8.5" (215.90 mm) 2.125" 2.125" (53.975 mm) (53.975 mm) A068I0 R12/2018 Ultratag™ RBC Table 3. Physical Decay Chart: the directions carefully and adhere to strict aseptic Kit for the preparation of Technetium Tc 99m, Half-Life: 6.02 Hours procedures during preparation. Technetium Tc 99m–Labeled Red Blood Cells Fraction Fraction Rx only Ultratag™ RBC Hours Remaining Hours Remaining The contents of the kit are intended only for use in the preparation of technetium Tc 99m-labeled red KIT FOR THE Diagnostic–For Intravenous Use 0* 1.000 7 0.447 blood cells and are NOT to be administered directly PREPARATION OF to the patient. (69.85 mm) DESCRIPTION 1 0.891 8 0.398 TECHNETIUM Tc 99m− Ultratag™ RBC (kit for the preparation of LABELED RED BLOOD 2.75" technetium Tc 99m-labeled red blood cells) is a 2 0.794 9 0.355 The contents of this kit are not radioactive. After CELLS sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m is added, however, sterile, nonpyrogenic, diagnostic kit for the in vitro 3 0.708 10 0.316 preparation of technetium Tc 99m-labeled red blood adequate shielding of the final preparation must cells. 4 0.631 11 0.282 be maintained. 068 5 0.562 12 0.251 Each kit consists of three separate nonradioactive Technetium Tc 99m-labeled red blood cells must components: 6 0.501 be handled with care to ensure minimum radiation 1. A 10 milliliter reaction vial containing: exposure to the patient, consistent with proper *Calibration Time patient management, and to ensure minimum Stannous Chloride, Dihydrate (SnCl2•2H2O) – radiation exposure to occupational workers. 50 ug minimum CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Stannous Chloride, Dihydrate (SnCl •2H O) – 2 2 In vitro Tc 99m red blood cell labeling is The labeled red blood cells must be reinjected only 96 ug theoretical accomplished by adding 1.0 to 3.0 milliliters of into the patient from whom the blood was drawn. Tin Chloride (Stannous and Stannic), autologous whole blood, anticoagulated with Dihydrate (as SnCl •2H O) – 105 ug 2 2 heparin or Anticoagulant Citrate Dextrose Solution Nuclear medicine procedures involving withdrawal maximum (ACD), to the reaction vial. A portion of the stannous and reinjection of blood have the potential for Sodium Citrate, Dihydrate – 3.67 mg ion in the reaction vial diffuses across the red blood transmission of blood borne pathogens. Procedures Dextrose, Anhydrous – 5.50 mg cell membrane and accumulates intracellularly. The should be implemented to avoid administration in vitro Tc 99m red blood cell labeling efficiency errors and viral contamination of personnel during Prior to lyophilization, the pH is adjusted to 7.1 to can decrease in the presence of excess ACD. blood product labeling. A system of checks similar to 7.2 with sodium hydroxide. The contents of the vial Excess ACD apparently impairs the diffusion of the ones used for administering blood transfusions are lyophilized and stored under argon. stannous ion across the red blood cell membrane. should be routine. Therefore, the ACD concentration used for blood 2. Syringe I contains: collection should not exceed 0.15 mL ACD per mL Clinical trials were conducted with a variety of of blood. Sodium hypochlorite is then added to the Sodium Hypochlorite – 0.6 mg in Sterile Water prescription and nonprescription medications and reaction vial to oxidize the extracellular stannous for Injection showed no significant effect on the in vitro labeling ion. Since the hypochlorite does not cross the red efficiency of Ultratag™ RBC. Unlike stannous blood cell membrane, the oxidation of stannous The total volume of this syringe is 0.6 mL. Sodium pyrophosphate red blood cell kits, heparinized ion is selective for the extracellular tin. A citric hydroxide may have been added for pH adjustment. patients (11) showed minimal interference with acid, sodium citrate and dextrose solution is then The pH of this solution is 11 to 13. The syringe must Ultratag™ RBC labeling efficiency (95% with heparin, added to the reaction vial to sequester any residual be protected from light to prevent degradation of 97% without heparin). extracellular stannous ion, rendering it more readily the light-sensitive sodium hypochlorite. available for oxidation by sodium hypochlorite. It is recommended that the labeled red blood cells 3. Syringe II contains: Radioactive labeling of the red blood cells is be administered within 30 minutes of preparation completed by addition of sodium pertechnetate or as soon as possible thereafter. A small study Citric Acid, Monohydrate – 8.7 mg showed that technetium Tc 99m-labeled red blood Sodium Citrate, Dihydrate – 32.5 mg Tc 99m to the oxidized reaction vial. The pertechnetate Tc 99m diffuses across the red blood cells prepared with Ultratag™ RBC have equivalent Dextrose, Anhydrous – 12.0 mg in Sterile in vivo labeling efficiency when administered both Water for Injection cell membrane and is reduced by the intracellular 11" stannous ion. The reduced technetium Tc 99m immediately after preparation (5 patients studied) and at 6 hours after preparation (6 patients studied) The total volume of this syringe is 1.0 mL. The pH cannot diffuse out of the red blood cell. The red (279.40 mm) blood cell labeling is essentially complete within with a 24-hour labeling efficiency averaging 97% range of this solution is adjusted to 4.5 to 5.5 with for both groups. sodium citrate or citric acid. 20 minutes of sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m addition to the reaction vial. Red blood cell labeling efficiency of ≥95% is typically obtained using this in Radiopharmaceuticals should be used only by PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS RBC Kit for the preparation of physicians who are qualified by specific training Technetium Tc 99m decays by isomeric transition vitro labeling procedure. In vitro Tc 99m red blood in the safe use and handling of radionuclides and with a physical half-life of 6.02 hours.1 The principal cell labeling efficiency can decrease when excessive whose experience and training have been approved photon that is useful for detection and imaging is amounts of Tc 99 are allowed to accumulate in the by the appropriate government agency authorized listed in Table 1. sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m generator eluate; in this situation, efficiency decreases even further if to license the use of radionuclides. Table 1. Principal Radiation Emission Data1 excess (i.e. >0.15 mL per mL of blood) ACD buffer is used. Therefore, long Tc 99 in-growth times are to be Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Mean % / Energy avoided; the use of fresh (≤24 hour in-growth time) Impairment of Fertility Ultratag™ Technetium Tc 99m−Labeled Red Blood Cells Radiation Disintegration (keV) sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m generator eluate No long term animal studies have been performed is recommended. After the labeling procedure is Gamma-2 89.07 140.5 to evaluate carcinogenic or mutagenic potential or completed, the technetium Tc 99m-labeled red to determine the effects on male or female fertility. blood cells are then reinjected intravenously into The specific gamma ray constant for technetium the patient for gamma scintigraphic imaging. Tc 99m is 0.78 R/mCi-hr at 1 cm. The first half-value Pregnancy Category C thickness of lead (Pb) for technetium Tc 99m is Animal reproduction studies have not been Following intravenous injection, the technetium 0.017 cm. A range of values for the relative conducted with technetium Tc 99m-labeled red Tc 99m-labeled red blood cells distribute within attenuation of the radiation emitted by this blood cells. It is also not known whether this the blood pool with an estimated volume of radionuclide resulting from the interposition of drug can cause fetal harm when administered distribution of approximately 5.6% of bodyweight. various thicknesses of lead (Pb) is presented in to a pregnant woman or can affect reproductive The technetium Tc 99m is well retained in the Table 2. For example, the use of 0.25 cm of lead will capacity. Technetium 99m-labeled red blood cells blood pool with an estimated biological half-life of decrease the external radiation exposure by a factor should be administered to a pregnant woman approximately 29 hours. Of the total technetium of about 1000. only if clearly needed. Ideally, examinations using Tc 99m retained in the whole blood pool 24 hours radiopharmaceuticals, especially those elective in after administration, 95% remains bound to the red Table 2. Radiation Attenuation by Lead Shielding nature, of a woman of childbearing capability should blood cells. Approximately 25% of the injected dose be performed during the first few (approximately is excreted in the urine in the first 24 hours. Shield Coefficient of 10) days following the onset of menses. Thickness (Pb) cm Attenuation INDICATIONS AND USAGE Nursing Mothers 0.017 0.5 Technetium Tc 99m-labeled red blood cells are used Technetium Tc 99m is excreted in human milk for blood pool imaging, including cardiac first pass 0.08 10-1 during lactation. Therefore, formula feedings should and gated equilibrium imaging and for detection of be substituted for breast feeding. 0.16 10-2 sites of gastrointestinal bleeding. -3 Pediatric Use 0.25 10 CONTRAINDICATIONS Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients have not -4 None known. 0.33 10 been established. WARNINGS To correct for physical decay of this radionuclide, None known. ADVERSE REACTIONS the fractions that remain at selected intervals after None known. the time of calibration are presented in Table 3. PRECAUTIONS General DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION The components of the kit are sterile and The Instructions for Preparation must be carefully 1 Kocher, David C., “Radioactive Decay Tables,” nonpyrogenic. It is essential that the user follow followed for preparing technetium Tc 99m-labeled DOE/TIC 11026, 108 (1981).