pol’skoe prawo” / „PolishContemporary Law” (1963–2002, 2019-) – zadanie finansowe w ramach umowy nr 739/P-DUN/2019 ze środków Ministerstwa Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę. PL ISSN: 0070-7325 eISSN: 2719-4256 An electronic version shall be considered authentic. Peer review process and the list of reviewers are available at CC&EEL website: http://czasopisma.inp.pan.pl/index.php/cceel/ Proofreading: Publishing House of ILS PAS, Rob Brooks Typesetting and text makeup: Grzegorz Gromulski Publishing House of ILS PAS Nowy Świat 72 00-330 Warsaw tel. (22) 65 72 738 e-mail: [email protected] Table of Contents Foreword ...............................................................................................................5 Abbreviations ........................................................................................................7 Anna Młynarska-Sobaczewska, Katarzyna Kubuj, Aleksandra Mężykowska Public Morality as a Legitimate Aim to Limit Rights and Freedoms in the National and International Legal Order...................................... 10 Monika Domańska, Dawid Miąsik, Monika Szwarc The Application of EU Law by Polish Courts: General Remarks on 15 Years of Experience ................................................................................ 21 Mateusz Błachucki The Role of Soft Law in Functioning of Supranational Competition Networks .......................................................................... 33 Lavinia Brancusi Why is the Functionality Doctrine in Trade Mark Law worth Advanced (Re)Consideration? .............................................................. 43 Alina Sperka-Cieciura The Impact of the Ownership Structure of the Company Managing an Airport on its Functioning ..................................................... 55 Marlena Jankowska Copyright – an Ally for Fashion in the Intellectual Property Rights System? ................................................................... 64 Agata Kleczkowska Explaining the Meaning of ‘Grey Zones’ in Public International Law Based on the Example of the Conflict in Ukraine ......................................................... 75 Łukasz Czarnecki The 2020 Foreign Investment Law of China: Confucianism and New Challenges for Social Development ........................ 94 Aleksander Mazan Confucianism and New Challenges for Social Development ..................................... 104 Ewa Suknarowska-Drzewiecka Polish Employment Law in the Face of Digitization and New Technologies ............................................................................. 118 Witold Klaus Criminalisation of Beggars: the Causes and Consequences of the Phenomenon ...................................................................... 132 Hanna Kuczyńska Nazi Crimes in Poland: a Never-Ending Search for Justice ......................................... 142 Paulina Wiktorska, Konrad Buczkowski How Crime has Changed in a Universally Mobile Society, Based on the Example of Poland: a Research Concept ............................................... 161 FOREWORD We are pleased to present you with the first volume of the journal Contemporary Central & East European Law (CC&EEL), issued by the Institute of Law Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences. The aim of the journal is to publish the works of outstanding researchers from the region concentrating on current legal issues relevant to Central and Eastern Europe. Papers concerning all areas of law, in particular adopting comparative and interdisciplinary approaches, are welcomed. The CC&EEL replaces the bilingual journal Droit Polonais Contemporain – Polish Contemporary Law published by the Institute between 1964 and 2002. The ambition of the new editing team is to maintain the high academic level of the CC&EEL’s predecessor which will hopefully be an important publication platform for scholars from Central and Eastern Europe. Bearing in mind the importance of the ‘Droit Polonais Contemporain – Polish Contemporary Law’ for the community of legal researchers, we would like to announce that we have created an online archive. This was made possible thanks to the funding received from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland as part of the program popularizing science. The first issue of the CC&EEL has a special meaning, as it also marks the launch of the project “Excellence in Legal Research. Promoting Polish achievements in the area of legal sciences abroad”, implemented by the Institute of Law Studies of the PAS and funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education. Most of the articles published in this very first volume of the journal present the main objectives of research which will be conducted as part of the project. The ultimate results of the Excellence project will be presented in the form of seven monographs and seven research articles printed by the most distinguished publishing houses and prestigious journals of law. The articles published in this volume of CC&EEL cover research from various areas of law. The opening article is co-authored by Anna Młynarska-Sobaczewska, Katarzyna Kubuj and Aleksandra Mężykowska, who identify and discuss examples of arguments used by domestic and international courts in cases in which moral issues may play an important role. In the next article, Monika Domańska, Dawid Miąsik and Monika Szwarc examine how the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union influences Polish legal order. Further, Mateusz Błachucki reviews the issue of soft law and its role in the functioning of supranational competition networks, concluding that supranational soft law may easily respond to the changing needs of authorities and stakeholders, as well as adapting to the evolution of the economic and regulatory environment. Lavinia Brancusi discusses the necessity of preparing a comprehensive study, against refusal pertaining to functional signs set in the EU trademark law, which would meet the business community’s need to register non-traditional trademarks. In her article, Alina Sperka-Cieciura examines the change of the ownership structures of European airports and its impact on their proper 5 functioning. Also in the field of law of intellectual property, Marlena Jankowska discusses the background of protection of creative work in the fashion industry, including examples of both strong and relaxed approaches by industry players. The subsequent article, authored by Agata Kleczkowska, changes the subject matter to the problem of ‘grey zones’ in public international law exploited by Russia’s activities during the conflict in Ukraine. Łukasz Czarnecki discusses the new foreign investment law in China in the face of social development in that State. Moving from foreign to domestic law, Aleksander Mazan presents the question of representation in the Polish legal system from the perspective of attorneys and authorized agents, as well as investigating its role in the Polish legal system. In her article, Ewa Suknarowska-Drzewiecka examines the impact of digitization and new technologies on the employment relationship in Polish labour law. Then, Witold Klaus analyses the problem of criminalization of beggars throughout Polish history and presents its impact on the lives of the poorest and the most excluded members of Polish society. The following paper, authored by Hanna Kuczyńska, examines international criminal law, reflecting on the standard for prosecuting Nazi crimes committed in Poland in the light of the model presently used in international criminal law. The closing article, by Konrad Buczkowski and Paulina Wiktorska, deals with the technological advancements and the mobility of societies in the context of changes in crime, using the example of Poland. Wishing you an interesting and inspiring read, Professor Celina Nowak Editor-in-Chief Contemporary Central & East European Law 6 ABBREVIATIONS JOURNAL AND LEGAL SERIES TITLE ABBREVIATIONS AJDA ................................................................................................Actualité juridique. Droit administratif Am J Juris ........................................................................................The American Journal of Jurisprudence BGH ....................................................................... Germany Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof) C & R ..................................................................................................Revista