Pg. 26 December 18, 2015 Sanitation Service MAILING ADDRESS Delivery in West Africa: PO Box 900922 Seattle, WA 98109 USA Report to PSI on ADDRESS Product Scan Findings 2201 Westlake Avenue Suite 200 Seattle, WA, USA Benin TEL: 206.285.3500 FAX: 206.285.6619 www.path.org For internal use only –not for external distribution. PATH | Product Scan Findings | Benin | 2015 Table of Contents Acknowledgments............................................................................................................................... iii Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................ iv Background .......................................................................................................................................... 1 Study objectives ............................................................................................................................... 1 Frameworks.......................................................................................................................................... 1 Improved sanitation: the Joint Monitoring Programme sanitation technology ladder .................... 2 The Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology sanitation service chain ............. 2 Methods................................................................................................................................................ 5 Research activities ........................................................................................................................... 5 Site selection .................................................................................................................................... 5 Sampling .......................................................................................................................................... 6 Data collection and tools .................................................................................................................. 6 Confidentiality and informed consent .............................................................................................. 6 Data synthesis and analysis .............................................................................................................. 6 Findings................................................................................................................................................ 7 Existing products and technologies: sanitation and FSM ................................................................ 7 End user needs and preferences: sanitation and FSM .................................................................... 10 Storage/containment and emptying............................................................................................ 11 Other considerations .................................................................................................................. 13 Public latrine blocks ....................................................................................................................... 13 Landlords and rental housing ......................................................................................................... 14 Findings from FSM interviews and site visits ............................................................................... 15 Fecal sludge removal service provision ..................................................................................... 16 Fecal sludge supply chains......................................................................................................... 17 Fecal sludge treatment facilities................................................................................................. 19 Other waste management ........................................................................................................... 20 Supply chains ................................................................................................................................. 22 Market visits............................................................................................................................... 22 Key informant interviews .......................................................................................................... 25 Analysis.............................................................................................................................................. 26 Product development recommendations along the sanitation service chain .................................. 31 Next steps ........................................................................................................................................... 32 Appendix: List of maps ...................................................................................................................... 33 References .......................................................................................................................................... 36 For internal use only –not for external distribution. PATH | Product Scan Findings | Benin | 2015 Acknowledgments The work described in this report was made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this report are the sole responsibility of PSI and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. For internal use only –not for external distribution. PATH | Product Scan Findings | Benin | 2015 Acronyms ABMS Association Béninoise pour le Marketing Social et la Communication pour la Santé CFA Central African Franc CISE-SARL Compagnie d’Ingénierie Sociale et Environnmentale DCAM Bethesda Développement Communautaire et Assainissement du Milieu Bethesda DGA Direction Générale de l’Assainissement DGE Directorate General of Environment (Direction Générale de l’Environement DHAB Direction de l’Hygiène et de l’Assainissement de Base DNSP Direction Nationale de la Santé Publique (National Directorate of Public Health) Eawag Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology FS fecal sludge FSM fecal sludge management IBP Industrie Béninoise des Plastiques JMP Joint Monitoring Programme (WHO and UNICEF) MDG Millennium Development Goal NGO nongovernmental organization PLB public latrine block PSI Population Services International PVC polyvinyl chloride SDGs Sustainable Development Goals SIBEAU Société Industrielle d’équipment et Assainissement Urbain SONEB Société Nationale des Eaux du Bénin (National Water Company of Benin) SSD Sanitation Service Delivery UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund USAID United States Agency for International Development VTO vacuum truck operator WHO World Health Organization WSUP Water & Sanitation for the Urban Poor For internal use only –not for external distribution. PATH | Product Scan Findings | Benin | 2015 Background The West Africa Sanitation Service Delivery (SSD) project is a USAID-funded five-year grant for Population Services International (PSI), PATH, and Water & Sanitation for the Urban Poor (WSUP) to improve sanitation outcomes through developing and testing scalable, market-based models in Ghana, Benin, and Côte d’Ivoire that increase access to improved sanitation and fecal sludge management (FSM) and contribute to structural change within West Africa’s sanitation sector. PATH’s role in the SSD project is to apply its expertise in product development, as well as financing, to accelerate market-based solutions and build partner capacity in these two technical areas across the project countries. PATH’s product development activities are designed to support the development of new business models and the scaling of appropriate and affordable sanitation solutions in Ghana, Benin, and Côte d’Ivoire. The objectives of the product development work are as follows: Develop and validate new and/or improved latrine designs. Develop and validate new and/or improved FSM options/products. Contribute to SSD knowledge management and dissemination activities. This report provides an overview of the product scan in Benin and includes a summary of findings, a discussion of potential product development opportunities, and recommendations for next steps. Study objectives The first step in the product development process is a product scan, which was conducted in Benin in October 2015. PATH also conducted product scans in Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana in June 2015. In Ghana, we concentrated on identifying sanitation technologies, products, and services that could potentially be adopted in and/or adapted for Côte d’Ivoire and Benin. The product scan in Benin focused on the following questions: Existing facilities and services: What products/technologies are currently being used (from end user interface through storage, transport, and treatment to processed fecal sludge [FS] use and/or disposal)? End user needs: What do end users want/need around sanitation and FSM technologies? Supply chain: Where and how are these products/technologies being manufactured, serviced, and sold? Opportunities and actions: What, if any, opportunities are there for product adaptation/adoption, replication, and/or trial? And, what are the best next steps? Frameworks The study team framed the findings, opportunities, and recommendations from the product scan activities using existing frameworks used from the sanitation sector. These frameworks provide a structure for understanding national and