See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342107485 Pachyphytum huastecanum (Crassulaceae), a New Species from the Huasteca Canyon, Nuevo León, Mexico Article in Cactus and Succulent Journal · June 2020 DOI: 10.2985/015.092.0207 CITATIONS READS 0 62 4 authors, including: Jerónimo Panuncio Reyes santiago Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México 21 PUBLICATIONS 61 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: It will help plant propagation programs in the RBTC View project All content following this page was uploaded by Jerónimo Panuncio Reyes santiago on 26 June 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. JERÓNIMO REYES SANTIAGO1, JULIA ETTER2, MARTIN KRISTEN2 & LUIS EMILIO DE LA CRUZ-LÓPEZ 3 Pachyphytum huastecanum (Crassulaceae), a new species from the Huasteca Canyon, Nuevo León, Mexico Abstract: Pachyphytum huastecanum is described as a new species discovered in the Cañón de la Huasteca in the Sierra Madre Oriental in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. This species is placed in section Diotostemon, where it is morphologically related to Pachyphytum hookeri, from which it differs by its shorter stems, compact rosettes, flat, olive-green colored leaves, shorter pedicels, its campanulate flowers and obovate petals. Addition- ally, two DNA diagnostic nucleotides were found at the ITS2 nuclear genome region which differentiate the new species from other 19 Pachyphytum species. Resumen: Pachyphytum huastecanum es descrito como nueva especie descubierta en el Cañón de la Huasteca en la Sierra Madre Oriental en el estado mexicano de Nuevo León. Esta especie es ubicada en la sección Diot- ostemon, en donde está morfológicamente relacionada a Pachyphytum hookeri, de la cual difiere por sus tallos más cortos, rosetas compactas, hojas planas y de color verde oliva, pedicelos más cortos, sus flores campanuladas y por sus pétalos obovados. Adicionalmente, dos nucleótidos diagnósticos de ADN fueron encontrados en la región genómica nuclear ITS2, los cuales lo diferencian de otras 19 especies de Pachyphytum. Key words: Huasteca Canyon, ITS2, matK, Pachyphytum hookeri, rbcL Introduction specifically to the greenhouses known as National Laboratories of Biodiversity (Laboratorio Nacional de In March 2016, Michael Bechtold and Wolf- Biodiversidad (LANABIO)), where almost all Pachy- gang Metorn, German enthusiasts of the Agavace- phytum species are also sheltered. ae family, visited El Pajonal in the Huasteca Can- The plants produced flowers in March 2018 and yon to search for Agave albopilosa I. Cabral, Vil- after a thorough comparison with related Pachyphy- lareal & A.E. Estrada. Looking for more plants tum species, morphological diagnostic characters of this rare species they wandered along the for this new species were found. At the same time, Arroyo Potreritos where they found a species of DNA sequences of rbcL and matK of the chloroplast Pachyphytum Link, Klotzsch & Otto. They sent pic- genome, and ITS2 region from the nuclear genome tures of the plants to Julia Etter and Martin Kristen, were obtained for one Pachyphytum huastecanum speci- editors of the Crassulaceae database website (www. men and then compared with sequences of P. brachetii crassulaceae.com). The specimens resembled P. hookeri J.Reyes, O.González & A.Gutiérrez, P. bracteosum Link, A. Berger, however, that species occurs about 370 kms Klotzsch & Otto, P. brevifolium Rose, P. caesium Kim- south of El Pajonal as the crow flies. It was not until nach & Moran, P. compactum Rose, P. contrerasii Pérez- November 2016 when Julia Etter and Martin Kris- Calix, I.García & Cházaro, P. fittkaui Moran, P. garci- ten, searching for species of the Crassulaceae family, ae Pérez-Calix & Glass, P. glutinicaule Moran, P. h o o k - and particularly those belonging to the genus Echeve- eri, P. kimnachii Moran, P. longifolium Rose, P. machu- ria, went to the Huasteca Canyon to collect this new cae I.García, Glass & Cházaro, P. oviferum J.A.Purpus, species of the genus Pachyphytum, along with P. w e r - P. rzedowskii I.García, Pérez-Calix & J.Meyrán, P. salt- dermannii Poelln., the northernmost known to date. ense Brachet, Reyes & Mondragón, P. viride E.Walther, Plants were not flowering at this time of the year and P. viscidum J.Reyes & L.E.Cruz-López (described in living plant material was sent to the facilities of the 2019) and P. werdermannii. The sequences of the afore- Botanical Garden of the Biology Institute of Uni- mentioned 19 Pachyphytum species were previously versidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), generated to build a DNA barcoding library in collabo- 1Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Apartado ration with the University of Guelph and Barcode Of Postal 70-614, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de Life Data Systems (www.boldsystems.org) in 2008. At México, México. email: [email protected] that time, P. confusum Pérez-Calix, Guadián-Marín & 2www.crassulaceae.com. email: [email protected] 3 I. García, P. neglectum J.Meyrán, and P. rogeliocardenasii Laboratorio de Sistemática Molecular, Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Pérez-Calix & R.Torres had not yet been described and México. email: [email protected] therefore were not sampled. 2020 VOLUME 92 NUMBER 2 Author Copy 141 2. Stems of Pachyphytum huastecanum. Photo by Julia Etter & Martin Kristen. 1. Pachyphytum huastecanum flowering in habitat. Photo by Julia Etter & Martin Kristen. A table with the diagnostic nucleotides of Pachy- phytum species accompanied the description of P. viscidum in a character-based approach (Reyes et al, 2019) and is updated here to include P. huastecanum. For details of DNA extraction, sequencing and meth- ods for the analysis of the sequences see Reyes et al (2019). 3. Pachyphytum huastecanum rosettes. Photo by Julia Pachyphytum huastecanum J. Reyes, Etter & Martin Kristen. Etter & Kristen sp. nov. bluish-green colored, somewhat farinose, margin Pachyphytum huastecanum, P. hookero entire, apex acute, hyaline and reddish (Fig. 4). Axil- (Salm-Dyck) Berger affiniis sed caulibus brevibus, lary floral stem close to the apex of the branches, foliis oblanceolatis, applanatis, (vs. caulibus longis, 30–40 cm long, ca. 5 mm thick at the base, faint green foliis oblanceolatis fusiformibus), rosulis laxis (vs. to reddish, ascending to pendant. Inflorescence a cin- compactis) pedicellis usque ad 1 mm longis (vs. pedi- cinnus, pink colored, with 13–20 flowers; bracts read- cellis usque ad 37 mm), petalis roseo-purpureis (vs. ily deciduous, ascending, oblanceolate, spurred at the luteo-rubentibus), squama rosea (vs. lutea) differt. base, 10–15 mm long, ca. 5 mm wide, green to pink- green; floral bracts 5–10 mm long and 3–5 mm wide, Plant perennial, suffrutescent, erect, succulent, lanceolate, green to pink-green, base spurred, some- roots fibrous (Fig. 1). Stems much branched near the what pruinose (Fig. 5). Pedicels 5–10 mm long, ca. base, 5–10 cm long and 1–1.5 cm thick at the base 1 mm thick, faint rose colored, farinaceous. Calyx 5 (Fig. 2). Rosette dense, 8–10 cm in diameter (Fig. 3). unequal sepals, joined at the base, segments oblong to Leaves ascending, 4–6 cm long and 1–1.5 cm wide, lanceolate, the smaller ones 4.5–6 mm long and 2–3 oblanceolate, flat to slightly concave, olive-green to mm wide, lanceolate, the larger ones 6–6.5 mm long 142 Author Copy CACTUS AND SUCCULENT JOURNAL 4. Pachyphytum huastecanum leaves. Photo by Jeronimo Reyes. 6. General view of Pachyphytum huastecanum habitat. Photo by Julia Etter & Martin Kristen. 5. Pachyphytum huastecanum inflorescence. Photo by Julia Etter & Martin Kristen. and 3.5–4.5 mm wide, oblong, pale green, apex acute. Corolla campanulate, petals 5, erect, 10–12 mm long and 4–5 mm wide, apex mucronate, faint rose colored near the base and purplish-pink from the thickest part to the apex, appendices flattened, amorphous, faint rose color. Stamens 10, 5 antisepalous filaments 6.5–7 mm long, 5 antipetalous filaments 3.5–4 mm long, anthers yellow. Nectary scales oblong, ca. 1 mm long, yellowish. Ovary ovoid ca. 6 mm long and 4 mm wide, faint yellow to greenish, style ca. 2 mm long, purple colored, stigma greenish. Fruit, a polyfollicle. Type: Mexico, Nuevo León: municipality of Santa Catarina, Arroyo Potreritos, near El Pajonal, Cumbres de Monterrey National Park, 1690 m. 7 November 7. Pachyphytum huastecanum growing on rocks. 2016. J. Etter & M. Kristen 4185 (Holotype: MEXU!). Photo by Julia Etter & Martin Kristen. 2020 VOLUME 92 NUMBER 2 Author Copy 143 9. Detail of Pachyphytum huastecanum flowers. Photo by Jeronimo Reyes. 8. Detail of Pachyphytum huastecanum flowers. Photo by Jeronimo Reyes. Phenology: Plants flower from March to April in habitat and in the greenhouse. Distribution and Habitat: Pachyphytum huasteca- num is a micro-endemic species. Because of the rug- ged topography of the area and the resulting difficulty for thorough exploration, it is very possible that its distribution is much wider (Figs. 6 & 7). Associated species are Echeveria simulans Rose, Sedum palmeri S. Watson, Sedum calcicola B.L. Rob. & Greenm., Sedum nanifolium Fröd., Agave aff. ovatifolia G.D. Starr & Villarreal, Opuntia cantabrigiensis Lynch, Echinocere- us viereckii Werderm., Dasylirion berlandieri S.Watson, Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L. Close to the site in the Arroyo Potreritos flows a seasonal creek in a forest of Pachyphytum huastecanum petal interior surface. Quercus sp and Juniperus sp. 10. Photo by Jeronimo Reyes. Etymology: The specific epithet is a reference to the Huasteca region in the state of Nuevo León, Mexico. sepals, these shorter than the corolla (Figs. 8 & 9), and Discussion by the absence of red spots on the inner face of the petals (Fig. 10). Because of leaf shape and the pinkish Pachyphytum huastecanum is placed in sect. Diot- petals, the new species is morphologically related to P. ostemon (Salm-Dyck) E. Walther by having sub-equal fittkaui, P.