GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism 1 / 60 Futurism 1 Cubism 3 2 The Rise of Futurism 17 3 An Era of Manifestos 30 4 Futurist Typography 46 5 Guillaume Apollinaire 54 © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism 2 / 60 © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism 3 / 60 1909 Cubism Stemming from numerous technological image-making innovations, Cubism, a new approach to handling space and pictorial representation unlocks a new chapter in the canon of art and design. © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 4 / 60 1878 Eadweard Muybridge uses photography as a research tool. © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 5 / 60 © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 6 / 60 Combining artistic vision with scientific analysis, Muybridge showed how an image that paralyses motion can catch the fluency of phenomena. –PETER CONRAD © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 7 / 60 © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Eadweard Muybridge, The Horse in Motion, 1978 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 8 / 60 Zoopraxiscope © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 9 / 60 1878 Muybridge is given credit as a scientist and artist. His research has far-reaching affects • Motion Pictures • Painters • Graphic Designers © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 10 / 60 1907–1911 Braque and Picasso influenced by: • Muybridge • Motion pictures • African art © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 11 / 60 1907–1911 Braque and Picasso influenced by: • Muybridge • Motion pictures • African art © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 12 / 60 1907–1911 Braque and Picasso influenced by: • Muybridge • Motion pictures • African art © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 13 / 60 1907–1919 Cubism Picasso and Braque • Design concept independent of nature • A new artistic tradition and way of seeing • Challenged the four-hundred-year Renaissance tradition • “Bizarreries cubiques” (cubic oddities) • “Early Cubism” © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 14 / 60 1910–1912 Analytic Cubism • Abstraction into geometric planes • Classical norms for the human figure are broken • Simultaneous viewpoint • Flattened perspective • Figure/ground balance • “High Cubism” © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 15 / 60 1912 Collage Braque and Picasso begin to insert found paper into their artworks. © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Pablo Picasso, Violin, 1912 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / CUBism 16 / 60 1912–1919 Synthetic Cubism • Juan Gris • Essence of the object • Geomertic construction • Pure invention • “Late Cubism” © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Juan Gris, Fruit bowl, 1916 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism 17 / 60 1909 The Rise of Futurism Cubism’s visual inventions became a catalyst for experiments that pushed art and design toward geometric abstraction and new attitudes toward pictorial space. © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / The Rise of FUTUrism 18 / 60 © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / The Rise of FUTUrism 19 / 60 1909 Futurism An artistic and social movement that originated in Italy in the early 20th century. It was largely an Italian phenomenon, though there were parallel movements in Russia, England, and elsewhere. © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Umberto Boccioni, Charge of the Lancers (detail), 1915 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / The Rise of FUTUrism 20 / 60 The Futurists practiced in every medium of art. • Painting • Urban design • Sculpture • Theatre • Ceramics • Film • Graphic • Fashion Design • Textiles • Industrial • Literature Design • Music • Interior design • Architecture © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Umberto Boccioni, States of Mind II: Those Who Go, 1911 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / The Rise of FUTUrism 21 / 60 1909 It glorified radical themes: • The future • Speed • Technology • Youth • Violence • Automobiles • Airplanes • Industrialized cities © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Umberto Boccioni, The City Rises, 1910 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / The Rise of FUTUrism 22 / 60 1913 “Umberto Boccioni was an influential Italian painter and sculptor. He helped shape the revolutionary aesthetic of the Futurism movement as one of its principal figures. Despite his short life, his approach to the dynamism of form and the deconstruction of solid mass guided artists long after his death.” [wikipedia] © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / The Rise of FUTUrism 23 / 60 © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / The Rise of FUTUrism 24 / 60 © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Umberto Boccioni, Development of a Bottle in Space, 1913 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / The Rise of FUTUrism 25 / 60 1890 – 1960 Anton Giulio Bragaglia A pioneer in Italian Futurist photography and Futurist cinema. A versatile and intellectual artist with wide interests, he wrote about film, theatre, and dance. [wikipedia] © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Self portrait, 1913 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / The Rise of FUTUrism 26 / 60 © Kevin Woodland, 2020 (left) Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Bow, 1911 (right) Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Fotodinamismo, 1911 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / The Rise of FUTUrism 27 / 60 © Kevin Woodland, 2020 (left) Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Smoker, 1913 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / The Rise of FUTUrism 28 / 60 © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Man playing the double bass, 1911 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / The Rise of FUTUrism 29 / 60 © Kevin Woodland, 2020 Anton Giulio Bragaglia GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / AN Era of Manifestos 30 / 60 1909 An Era of Manifestos Leveraging the powerful potential of text, scale and placement, the Futurists announced their intentions through a multitude of aggressive manifestos. © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / AN Era of Manifestos 31 / 60 1909 FT Marinetti founded the movement after publishing his infamous Manifesto of Futurism in the Paris newspaper Le Figaro. The manifesto voiced enthusiasm for war, the machine age, speed, and modern life. © Kevin Woodland, 2020 F. C. Coletti, Portrait of F. T. Marinetti GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / AN Era of Manifestos 32 / 60 © Kevin Woodland, 2020 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / AN Era of Manifestos 33 / 60 1909 Marinetti expressed a passionate loathing of everything old, especially political and artistic tradition. We want no part of it, the past. We, the young and strong Futurists! –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2020 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / AN Era of Manifestos 34 / 60 1909 We intend to sing the love of danger, the habit of energy and fearlessness. Courage, audacity, and revolt will be essential elements of our poetry… –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2020 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / AN Era of Manifestos 35 / 60 1909 We affirm that the world’s magnificence has been enriched by a new beauty: the beauty of speed … –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2020 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / AN Era of Manifestos 36 / 60 1909 A roaring car that seems to ride on grapeshot is more beautiful than the Victory of Samoth-race… –FT MARINETTI The Winged Victory of Samothrace is a 2nd-century BC marble sculpture of the Greek goddess Nike (Victory). Since 1884, it has been prominently displayed at the Louvre and is one of the most celebrated sculptures in the world. –WIKIPEDIA “The greatest masterpiece of Hellenistic sculpture.” –H.W. JANSON © Kevin Woodland, 2020 The Winged Victory of Samothrace, 2nd-century BC, Louvre, Paris GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / AN Era of Manifestos 37 / 60 1909 Except in struggle, there is no more beauty. No work without an aggressive character can be a masterpiece. –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2020 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / AN Era of Manifestos 38 / 60 1909 We will destroy museums, libraries, and fight against moralism, feminism, and all utilitarian cowardice. –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2020 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / AN Era of Manifestos 39 / 60 1909 Destroy the cult of the past … Totally invalidate all kinds of imitation … Elevate all attempts at originality … –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2020 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / AN Era of Manifestos 40 / 60 1909 … Regard art critics as useless and dangerous … Sweep the whole field of art clean of all themes and subjects that have been used in the past … –FT MARINETTI © Kevin Woodland, 2020 FT Marinetti, exerpt from the original Futurist Manifesto, Le Figaro Newspaper, 1909 GRAPHIC DESIGN HISTORY / FUTUrism / AN Era of Manifestos 41 / 60 1909 … Support and glory in our day-to-day world, a world which is going to be continually and splendidly transformed by victorious Science. –FT MARINETTI