S. TSUBAKI et al. Food Sci. Technol. Res., 15 (3), 315–324, 2009 References pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Bioresour. Technol., 96, Adam, D. (2003). Out of the kitchen. Nature, 421, 571-572. 673-686. Potentiation of the Response of GABAA Receptors by Bangladeshi Medicinal Plants $NL\D16DYDJH3( 5ROHVRIZDWHUIRUFKHPLFDOUHDF- 2NXER.,LMLPD0.RED\DVKL<<RVKLNRVKL08FKLGD7 tions in high-temperature water. Chem. Rev., 102, 2725-2750. .XGRX6 &RPSRQHQWVUHVSRQVLEOHIRUWKHXQGHVLUDEOH 1 2 4 1 4 $]XPD-7DQDND).RVKLMLPD7 (QKDQFHPHQWRIHQ- taste of soybean seeds. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 56, 99-103. Sanzida MUBASSARA , Sheikh Julfikar HOSSAIN , Firoj AHMED , Makie YAMAMOTO , Nobusuke TAN and 1* ]\PDWLFVXVFHSWLELOLW\RIOLJQRFHOOXORVLFZDVWHVE\PLFURZDYH 2RNXVKL<6DNDPRWR0$]XPD- 2SWLPL]DWLRQRI Hitoshi AOSHIMA irradiation. J. Ferment. Technol., 62, 377-384. microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from fruiting 'XERLV0*LOOHV.$+DPLOWRQ-.5HEHUV3$6PLWK) body of mushrooms. J Appl. Glycosci., 53, 267-272. 1 Applied Molecular Bioscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan &RORULPHWULFPHWKRGIRUGHWHUPLQDWLRQRIVXJDUVDQGUH- 2¶7RRO'. &KDUDFWHULVWLFVDQGXVHRIRNDUDWKHVR\EHDQ 2 Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh lated substances. Anal. Chem., 28, 350-356. residue from soy milk production-a review. J. Agric. Food Chem., 3 Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh )ROLQ2'HQLV: $FRORULPHWULFPHWKRGIRUWKHGHWHU- 47, 363-371. 4 Exercise and Health Science, Faculty of Education, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan mination of phenols (and phenol derivatives) in urine. J. Biol. 3DUHMR,3HWUDNLV&.HIDODV3 $WUDQVLWLRQPHWDOHQ- Chem., 22, 305-308. hanced luminol chemiluminescence in the presence of a chelator. Received October 23, 2008; Accepted February 26, 2009 .DUU/LOLHQWKDO/..DG]HUH&7*ULHVKRS&0)DKH\-U*& J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods, 43, 183-190. &KHPLFDODQGQXWULWLRQDOSURSHUWLHVRIVR\EHDQFDUERK\- 3HUUHX[//RXS\$ $WHQWDWLYHUDWLRQDOL]DWLRQRIPL- As part of the search for new sources of mental health supplements, alcohol extracts of 11 Bangladeshi drates as related to nonruminants: a review. Livest. Prod. Sci., 97, crowave effects in organic synthesis according to the reaction medicinal fruits and plants were investigated for neuropharmacological effects in mice and on ionotropic 1-12. medium, and mechanistic considerations. Tetrahedron, 57, 9199- γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAA receptors). The extracts of S. caseolaris, T. bellirica, S. cumini, .DVDL10XUDWD$,QXL+6DNDPRWR7.DKQ5, 9223. and T. arjuna significantly potentiated the GABA-induced response of GABAA receptors expressed in (P]\PDWLFKLJKGLJHVWLRQRIVR\PLONUHVLGXH RNDUD J. Agric. Quitain, A.T., Oro, K., Katoh, S., Moriyoshi, T. (2006). Recovery of Xenopus oocytes, though the extracts alone induced no response. In mice, administration of these extracts Food Chem., 52, 5709-5716. RLOFRPSRQHQWRIRNDUDE\HWKDQROPRGL¿HGVXSHUFULWLFDOFDUERQ prolonged pentobarbital-induced sleeping time. Potentiation of GABAA receptor response reportedly .XGRX6)OHXU\<:HOWL'0DJQRODWR'8FKLGD7.LWD- dioxide extraction. Bioresour. Technol., 97, 1509-1514. generates anxiolytic, sedative, sleep-inducing and anesthetic activities in the human brain. Thus, these mura, K., Okubo, K. (1991). Malonyl isoflavone glycosides in 5RVWDJQR0$3DOPD0%DUURVR&* 0LFURZDYHDV- extracts may have potential regarding the development of a supplement with tranquilizing and sleep- soybean seeds (Glycine max Merril). Agric. Biol. Chem., 55, VLVWHGH[WUDFWLRQRIVR\LVRÀDYRQHVAnal. Chim. Acta, 588, 274- inducing effects that is beneficial for mental health. 2227-33. 282. /LGVWU|P37LHUQH\-:DWKH\%:HVPDQ- 0LFUR- Saeman, J.F., Bubl, J.L., Harris, E.E. (1945). Quantitative sacchari- Keywords: Bangladeshi fruit, GABAA receptor, mangrove tree, pentobarbital-induced sleeping time, tranquilizer wave assisted organic synthesis-a review. Tetrahedron, 57, 9225- ¿FDWLRQRIZRRGDQGFHOOXORVHInd. Eng. Chem., Anal. Ed., 17, 9283. 35-37. +DUDGD2:DNLWD<<RVKLGD.2KDVKL7.XZDWD0)X- Setchell, K.D.R. (1998). Phytoestrogens: the biochemistry, physiol- Introduction sidase and antihistamine release activities of some Bangla- jimura, T. (2004). Subcritical-water treatment of okara and prop- RJ\DQGLPSOLFDWLRQVIRUKXPDQKHDOWKRIVR\LVRÀDYRQHVAm. J. As society ages and the amount of lifestyle-related stress deshi fruits (Hossain et al., 2008). erty of the decomposition products. Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Clin. Nutr., 68 (suppl), 1333S-46S. increases, there is increasing demand for the development Various neurotransmitter receptors are involved in defin- Kogaku Kaishi, 51, 149-154. 6XQ<&KHQJ- +\GURO\VLVRIOLJQRFHOOXORVLFPDWHULDOV of supplements which improve physical and mental health. ing mental state, particularly the ionotropic γ-aminobutyric 0DJDUD.8HNL6$]XPD-.RVKLMLPD7 0LFURZDYH for ethanol production: a review. Bioresour. Technol., 83, 1-11. Therefore, it is important to find new botanical resources for acid receptors (GABAA receptors), which are the main inhib- LUUDGLDWLRQRIOLJQRFHOOXORVLFPDWHULDOV,;&RQYHUVLRQRIPLFUR- 6X]XNL06DNDPRWR5$R\DJL7 5DSLGFDUERK\GUDWH use as active ingredients for supplements or drugs. itory neurotransmitter receptors in the human brain (Hossain wave-irradiated lignocellulose into ethanol. Mokuzai Gakkaishi, analysis of wood pulps by ion chromatography. Tappi J., 78, 174- Over 1000 of the estimated 5000 species of phanerogams et al., 2007). These heteropentamers composed of various α, 34, 462-468. 177. found in Bangladesh, Southeast Asia are regarded as having β, γ, δ and ε subunits were found to be expressed in Xenopus Maunu, S., Liitiä, T., Kauliomäki, S., Hortling, B., Sundquist, J. 7VXEDNL6,LGD+6DNDPRWR0$]XPD- 0LFURZDYH useful chemical constituents (Goni, 2003). A variety of these laevis oocytes (Trauner et al., 2008). The potentiation of the (2000). 13&&30$6105LQYHVWLJDWLRQVRIFHOOXORVHSRO\- heating of tea residue yields polysaccharides, polyphenols, and plants have been used traditionally as astringents, antisep- response of these receptors by drugs such as benzodiazepine, morphs in different pulps. Cellulose, 7, 147-159. plant biopolyester. J. Agric. Food Chem., 56, 11293-11299. tics, tonics, febrifuges and fish poison as they possess active pentobarbital and anesthetics induces tranquilizing, sleep- Messina, M.J. (1999). Legumes and soybeans: overview of their nu- <DPDJXFKL)2WD<+DWDQDND& ([WUDFWLRQDQGSXUL- compounds such as alkaloids, polyphenols, saponins, tanic inducing or anesthetic responses in humans (Nicholls, 1994; WULWLRQDOSUR¿OHVDQGKHDOWKHIIHFWVAm. J. Clin. Nutr., 70 (suppl.), ¿FDWLRQRISHFWLFSRO\VDFFKDULGHVIURPVR\EHDQRNDUDDQGHQ]\- acids, resins, waxes and fragrant compounds (Goni, 2003). Chebib & Johnston, 2000; Harrison et al., 2000). It was 439S-50S. matic analysis of their structures. Carbohydr. Polym., 30, 265- However, despite the consumption and use of these herbs found that fragrant compounds such as terpinen-4-ol, 1-oc- 0RQWJRPHU\'& 5HVSRQVHVXUIDFHPHWKRGVDQGGHVLJQV 273. and fruits, little scientific data clarifying their physiological ten-3-ol, and linalool potentiated the response of GABAA ,Q³'HVLJQDQG$QDO\VLVRI([SHULPHQWVWKHGLWLRQ´-RKQ:LOH\ <X</RX;:X+ 6RPHUHFHQWDGYDQFHVLQK\GURO\VLV activities are available. There is some information available receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes after injection of the DQG6RQV,QF1HZ<RUNSS of biomass in hot-compressed water and its comparisons with relating to their chemical constituents (Goni, 2003; Sadhu, et receptor poly(A)+RNA or cRNA (Aoshima & Hamamoto, Morita, M. (1965). Polysaccharides of soybean seeds Part Ⅰ. Poly- other hydrolysis methods. Energy Fuels., 22, 46-60. al., 2006) and biological properties (Scartezzini et al., 2005; 1999; Aoshima et al., 2001; Aoshima et al., 2006; Hossain et VDFFKDULGHVFRQVWLWXHQWVRI³+RW:DWHU([WUDFW´IUDFWLRQRIVR\- :DQJ+-0XUSK\3$ 0DVVEDODQFHVWXG\RILVRÀDYRQHV Abdille et al., 2004; Lee et al., 2005). Our laboratory has al., 2002a, 2003, 2004, 2007; Hossain et al., 2002b). Initial- bean seeds and an arabinogalactan as its major component. Agr. during soybean processing. J. Agric. Food Chem., 44, 2377-2383. recently reported the antioxidative, antiamylase, antigluco- ly, GABAA receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes injected Biol. Chem., 29, 564-573. :LFNKROP./DUVVRQ37,YHUVRQ7 $VVLJQPHQWRI with rat whole brain mRNA were used for measurements, 0RVLHU1:\PDQ&'DOH%(ODQGHU5/HH<<+ROW]DSSOH QRQFU\VWDOOLQHIRUPVLQFHOOXORVH,E\&30$6 13&105VSHF- *To whom correspondence should be addressed. but fragrances had similar effects on receptor response to M., Ladisch, M. (2005). Features of promising technologies for troscopy. Carbohydr. Res., 312, 123-129.h E-mail: [email protected] that obtained on injecting cRNA of the α1 and β1 subunits 316 S. MUBASSARA et al. of bovine GABAA receptors (Aoshima et al., 2001). The quilizing and sleep-inducing activities. potentiation site for alcohol, anesthetics and pentobarbital is present in GABAA receptors composed of only α and β sub- Materials and Methods units (Mihic et al., 1997; Whiting et al., 2000), though the γ Plant materials The 11 plants investigated in the pres- subunit is necessary for potentiation of the GABAA receptor- ent study and their traditional uses are presented in Table 1. mediated response by benzodiazepine (Gunther et al., 1995). Five of the samples were collected from the world’s larg- GABAA receptors composed of α1 and β1 subunits were used