Hindawi Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging Volume 2018, Article ID 1403826, 2 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1403826 Editorial Development and Application of Nanoparticles in Biomedical Imaging Paulo H. Rosado-de-Castro ,1,2 María del Puerto Morales,3 Pedro M. Pimentel-Coelho ,4 Rosalia Mendez-Otero ,4 and Fernando Herranz 5 1 Instituto de Cienciasˆ Biomedicas,´ Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 2D’Or Institute for Research and Education, 22281-100 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 3Departamento de Energ´ıa, Medioambiente y Salud, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Sor Juana Ines´ de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain 4Instituto de Biof´ısica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 5CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) and Fundacion´ Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Melchor Fernandez-Almagro´ 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain Correspondence should be addressed to Fernando Herranz; [email protected] Received 27 February 2018; Accepted 27 February 2018; Published 1 April 2018 Copyright © 2018 Paulo H. Rosado-de-Castro et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Te combination of the size-dependent properties of nano- of some nanoparticles can be used to create new imaging materials with the noninvasive characterisation in molec- techniques, for example, the superparamagnetism of iron ular imaging is a powerful combination that is being suc- oxide nanoparticles for magnetic particle imaging. cessfully applied across disciplines. In the past ten years, In this issue, we have aimed to provide a platform we have witnessed the development of, literally, hundreds for high-quality contributions on nanoparticles application of nanoparticle-based probes for molecular imaging. All to molecular imaging. Original papers and review articles major imaging techniques have been enhanced by the use focusing on the latest application of nanoparticle-based of nanoparticles, particularly magnetic resonance imaging imaging probes were submitted. Te topics treated include (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and optical the application of iron oxides for MRI, for PET/MRI, and for imaging. Te use of iron oxide nanoparticles for T -weighted drug delivery; new synthesis approaches to obtain magnetic and/or T -weighted MRI, the design of radioisotope chelator- nanoparticles-based contrast agents; polymeric nanoparticles free particles for PET, and new developments in fuorescent1 for ultrasound imaging; new computed tomography (CT) nanoparticles2 (carbon dots and upconverting nanoparticles) contrast agents; and quantum dots for multiplex optical are important milestones in the feld. Tere are two key imaging. We received a total of 16 submissions, and afer features in nanoparticle-based probes which are seldom two rounds of rigorous review, 9 papers were accepted for found in traditional imaging probes: multimodality and publications in this special issue. multifunctionality. Te use of, at least, two complemen- tary imaging techniques (multimodality) like PET/MRI or Acknowledgments MRI/Fluorescence and the possibility of incorporating sev- eral vectors on the surface and/or drugs (multifunctionality) Te guest editorial team thanks the authors submitting their expand the use of these probes. Furthermore, the properties contributions to this special issue. Te editors also thank 2 Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging the reviewers for their precious help with review assign- ments. Paulo H. Rosado-de-Castro Mar´ıa del Puerto Morales Pedro M. 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