Cactus Ruin Paper Excavation Figure 4: MAP KEY © 2003 by Crow Canyon Archaeological Center Datum: a permanent marker on a site from which all GROUND AND POLISHED STONE TOOLS horizontal and vertical measurements are made A Axe: a stone tool used for chopping wood ARCHITECTURE M Mano: a smooth hand-held stone used to grind grain or seeds Hearth Hearth: a fire pit used for cooking, heating and lighting Metate Metate: a stone on which grains and seeds are Masonry wall(s): walls constructed of stone ground with a mano Peckingstone: a rock used to shape building stones Pit Pit P and roughen metates ORNAMENTS ANIMAL BONE (food remains) BT Bone tube: a cylinder-shaped bone object with a R Rabbit (cottontail) hollow center D Deer SB Shell bead T Turkey TB Turquoise bead ANIMAL BONE (tools) PLANT REMAINS(food and fuel) Awl: a bone tool with a fashioned point on one end, See corresponding excavation unit card A often used for sewing P Hide Scraper: a bone tool with a worked edge POTTERY H for defleshing animal hides Pueblo II (900–1150 A.D.) or Pueblo III C (1150–1300 A.D.) corrugated jar sherd: CHIPPED-STONE ARTIFACTS used for cooking and storage Biface (knife): a tool sharpened on both faces C Broken corrugated vessel B to form a cutting edge C C Core: a piece of stone from which other pieces C of stone are flaked off B Pueblo II (900–1150 A.D.) painted bowl sherd J Pueblo II (900–1150 A.D.) painted jar sherd Flake: a thin piece of stone resulting from the F making of stone tools Projectile point: a chipped-stone artifact used to tip B Pueblo III (1150–1300 A.D.) painted bowl sherd P an arrow, spear, or atlatl dart J Pueblo III (1150–1300 A.D.) painted jar sherd S Scraper: a stone scraping tool B Pueblo III Broken bowl B B J Pueblo III Broken jar J J TREE-RING SAMPLE 1213 Date of sample appears in symbol.