Navigating the New Globalization: Local Actions for Global Challenges Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Public Policy Conference 2019 Navigating the New Globalization: Local Actions for Global Challenges Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Public Policy Conference 2019 Philippine Institute for Development Studies Surian sa mga Pag-aaral Pangkaunlaran ng Pilipinas Copyright 2020 Published by Philippine Institute for Development Studies Printed in the Philippines. Some rights reserved The views expressed in these proceedings are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of any individual or organization. Please address all inquiries to: Philippine Institute for Development Studies 18th Floor, Three Cyberpod Centris - North Tower EDSA corner Quezon Avenue, 1100 Quezon City Telephone: (63-2) 88774000 Fax: (63-2) 88774099 E-mail: [email protected] Website: https://www.pids.gov.ph This volume is published annually and is under the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License. It shall not be used for commercial purposes. Anyone can use, reuse, distribute, and build upon this material as long as proper attribution is made. ISSN 2546-1761 RP 07-20-1000 Editorial and production team: Sheila V. Siar (editor and overall coordinator), Gizelle Manuel (assistant copyeditor and layout artist), Jocelyn Almeda (editorial assistant and liaison), and Rejinel Valencia (editorial assistant) Table of Contents List of Tables and Figures ....................................................................................................................................................... xii Foreword ..................................................................................................................................................................................... xiii Preface ........................................................................................................................................................................................... xv Acknowledgment .....................................................................................................................................................................xvii List of Acronyms ...................................................................................................................................................................... xix About the Conference .......................................................................................................................................................... xxiii OPENING SESSION Opening Remarks ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Celia Reyes Keynote Message ....................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Ernesto Pernia MORNING PLENARY: Understanding the New Globalization Session Opener .........................................................................................................................................................................10 Coco Alcuaz 1 | The Globotics Upheaval: Globalization, Robotics, and the Future of Work .........................................11 Richard Edwin Baldwin Summary ...............................................................................................................................................................................11 Globotics ..............................................................................................................................................................................11 Is this time different? ........................................................................................................................................................12 Coming in ways few expect ............................................................................................................................................14 Future globalization: Telemigration ..............................................................................................................................14 Future of work: The long-run ........................................................................................................................................15 What can’t globots do? ......................................................................................................................................................16 Managing the transition ...................................................................................................................................................16 2 | Competing in the New Era of Globalization ......................................................................................................17 Calum Cameron Summary ...............................................................................................................................................................................17 The challenge of competing for citizens and businesses ........................................................................................17 Thinking as start-ups and digitizing cores ...................................................................................................................18 What if governments could think the same way? Experiment the same way? .................................................18 The beginning of the digital economy in Estonia ....................................................................................................18 Embracing challenges .......................................................................................................................................................19 Data decentralization ........................................................................................................................................................19 A look from the inside .....................................................................................................................................................20 vi Enabling policies ................................................................................................................................................................20 Ease of doing business ....................................................................................................................................................20 Engineering mindset .........................................................................................................................................................21 Seven principles of digital society .................................................................................................................................21 e-Residency ..........................................................................................................................................................................21 How might we? ..................................................................................................................................................................22 3 | Defending Philippine Sovereign Rights in the West Philippine Sea .........................................................23 Antonio Carpio Summary ...............................................................................................................................................................................23 The importance of the South China Sea ....................................................................................................................23 China’s false historical narrative to claim sovereignty over the South China Sea ..............................................24 China’s creeping expansion in the South China Sea from 1946 to 2017 ............................................................. 25 The Philippines and China are not separated by a “narrow body of water” ..................................................... 26 Zheng He never reached the Philippines ....................................................................................................................26 China never owned or controlled the South China Sea throughout its history .................................................27 Expansion of the southernmost territory of China started only in 1932 .......................................................... 29 Philippine sovereignty over the Spratlys and Scarborough Shoal .........................................................................31 Reaction 1 ....................................................................................................................................................................................33 Erlinda Medalla No stopping globalization ................................................................................................................................................33 Multilevel changes .............................................................................................................................................................33 Slowly but surely ................................................................................................................................................................34 Reaction 2 ....................................................................................................................................................................................35