Buffalo Booms 1825 - 1901 Wedding of the Waters 1830s: Rapid Growth 1830 city population: 8,668 1832: City incorporated 1833: Buffalo Lighthouse built 1834: 80,000 people pass through Buffalo heading west 1838: Army establishes Poinsett Barracks 1840 city population: 18,213 1842: Joseph Dart Millard Fillmore Born 1800 Moved to Buffalo, 1830 UB Chancellor, 1846 Elected VP under Zachary Taylor, 1848 President, 1850-1852 First president, Buffalo Historical Society First president, Buffalo Club Died 1874 St. Paul’s Cathedral Congregation established 1817 1849: Current building built Designed by Richard Upjohn Upjohn: Trinity Church, 1846 Gothic Revival 1888: Fire destroys interior; redone by Charles Gibson Significance: First major example of a nationally significant architect being brought to Buffalo for a major commission Bishop Timon & St. Joseph’s Cathedral Central Wharf, 1850s Buffalo, 1853 Canal District William G. Fargo 1818-1881 1844: Express line to Cleveland 1851: Express to Pacific, Wells Fargo formed Mayor 1862-63 & 1864-65 American Express Anthony Trollope, North America, 1862 “I began to know what it was for a country to overflow with milk and honey, to burst with its own fruits, and to be smothered by its own riches.” Railroads Forest Lawn Cemetery 1868: Frederick Law Olmsted Olmsted Parks & Parkways • Delaware Park • Front Park • Martin Luther King Park • Cazenovia Park • South Park • Riverside Park Henry Hobson Richardson Buffalo, circa 1875 1869-1871: Samuel Clemens in Buffalo Managing Editor, Buffalo Express Lives at 472 Delaware Avenue, wedding gift from father-in-law Learn more: Scribblin’ for a Livin’: Mark Twain’s Pivotal Years in Buffalo, by Tom Reigstad 1873: St. Stanislaus Parish Joseph Bork Present Building: 1882-1886 Mother Church of Polonia: 1887 – St. Adalbert’s 1890 – St. John Kanty 1893 – Transfiguration 1898 – Corpus Christi 1908 – St. Luke’s 1913 – Queen of the Most Holy Rosary Breweries 1875: Larkin Soap Co. Formed 1883: Belt Line Railroad 1889: Elmwood Avenue Streetcar Line Grover Cleveland 1837-1908 1855: arrives in Buffalo 1870: Erie County Sheriff 1882-1883: Mayor of Buffalo 1883-1885: NY Governor 1885-1889: 22nd President 1886: Marries Frances Folsom 1893-1897: 24th President 1893: Elbert Hubbard leaves Larkin Eastern Elevator – 1895-1900 Perils of Wood Grain Elevators Great Northern Elevator Great Northern Elevator Electric Elevator, 1897 Saloon Boss System Dock Strike of 1899 Downtown Emerges 1892: Market Arcade 1892: Dun Building 1896: Ellicott Square Building 1896: Guaranty Building 1901: Buffalo Savings Bank Green & Wicks Edward Brodhead Green: 1855-1950 William Sydney Wicks: 1854-1919 1897: First Presbyterian Church Oldest congregation in Buffalo (1812) Moves to “The Circle” in 1891 Green & Wicks Richardsonian Romanesque Tower completed, 1897 Louise Bethune 1884: Metcalfe House 1895: Williams Mansions 1889 – 1895: Delaware Midway July 4, 1899 Lackawanna Steel Lackawanna Steel 1900 in Buffalo Population: 352,000 ◦ Eighth largest in America 60 millionaires live in Buffalo ◦ Most per capita of any city in America 200 miles of paved asphalt roads – most in America Second largest railroad terminus in America ◦ First was Chicago Largest grain port in the world; 2nd largest milling city The Pan-American Exposition BUFFALO ON DISPLAY TO THE WORLD Pan-American Exposition City of Light Larkin at Pan-American At this time, the Larkin Company has approximately $30 million in annual revenue Pan-American Exposition Put Buffalo on grand display for over 8 million visitors .