DY098 CRUISE REPORT Polar Ocean Ecosystem Time Series – Western Core Box 02 JAN 2019 – 10 FEB 2019 Table of Contents 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 11 1.1. POETS - WCB survey ................................................................................................................... 11 1.2. POETS – SCOOBIES (SCotia sea Open-Ocean BIological laboratoriES) ....................................... 12 1.3. 2019 Large Scale South Sandwich Island krill survey ................................................................. 12 1.4. Cruise track ................................................................................................................................ 12 1.5. Personnel ................................................................................................................................... 12 1.6. Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... 16 1.7. Station summary ........................................................................................................................ 16 2. CTD and XBT ...................................................................................................................................... 17 2.1. CTD deployments ....................................................................................................................... 17 2.2. NMF CTD Operations report – John Wynar Sensors and Moorings group NOC ........................ 21 2.2.1. Overview ............................................................................................................................. 21 2.2.2. Sensor Failures .................................................................................................................... 21 2.2.3. LADCP Configuration ........................................................................................................... 22 2.2.4. CTD Data Processing ........................................................................................................... 22 2.2.5. Salinity measurement ......................................................................................................... 23 2.2.6. Configuration files ............................................................................................................... 23 2.2. BAS CTD processing Sophie Fielding .......................................................................................... 28 2.3. XBT deployment Alysa Hulbert, Euan McRae, Andrew Moore, Nicholas Harker ....................... 29 3. Sampling from NISKIN and underway water.................................................................................... 32 3.1. Phytoplankton sampling from Niskin bottles Alysa Hulbert and Euan McRae .......................... 32 3.1.1. Motivation ........................................................................................................................... 32 3.1.2. Method (Filters): ................................................................................................................. 32 3.1.3. Method (Lugol’s): ................................................................................................................ 32 3.2. Ship-Seq: DNA sequencing of polar microbes onboard research vessels Emma Langan and Clara Manno ..................................................................................................................................... 33 3.2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 33 3.2.2. Methods .............................................................................................................................. 33 3.2.3. DNA extraction and sequencing.......................................................................................... 35 3.2.4. Oxford Nanopore Technologies library preparation and MinION sequencing protocol .... 37 3.3. Isotopic characterization of particulate and dissolved organic matter Flavia Saccomandi and Cecilia Silvestri ................................................................................................................................... 45 3.3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 45 3.3.2. Material and methods ........................................................................................................ 45 3.3.3. References .......................................................................................................................... 46 3.4. Survivability of marine copepod Oithona similis under Climate Change Louise Cornwell ........ 55 3.4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 55 3.4.2. Temperature and Ocean Acidification (OA) Experiment .................................................... 55 3.4.3. Starvation Experiment ........................................................................................................ 56 3.4.4. Transect – Temperature Size Response .............................................................................. 57 3.4.5. References .......................................................................................................................... 58 4. WCB and South Sandwich Islands survey acoustics EK60 ................................................................. 59 4.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 59 4.2. Method/System specification .................................................................................................... 59 4.3. Calibration .................................................................................................................................. 60 4.4. Data Coverage ............................................................................................................................ 61 4.4.1. Acoustic transects WCB ...................................................................................................... 61 4.4.2. Acoustic transects South Sandwich Islands ........................................................................ 63 4.5. Performance of the RapidKrill software on the RRS Discovery Alejandro Ariza, Rob Blackwell & Sophie Fielding .................................................................................................................................. 70 5. Macrozooplankton ............................................................................................................................ 72 5.1. RMT 8 and RMT8+1 macrozooplankton sampling Gabriele Stowasser, Sophie Fielding, Bjôrg Apeland, Daniel Ashurst, Megan Sorensen, Clara Manno, Angelika Slomska, Franki Perry, Alejandro Ariza, Kirstie Jones-Williams, Emily Rowlands .................................................................................. 72 5.1.1. Gear ..................................................................................................................................... 72 5.1.2. Catch sorting and processing .............................................................................................. 72 5.2. Krill length frequency Sophie Fielding ........................................................................................ 79 5.2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 79 5.2.2. Method ............................................................................................................................... 79 5.3. Antarctic krill density Alejandro Ariza ........................................................................................ 81 5.3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 81 5.3.2. Methods .............................................................................................................................. 81 5.3.3. Results ................................................................................................................................. 82 5.3.4. References .......................................................................................................................... 84 5.4. Where are they now? Right whales in the South Georgia marine ecosystem .......................... 85 Jennifer Jackson (PI, BAS), Gabi Stowasser, Megan Sorensen et al. ................................................. 85 5.4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 85 5.5. The historical demography of Salpa thompsoni as a response for previous climate change episodes Angelika Słomska, Geraint Tarling, Clara Manno, William Goodall-Copestake ................ 88 5.5.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 88 5.5.2. Research methodology ....................................................................................................... 89 5.5.3. Genetic Population Structure ............................................................................................