H−Sphere Sysadmin Guide Welcome to the H−Sphere Sysadmin guide. It aims at system administrators and explains how to install, configure and maintain H−Sphere and its components. H−Sphere Installation • Preparing Servers • H−Sphere Installation • Package List • Post−Installation Reference General Info • Adding Servers • Adding Services • Restarting Services (11 May) * Restart H−Sphere * Restart H−Sphere System Database * Restart Web Server * Restart Mail Server * Restart Winbox (IIS) * Restart PostgreSQL * Restart MySQL • Used Software • Migrating Control Panel • Updating Linux * Trustix SWUP * RedHat up2date * Apt−Get • Upgrading Perl Modules H−Sphere Sysadmin Guide © Copyright 1998−2005. Positive Software Corporation. All rights reserved. 1 • FreeBSD Kernel Update • Fixing Quota • Server Time Synchronization (06 Apr) • Cron Scripts • Traffic Calculation • Script Runner Update Backup And Recovery • Backing Up H−Sphere (16 Dec) • Recovering Control Panel (15 Nov) • Recreating Unix Hosted Servers (16 Dec) • Recovering Unix Hosted Services (16 Dec) • Restoring HS System DB From Backup • Fixing Crashed HS Database High Availability Setup • LoadBalanced Web Master Recovery (08 Aug 2005) • LoadBalanced Web Slave Recovery (08 Aug 2005) • NetApp Configuration (18 Jul) • Upgrading H−Sphere On NetApp Servers (21 Dec) Control Panel Server • CP Server Configuration * Logging Into CP Server As cpanel User * Logging Into H−Sphere System Database • Tomcat Configuration H−Sphere Sysadmin Guide © Copyright 1998−2005. Positive Software Corporation. All rights reserved. 2 • CP Cron Jobs • Java Command Line Tools (21 June) • Upgrading Java (03 Jun) • CP SSL • Converting System Database • Upgrading HS Database • Converting HS Database To UNICODE (6 Apr) • CP Acceleration • Removing Broken DNS zones • Changing CP URL (before v.2.4) • IP Migration (24 May) • CP Server Migration (26 Jan) • SSH Key Generation • PGP Encryption in Trouble Tickets Web Server • Web Server Configuration • Chili!Soft ASP Installation • mod_perl Installation • Zend Optimizer Installation • PHP Installation • Apache Compilation (06 Jan) • PHP Compilation • PHP Safe Mode Configuration • PHP Imap Compilation • Fixing FrontPage Extensions • Adding Directories for User Homes H−Sphere Sysadmin Guide © Copyright 1998−2005. Positive Software Corporation. All rights reserved. 3 Windows Server • Winbox Pre−Installation • Winbox Installation • Winbox Directory Structure • Winbox Shared SSL • Winbox Statistics • WebShell4 Installation • FrontPage 5.0 Installation • MS SQL Server Installation • Moving MS SQL • ODBC Resource • Cold Fusion Installation • ASP.NET Support • Moving Log Files • Removing Old Log Files • Back Up Windows • Recovering Winbox • Recovering Winbox Quota • Migrating Winbox • Moving User Homes • HShome Maintenance (22 June) • Winbox IP Migration • Changing hsadmin Login and Password • Uninstalling Winbox Commercial Third Party Products • Miva Installation for Unix • Miva Installation for Unix (v.2.3 RC 3 and older) • Miva Installation for Windows • Miva Resource From The Inside • Urchin 4&5 Installation for Unix H−Sphere Sysadmin Guide © Copyright 1998−2005. Positive Software Corporation. All rights reserved. 4 • Urchin 4&5 Installation for Windows • Urchin 4&5 Database Utilities • RealServer Installation for Unix • RealServer Config File Example DNS Server • DNS Server Configuration • Restarting Named (11 May) • Bind 9.3 (11 May) • Adding DNS Boxes • Single DNS Configuration • MyDNS Installation and Configuration • DNS migration from BIND to MyDNS • Altering Virtual Host Configuration • Moving DNS • DNS Creator • NAT Support Mail Server • Introduction (17 May) • Mail Service (17 May) • Webmail (17 May) • IMAP Server (17 May) • Installation/Upgrade From Sources (17 May) • Mail Server Roles • Blocking IPs on Mail Servers • Qmail Configuration • SPF and SRS (05 Apr) • RulesDuJour (05 Apr) • Moving Mail Service (09 Feb) • Moving Mail Accounts H−Sphere Sysadmin Guide © Copyright 1998−2005. Positive Software Corporation. All rights reserved. 5 • Mail Traffic Calculation • Mail before H−Sphere 2.4 • SpamGuard Setup (11 Nov) MySQL & PGSQL Servers • MySQL Server • Enabling Linked Tables in phpMyAdmin • Changing MySQL Root Password • Moving MySQL • PostgreSQL Server • Changing Postgres User Password • PostgreSQL Localization Migrating Users And Plans • Migrating Users Into H−Sphere • Creating Migration XMLs in H−Sphere * DTD Structure of User XML Migration File * DTD Structure of Reseller XML Migration File • Creating Migration XMLs outside H−Sphere * Migrating Users From CPanel • Migrating Plans with XML Virtual Private Servers • VPS Concept • VPS Releases (22 Jun) • VPS Host Installation (22 Jun) H−Sphere Sysadmin Guide © Copyright 1998−2005. Positive Software Corporation. All rights reserved. 6 • VPS Upgrade (22 Jun) • Backing Up H−Sphere VPS (19 Jan) • VPS Network Gateways (17 Dec) • VPS Scripts (22 Jun) * H−Sphere VPS Configuration Parameters • VPS Templates • Building H−Sphere VPS • FreeVPS Quota • FreeVPS Kernel • FreeVPS Tools • Building FreeVPS Kernel • Building FreeVPS Tools Preparing Servers for H−Sphere Installation The purpose of this document is to provide comprehensive information on how to prepare Linux and Unix servers for the installation of H−Sphere components by the Positive Software team or by customers themselves. It covers the following topics: • Supported Operating Systems • Hardware Requirements • Single−Server and Multi−Server Installation ♦ General Considerations ♦ Sample 1/2/3−Server Configurations ♦ HDD Partitioning • Requirements ♦ OpenSSH ♦ Disk Quota ♦ Ports (Firewall Configuration) ♦ DNS Server ♦ Perl ♦ Make ♦ Command−Line URL Download Utility (wget or fetch) H−Sphere Sysadmin Guide © Copyright 1998−2005. Positive Software Corporation. All rights reserved. 7 ♦ compat3x (FreeBSD only) ♦ SELinux Must Be Off (Linux only) • Remove Impeding Packages Please also read the following: • Winbox Pre−installation Guide • H−Sphere Requirements (Overview) Note: We don't install H−Sphere on live servers and we don't take responsibility if your functional services go down during the H−Sphere installation. Supported Operating Systems Before requesting H−Sphere installation, make sure to install one of the following 32−bit operating systems. We don't support installations on 64−bit architecture OS. Trustix Secure Linux Trustix Secure Linux Since H−Sphere 2.2 2.4.2 Patch 4 Trustix Secure Since H−Sphere Enterprise Linux 2.4.1 Patch 1 release 2 RedHat Linux 7.2, 7.3 Fresh installs are not performed but existing installations are supported RedHat Enterprise Linux (WS, ES, AS) up to 3.0 In all H−Sphere versions since 2.4 4.0 H−Sphere Sysadmin Guide © Copyright 1998−2005. Positive Software Corporation. All rights reserved. 8 Since H−Sphere 2.4.2 Patch 4 White Box Enterprise Linux 3.0 Since H−Sphere 2.4.2 4 Since H−Sphere 2.4.3 Patch 1 CentOS 3.1, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5 In all H−Sphere versions since 2.4 4, 4.1 Since H−Sphere 2.4.3 Patch 1 FreeBSD 4.8, 4.9, 4.10 Fresh installs are not performed but existing installations are supported 4.11 ** H−Sphere 2.4.3 RC 2 and up for all servers, including CP server H−Sphere 2.4.2 − 2.4.3 RC 1 for all servers, except for CP server 5.3 *** H−Sphere 2.4.2 and up for all servers, except for CP server H−Sphere Sysadmin Guide © Copyright 1998−2005. Positive Software Corporation. All rights reserved. 9 5.4 *** H−Sphere 2.4.3 Patch 1 and up for all servers, except for CP server WARNING: * H−Sphere versions before 2.4 are no longer supported! We only perform updates from these versions to the latest stable H−Sphere version. ** Starting with version 2.4.3 RC 2 H−Sphere includes Java 1.4.2 for FreeBSD 4.x. Now CP server can be installed on FreeBSD 4.x. In H−Sphere versions earlier than 2.4.3 RC 2, we don't recommend installing CP server on FreeBSD 4.x due to some problems with Java 1.3.1 implementation *** Don't install CP server on FreeBSD 5.x! FreeBSD 5.x does not provide proper support for Java! You may also want to read a related discussion in our forum. Hardware Requirements If you are going to install H−Sphere to only one computer, make sure it is at least Pentium III, 500MHz CPU and 512MB RAM. This will allow to host only a small number of customers. Adding SiteStudio will require at least 1000MHz CPU and 1GB RAM. Single−Server and Multi−Server Installation General Considerations H−Sphere can be installed on one or more servers. The required number of servers and their hardware configuration will largely depend on the number of accounts you are planning to host, Web and mail quotas, traffic load and other related factors. H−Sphere Sysadmin Guide © Copyright 1998−2005. Positive Software Corporation. All rights reserved. 10 Here are some general considerations common to H−Sphere server environment: 1. We recommend installing Control Panel (CP) to a separate server. It is also acceptable to install one DNS server to the CP server box, for example, if you are planning 2−server installation. 2. You must not install PostgreSQL hosting service on the same box with Control Panel, as the latter requires a separate PostgreSQL server for its system database. 3. You can have several DNS servers on one box. However, for multiserver H−Sphere installation, you should install each DNS server on a separate box. The best solution is to have two DNS servers on separate boxes. More on DNS servers 4. We advise installing mail server on the same box with MySQL server, as mail server requires its own MySQL database. 5. It is reasonable to allocate separate physical servers for the most resource−consuming services. Usually, these are Web and mail servers, but sometimes it may be MySQL and PostgreSQL. According to these recommendations, the following 4−server installation may be an optimal solution: • Server 1: Control Panel (with the system PostgreSQL database); • Server 2: Web1 + DNS1; • Server 3: Mail + MySQL1 (user DB) + DNS2; • Server 4: PostgreSQL (user DB) + MySQL2 (user DB). Later on, you may add more boxes to your system, as your needs grow: • Server 5: Web2; • Server 6: Mail2 (with its own MySQL DB); ... Sample 1/2/3−Server Configurations Below are sample 1/2/3−server H−Sphere installations with preferable partitioning schemes outlined.