World Psychiatry OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE WORLD PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION (WPA) WPA Volume 19, Number 2 June 2020 EDITORIALS Cannabis and public health: a global experiment 192 without control Addressing mental health needs: an integral 129 J. REHM, J. MANTHEY part of COVID-19 response T. ADHANOM GHEBREYESUS Being thoughtful about cannabis legalization 194 and social equity Psychiatry in the age of COVID-19 130 B. KILMER, E. KILMER NEEL J. UNÜTZER, R.J. KIMMEL, M. SNOWDEN The effects of recreational cannabis legalization 195 SPECIAL ARTICLES might depend upon the policy model R. QUEIROLO What is resilience: an affiliative neuroscience 132 Legalizing recreational cannabis use: a promising 196 approach journey into the unknown ELDMAN R. F J.C. VAN OURS Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of 151 Assessing the public health effects of cannabis 197 Psychopathology (HiTOP): I. Psychosis use: can legalization improve the evidence base? superspectrum M. HICKMAN, L.A. HINES, S.H. GAGE R. KOTOV, K.G. JONAS, W.T. CARPENTER ET AL RESEARCH REPORTS PERSPECTIVES Association of preceding psychosis risk states and 199 The application of implementation science 173 non-psychotic mental disorders with incidence to community mental health of clinical psychosis in the general population: L.B. DIXON, S.R. PATEL a prospective study in the NEMESIS-2 cohort School mental health: a necessary component 174 S. GULOKSUZ, L.-K. PRIES, M. TEN HAVE ET AL of youth mental health policy and plans The general factor of psychopathology: a 206 S. KUTCHER, Y. WEI comparison with the general factor of intelligence Intergenerational psychiatry: a new look at a 175 with respect to magnitude and predictive validity powerful perspective E. PETTERSSON, H. LARSSON, B.M. D’ONOFRIO ET AL C.S. DUARTE, C. MONK, M.M. WEISSMAN ET AL Safety of 80 antidepressants, antipsychotics, 214 Experimental approaches to social disconnection 177 anti-attention-deficit/hyperactivity medications in the general community: can we learn from and mood stabilizers in children and adolescents schizophrenia research? with psychiatric disorders: a large scale systematic M.F. GREEN, J. LEE, J.K. WYNN meta-review of 78 adverse effects M. SOLMI, M. FORNARO, E.G. OSTINELLI ET AL FORUM – ASSESSING THE PUBLIC HEALTH EFFECTS OF THE LEGALIZATION OF REAPPRAISAL RECREATIONAL CANNABIS USE Transdiagnostic clinical staging in youth mental 233 Assessing the public health impacts of legalizing 179 health: a first international consensus statement recreational cannabis use: the US experience J.L. SHAH, J. SCOTT, P.D. MCGORRY ET AL W. HALL, M. LYNSKEY Commentaries INSIGHTS The role of countertransference in contemporary 243 Considering the health and social welfare impacts 187 psychiatric treatment of non-medical cannabis legalization G.O. GABBARD B. FISCHER, C. BULLEN, H. ELDER ET AL Psychotherapy supervision: an ever-evolving 244 To legalize or not to legalize cannabis, that is the 188 signature pedagogy question! C.E. WATKINS JR M. DI FORTI The unified protocol for transdiagnostic 245 Mapping and mitigating the health risks of 189 treatment of emotional disorders legalizing recreational cannabis use: a call for D.H. BARLOW, B.A. HARRIS, E.H. EUSTIS ET AL synergy between research and policy E. HOCH, V. LORENZETTI Can we help more? 246 R.B. JARRETT Recreational cannabis legalization presents 191 an opportunity to reduce the harms of the US medical cannabis industry LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 248 K. HUMPHREYS, C.L. SHOVER WPA NEWS 256 IMPACT FACTOR: 34.024 ISSN 1723-8617 The World Psychiatric Association (WPA) World Psychiatry The WPA is an association of national psychiatric societies World Psychiatry is the official journal of the World Psychia- aimed to increase knowledge and skills necessary for work in tric Association. It is published in three issues per year and is the field of mental health and the care for the mentally ill. Its sent free of charge to psychiatrists whose names and addresses member societies are presently 140, spanning 120 different are provided by WPA member societies and sections. countries and representing more than 200,000 psychiatrists. Research Reports containing unpublished data are wel- The WPA organi zes the World Congress of Psychiatry come for submission to the journal. They should be subdivided every year. It also organizes international and regional con- into four sections (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion). gresses and meetings, and thematic conferences. It has 72 References should be numbered consecutively in the text and scientific sections, aimed to disseminate information and listed at the end according to the following style: promote collaborative work in specific domains of psychiatry. 1. Cuijpers P, Sijbrandij M, Koole SL et al. Adding psychother- It has produced several educational programmes and series apy to antidepressant medication in depression and anx- of books. It has developed ethical guidelines for psychiatric iety disorders: a meta-analysis. World Psychiatry 2014;13: practice, including the Madrid Declaration (1996). 56-67. Further information on the WPA can be found on the web- 2. McRae TW. The impact of computers on accounting. Lon- site www.wpanet.org. don: Wiley, 1964. 3. Fraeijs de Veubeke B. Displacement and equilibrium mod- els in the finite element method. In: Zienkiewicz OC, WPA Executive Committee Hollister GS (eds). Stress analysis. London: Wiley, 1965:145- President – H. Herrman (Australia) 97. President-Elect – A. Javed (UK/Pakistan) All submissions should be sent to the office of the Editor. Secretary General – R.A. Kallivayalil (India) Secretary for Finances – A. Soghoyan (Armenia) Editor – M. Maj (Italy). Secretary for Meetings – M. Takeda (Japan) Editorial Board – H. Herrman (Australia), A. Javed (UK/Paki- Secretary for Education – R. Ng (Hong Kong-China) stan), R.A. Kallivayalil (India), A. Soghoyan (Armenia), M. Secretary for Publications – M. Botbol (France) Takeda (Japan), R. Ng (Hong Kong-China), M. Botbol (France), Secretary for Sections – T.G. Schulze (Germany) T.G. Schulze (Germany). Advisory Board – H.S. Akiskal (USA), R.D. Alarcón (USA), D. WPA Secretariat Bhugra (UK), J.A. Costa e Silva (Brazil), J. Cox (UK), M. Jorge Geneva University Psychiatric Hospital, 2 Chemin du Petit (Brazil), H. Katschnig (Austria), F. Lieh-Mak (Hong Kong- Bel-Air, 1225 Chêne-Bourg, Geneva, Switzerland. Phone: China), F. Lolas (Chile), J.E. Mezzich (USA), D. Moussaoui +41223055737; Fax: +41223055735; E-mail: wpasecretariat@ (Morocco), P. Munk-Jorgensen (Denmark), F. Njenga (Kenya), wpanet.org. A. Okasha (Egypt), J. Parnas (Denmark), V. Patel (India), P. Ruiz (USA), N. Sartorius (Switzerland), A. Tasman (USA), S. Tyano (Israel), J. Zohar (Israel). Office of the Editor – Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, 80138 Naples, Italy. Phone: +390815666502; Fax: +390815666523; E-mail: [email protected]. World Psychiatry is indexed in PubMed, Current Contents/Clinical Medicine, Current Contents/Social and Behavioral Sciences, Science Citation Index, and EMBASE. All back issues of World Psychiatry can be downloaded free of charge from the PubMed system (http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/tocrender.fcgi?journal=297&action=archive). EDITORIALS Addressing mental health needs: an integral part of COVID-19 response COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by severe acute res- substance use disorders, while limiting access for those in need piratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). While govern- of services. In many countries, community mental health services ments around the world are acting to contain and end this pan- have stopped functioning. Yet, over 20% of adults over 60 years demic, the strain on health, social and economic systems in all have underlying mental or neurological conditions, which rep- countries is unprecedented. resent a large proportion of people with severe COVID-19 illness. Not only is the COVID-19 pandemic a threat to physical health; Long-term care facilities for people with mental health conditions it also affects mental health. During a crisis it is natural for indi- (e.g., mental hospitals and homes for people with dementia) are viduals to feel fear, sadness and anxiety. Indeed, fear from the places where infections can be especially difficult to control. Care virus is spreading even faster than the virus itself. In the current and protecting human rights of residents at such facilities must be crisis, people can be fearful about becoming ill and dying, los- part of any public health emergency response6. ing livelihoods and loved ones, and being socially excluded and Addressing mental health in public health emergencies is vi- separated from families and caregivers. People who test positive tal. Both are critical to the movement for universal health cover- for COVID-19 have to cope with anxiety about their condition, age. As expressed through the dictum “No health without mental physical discomfort, separation from loved ones, isolation, and health”, poor mental health is associated with reduced adherence possibly stigma. to physical health interventions7. A psychosocial lens helps in im- Many people in the world are suffering from loss of livelihoods proving any emergency programming, including public health and opportunities. Those who have loved ones affected by COV- ones. In such emergencies, psychological factors in the affected ID-19 are facing worry and separation. Some people turn to al- population play a key role in their readiness to comply with public cohol, drugs or potentially