United States Department of State Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs International Narcotics Control Strategy Report Volume I Drug and Chemical Control March 2017 INCSR 2017 Volume 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents Common Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................. iii International Agreements .......................................................................................................................... v INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Policy and Program Developments ......................................................................................................... 17 Overview ................................................................................................................................................. 18 Methodology for U.S. Government Estimates of Illegal Drug Production ............................................... 24 (with dates ratified/acceded) ................................................................................................................... 30 USG Assistance ..................................................................................................................................... 36 International Training .............................................................................................................................. 38 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) ................................................................................................ 41 United States Coast Guard (USCG) ....................................................................................................... 43 U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) ........................................................................................... 45 Chemical Controls ................................................................................................................................ 48 Significant Illicit Drug Manufacturing Countries ...................................................................................... 73 Country Reports ........................................................................................................................................ 89 Afghanistan ............................................................................................................................................. 90 Albania .................................................................................................................................................... 95 Algeria ..................................................................................................................................................... 96 Argentina 97 Azerbaijan ................................................................................................................................................. 98 Bahamas .............................................................................................................................................................. 99 Belize ...................................................................................................................................................... 104 Benin .................................................................................................................................................... 108 Bolivia .................................................................................................................................................... 109 Bosnia and Herzegovina ....................................................................................................................... 113 Brazil ..................................................................................................................................................... 114 Burma .................................................................................................................................................... 118 Cabo Verde ........................................................................................................................................... 123 Cambodia .............................................................................................................................................. 124 Canada .................................................................................................................................................. 125 China ..................................................................................................................................................... 129 Colombia ............................................................................................................................................... 132 Costa Rica ............................................................................................................................................. 137 Cuba .............................................................................................................................................................. 142 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea ............................................................................................... 143 (DPRK or North Korea) ......................................................................................................................... 143 Dominican Republic .............................................................................................................................. 144 Dutch Caribbean ................................................................................................................................... 148 Eastern Caribbean ................................................................................................................................ 151 Ecuador ................................................................................................................................................. 154 Egypt ..................................................................................................................................................... 159 El Salvador ............................................................................................................................................ 160 Georgia .................................................................................................................................................. 165 Ghana .................................................................................................................................................... 166 Guatemala ............................................................................................................................................. 167 Guinea-Bissau ....................................................................................................................................... 172 Guyana .................................................................................................................................................. 173 Haiti ....................................................................................................................................................... 176 i INCSR 2017 Volume 1 Table of Contents Honduras ............................................................................................................................................... 181 India ....................................................................................................................................................... 186 Indonesia ............................................................................................................................................... 190 Iran ........................................................................................................................................................ 194 Italy ............................................................................................................................................................... 192 Jamaica ....................................................................................................................................................... 193 Kazakhstan............................................................................................................................................ 199 Kyrgyz Republic .............................................................................................................................................. 201 Laos ....................................................................................................................................................... 205 Lebanon ................................................................................................................................................ 210 Liberia ......................................................................................................................................................... 210 Malaysia ......................................................................................................................................................... 213 Mexico ..................................................................................................................................................