United States In cooperation with Department of the United States Soil Survey of Agriculture Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Natural Region and Southern Caribbean National Resources Research Station; the Conservation International Institute of Forest and Luquillo Service Tropical Forestry; and the University of Puerto Rico, Agricultural Experiment Experimental Forest, Stations Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 3 How To Use This Soil Survey General Soil Map The general soil map, which is a color map, shows the survey area divided into groups of associated soils called general soil map units. This map is useful in planning the use and management of large areas. To find information about your area of interest, locate that area on the map, identify the name of the map unit in the area on the color-coded map legend, then refer to the section General Soil Map Units for a general description of the soils in your area. Detailed Soil Maps The detailed soil maps can be useful in planning the use and management of small areas. To find information about your area of interest, locate that area on the Index to Map Sheets. Note the number of the map sheet and turn to that sheet. Locate your area of interest on the map sheet. Note the map unit symbols that are in that area. Turn to the Contents, which lists the map units by symbol and name and shows the page where each map unit is described. The Contents shows which table has data on a specific land use for each detailed soil map unit. Also see the Contents for sections of this publication that may address your specific needs. 4 This soil survey is a publication of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) has leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey. Major fieldwork for this soil survey was completed in 1992. Soil names and descriptions were approved in 2000. Unless otherwise indicated, statements in this publication refer to conditions in the survey area in 2001. This survey was made cooperatively by the Natural Resources Conservation Service and the USDA Forest Service, Southern Region and Southern Research Station; the International Institute of Tropical Forestry; and the University of Puerto Rico, Agricultural Experiment Stations. The survey is part of the technical assistance furnished to the USDA Forest Service, Southern Region. Soil maps in this survey may be copied without permission. Enlargement of these maps, however, could cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping. If enlarged, maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a larger scale. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (202) 720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Cover: A pair of juvenile Puerto Rican parrots (Amazona vittata) in the Caribbean National Forest. Much effort is going into maintaining and increasing the population of this endangered species (photo courtesy of Francisco Valenzuela, USDA Forest Service). Additional information about the Nation’s natural resources is available online from the Natural Resources Conservation Service at http://www.nrcs.usda.gov. 5 Contents How To Use This Soil Survey ................................ 3 221—Picacho-Utuado complex, 35 to 80 Contents .................................................................. 5 percent slopes ............................................. 44 Foreword ................................................................. 7 223—Picacho-Ciales complex, 5 to 30 General Nature of the Survey Area ........................... 9 percent slopes ............................................. 45 How This Survey Was Made .............................. 16 224—Picacho-Utuado complex, 5 to 35 General Soil Map Units ........................................ 19 percent slopes ............................................. 46 Soils of the Isohyperthermic Region ................... 19 225—Icacos loam, occasionally flooded............. 48 1. Zarzal-Cristal-Humatas Association......... 20 231—Guayabota-Yunque complex, 30 to 60 2. Sonadora-Caguabo-Prieto Association .... 20 percent slopes ............................................. 48 Soils of the Isothermic Region ............................ 21 311—Dwarf muck, 10 to 65 percent slopes, 3. Yunque-Los Guineos-Moteado windswept .................................................... 50 Association ............................................ 21 Use and Management of the Soils ...................... 51 4. Picacho-Utuado-Ciales Association ......... 22 Interpretive Ratings ............................................ 51 Soils of the Isomesic Region .............................. 25 Rating Class Terms ........................................ 51 5. Dwarf ....................................................... 25 Numerical Ratings .......................................... 51 Detailed Soil Map Units ........................................ 27 Hydric Soils ........................................................ 51 112—Zarzal-Cristal complex, 20 to 60 percent Recreation .......................................................... 53 slopes .......................................................... 28 Wildlife Habitat ................................................... 56 113—Cristal-Zarzal complex, 5 to 40 percent Engineering ........................................................ 56 slopes .......................................................... 29 Building Site Development ............................. 57 114—Zarzal very cobbly clay, 40 to 80 percent Sanitary Facilities ........................................... 58 slopes .......................................................... 30 Construction Materials ................................... 59 115—Humatas-Zarzal complex, 5 to 30 Water Management........................................ 60 percent slopes ............................................. 31 Soil Properties ...................................................... 61 121—Sonadora-Caguabo complex, 25 to 40 Engineering Index Properties ............................. 61 percent slopes ............................................. 32 Physical and Chemical Analyses of Selected 131—Sonadora-Caguabo complex, 40 to 70 Soils ............................................................. 62 percent slopes ............................................. 34 Soil Features ...................................................... 62 132—Caguabo gravelly clay loam, 8 to 15 Water Features .................................................. 62 percent slopes ............................................. 35 Physical Properties ............................................ 63 135—Prieto very cobbly clay loam, 25 to 50 Chemical Properties ........................................... 64 percent slopes ............................................. 36 Classification of the Soils .................................... 67 141—Luquillo stony clay loam, occasionally Soil Series and Their Morphology ........................... 67 flooded ......................................................... 37 Caguabo Series ................................................. 68 142—Coloso silty clay loam, occasionally Ciales Series ...................................................... 68 flooded ......................................................... 38 Coloso Series ..................................................... 70 212—Yunque-Moteado complex, 20 to 65 Cristal Series ...................................................... 70 percent slopes ............................................. 38 Dwarf Series ...................................................... 71 213—Yunque cobbly clay, 40 to 80 percent Guayabota Series .............................................. 72 slopes, extremely stony ............................... 39 Humatas Series.................................................. 73 214—Yunque-Los Guineos-Moteado complex, Icacos Series ..................................................... 74 5 to 30 percent slopes.................................. 41 Los Guineos Series ............................................ 75 215—Palm-Yunque complex, 35 to 85 percent Luquillo Series .................................................... 76 slopes, extremely stony ............................... 42 Moteado Series .................................................. 77 6 Palm Series ........................................................ 78 Table 4.—Hydric Soils List ................................ 117 Picacho Series ................................................... 79 Table 5a.—Recreation ...................................... 120 Prieto Series......................................................