Sustainable Management of Available Water Resources with Innovative Technologies Management of Highly Variable Water Resources in semi- arid Regions" - Israel (ISR), Jordan, Palestine (PSE) SMART-MOVE BMBF Funding No.: 02WM1355B Working Package 3: Wastewater Management towards Groundwater Protection Deliverable No. 3.3: Roll-out investment project for regional implementation of DWWT&R systems Authors: Mi-Yong Becker (UFZ) Ganbaatar Khurelbaatar (UFZ) Manfred van Afferden (UFZ) Ali Subha (MWI) Roland A. Müller (UFZ) Date: 30.11.2018 Funded by Roll-out investment project for regional implementation of DWWT&R systems ii CONTENT 1 DELIVERABLE 3.3 – ROLL-OUT INVESTMENT PROJECT FOR REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION OF DWWT&R SYSTEMS .............................. 1 2 TASK 3.3.1: DEFINITION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR A DWWM SYSTEM AS A TOOL FOR THE PROTECTION OF GROUNDWATER IN PRIORITY AREAS OF JORDAN .............................................................. 2 2.1 Hot spots and vulnerable water resources ........................................... 2 2.2 Al-Balqa Governorate ....................................................................... 3 3 TASK 3.3.2: ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT SCENARIOS OF GROUNDWATER PROTECTION ............................................................. 5 3.1 Objective ........................................................................................ 6 3.2 Study Area ...................................................................................... 6 3.3 Assessment of current situation ......................................................... 7 3.3.1 Total number of inhabitants in the study area................................. 7 3.3.2 Identification of connected and not connected buildings ................. 8 3.3.3 Quantity of Wastewater .............................................................. 10 3.4 Assessment of the future development .............................................. 11 3.4.1 Projected population .................................................................. 11 3.4.2 Future development areas ........................................................... 12 3.4.3 Consideration of future development during the scenario development .............................................................................. 13 3.5 Scenario development ...................................................................... 14 3.5.1 Scenario development for the whole project area ......................... 15 3.5.1.1 Scenario-1.1: On-site treatment systems on individual building level 15 3.5.1.2 Scenario-1.2: Tanker solution with upgraded infrastructure .................... 16 3.5.2 Scenario development for Al-Salt urban area. ............................... 17 3.5.2.1 Scenario-2.1: Pump connection to existing sewer network ...................... 17 3.5.2.2 Scenario-2.2: Extension of sewer line ........................................................ 19 3.5.3 Scenario development in rural area .............................................. 20 3.5.3.1 Designing the sewer network for each cluster points ............................... 22 3.5.3.2 Scenario-3.1: Central solution.................................................................... 23 3.5.3.3 Scenario-3.2: Decentral cluster solution .................................................... 24 3.6 Identification of lowest-cost solution for wastewater management ........ 25 3.6.1 Cost Assessment of the scenarios ................................................. 25 3.6.2 Cost comparison of scenarios for wastewater management ............ 26 3.6.2.1 Scenarios for wastewater management in Al-Salt Urban Area ................. 26 3.6.2.2 Scenarios for wastewater management in the rural areas ....................... 28 4 TASK 3.3.3: DEFINITION OF REQUIREMENT FOR AN INVESTMENT PROJECT ON DECENTRALIZED WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT ................... 29 5 CONCLUSION ................................................................................... 30 6 REFERENCES .................................................................................... 32 ANNEX-1: UNIT COST USED IN THE SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT........................... 34 ANNEX-2: CONVERSION FACTORS OF DIFFERENT COST ITEMS INTO NET PRESENT VALUE ............................................................................... 36 Roll-out investment project for regional implementation of DWWT&R systems iii FIGURES FIGURE 2-1: HOT SPOTS IN AL-BALQA GOVERNORATE .................................................................................................. 4 FIGURE 3-1. THE DEFINED HOT SPOT, WHICH REQUIRES WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT TOWARDS GROUNDWATER PROTECTION. ..... 7 FIGURE 3-2. A TYPICAL SEWER LINE IN AL-SALT CITY. BUILDING A IS CONNECTED TO THE SEWER NETWORK, WHILE BUILDING B WHICH CANNOT BE CONNECTED TO THE SEWER NETWORK VIA GRAVITY, DUE TO ITS LOWER POSITION, REMAINS UNCONNECTED. ............................................................................................................................................ 8 FIGURE 3-3. CONNECTED AND NOT CONNECTED BUILDINGS. ........................................................................................... 9 FIGURE 3-4. QUANTITY OF TREATED AND INFILTRATION WW WITHIN THE STUDY AREA. ...................................................... 11 FIGURE 3-5. PREDICTION OF THE DEVELOPMENT AREAS. MAP A CORRESPONDS TO THE CADASTRAL MAP USED IN THIS STUDY. MAP B SHOWS THE DEVELOPMENT HISTORY OF RECENT BUILDINGS BETWEEN 2011 AND 2016. MAP C CORRESPONDS TO AVAILABILITY OF LAND (PLOTS). MAP D SHOWS THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT PREDICTION, WHICH IS A RESULT OF COMBINATION OF MAPS B AND C. .................................................................................................................. 13 FIGURE 3-6. IDENTIFICATION OF LOTS, WHICH WILL BE CONNECTED TO EXISTING SEWER NETWORK IN AL-SALT CITY ................... 14 FIGURE 3-7. TWO OF THREE POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGIES ARE SHOWN. A DEPICTS THE TECHNICAL SOLUTION (SBR), WHILE B DEPICTS THE ECO-TECHNOLOGY SOLUTION. 1- PRETREATMENT, 2-TREATMENT UNIT, AND 3- DISCHARGE OF TREATED EFFLUENT. ..... 15 FIGURE 3-8. STATE OF THE ART, TANKER SOLUTION .................................................................................................... 16 FIGURE 3-9. DEPICTION OF THE PROPOSED SCENARIO 2-1. PUMP CONNECTION TO EXISTING SEWER NETWORK FOR BUILDING TYPE B. ........................................................................................................................................................... 18 FIGURE 3-10. 500 MM TRUNK LINE TO BE REPLACED BY 900 MM LINE IN ORDER TO CAPACITATE ADDITIONAL LOAD. ................. 18 FIGURE 3-11. PLANNING OF POTENTIAL SEWER EXTENSION IN AL-SALT CITY. .................................................................... 19 FIGURE 3-12. SUMMARY OF AVERAGE NEAREST NEIGHBOR ANALYSIS RUN FOR THE BUILDINGS IN THE RURAL AREA AROUND AL- SALT CITY. THE SUMMARY SUGGESTS THAT THE GEOSPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BUILDINGS AROUND AL-SALT ARE MORE SUITABLE FOR CLUSTERING (SHOWN IN BLUE FRAME). .......................................................................................... 20 FIGURE 3-13. IDENTIFICATION OF DENSELY POPULATED AREAS. THE AREAS OF INTEREST ARE MARKED WITH RED CIRCLES. ........... 21 FIGURE 3-14. POTENTIAL DESIGN OF SEWER NETWORK FOR COLLECTION OF WASTEWATER IN CLUSTER-2. IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT THIS IS NOT A DETAILED TECHNICAL PLAN BUT A CONCEPTION OF POTENTIAL SEWER NETWORK. ..................................... 22 FIGURE 3-15. CENTRALIZED SCENARIO. .................................................................................................................... 23 FIGURE 3-16. DECENTRALIZED CLUSTER SCENARIO...................................................................................................... 25 FIGURE 3-17: COMPARISON OF THE SPECIFIC TREATMENT COST FOR THE DEVELOPED SCENARIOS. ......................................... 27 FIGURE 4-1: WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SCENARIOS FOR AL-AZRAQ. A- DECENTRALIZED CLUSTER SOLUTION. B- CENTRALIZED SOLUTION. ................................................................................................................................................ 30 TABLES TABLE 2-2: HOT SPOTS AND VULNERABLE WATER RESOURCES FOR ALL GOVERNORATES OF THE KINGDOM ................................ 2 TABLE 3-1. QUANTITY OF TREATED AND INFILTRATING WW IN THE STUDY AREA. .............................................................. 10 TABLE 3-2. PROJECTED POPULATION GROWTH IN BALQA REGION AND AL-SALT CITY .......................................................... 12 TABLE 3-3. OVERVIEW OF THE DEVELOPED SCENARIOS AND THE APPLICABLE AREAS ............................................................ 15 TABLE 3-4. INITIAL NUMBERS RELATED TO THE SEWER NETWORK IN EACH CLUSTER............................................................. 22 TABLE 3-5.SUMMARY OF PUMPING STATIONS FOR CENTRALIZED SCENARIO. ..................................................................... 24 TABLE 3-6: SUMMARY OF COST CALCULATION OF THE SCENARIOS FOR THE URBAN AREA AL-SALT .......................................... 27 TABLE 3-7: SUMMARY OF COST CALCULATION OF THE SCENARIOS FOR THE RURAL AND SUBURBAN AREAS ............................... 28 Roll-out investment project for regional implementation of DWWT&R systems 1 1 DELIVERABLE 3.3 – ROLL-OUT INVESTMENT PROJECT FOR REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION OF DWWT&R SYSTEMS For over three decades Jordan is facing serious and aggravating challenges in the water and wastewater sector resulting from increasing water scarcity