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Darwin, Australia © 2013 aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology AQUA19(1):AQUA 24/01/13 12:37 Pagina 1 aqua, International Journal of Ichthyology A new species of damselfish (Pomacentridae) from the Indian Ocean John E. Randall1 and Joseph D. DiBattista2 1) Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice St., Honolulu, HI 96817-2704, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2) Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia. E-mail: [email protected] Received: 29 July 2012 – Accepted: 14 December 2012 Abstract morphologische Unterscheidung zwischen C. dimidiata am The pomacentrid fish Chromis dimidiata (Klunzinger, Beispiel von Exemplaren aus dem zentralen Roten Meer und 1871), type locality Red Sea, formerly believed to be wide- C. fieldi anhand von Proben aus dem Indischen Ozean als ranging into the Indian Ocean, is restricted to the Red Sea. stammesgeschichtliche Trennung bestätigen (d = 0,019). The Indian Ocean population is described as a new Die beiden Arten unterscheiden sich von der nahe ver- species, Chromis fieldi. It differs in having modally 17 pec- wandten Art C. iomelas Jordan & Seale, 1906 vom west- toral rays and 17 lateral-line scales, compared to modally lichen und zentralen Pazifik durch 12 Weichflossenstrahlen 16 pectoral rays and 15 lateral-line scales for C. dimidiata, in der Rücken- und der Afterflosse (Modalwert) (bei C. and the demarcation of the dark brown anterior part of the iomelas sind es 13), Abgrenzung des dunkelbraunen und des body from the white posterior part is convex, compared to weißen Teils deutlich vor dem Ansatz der Afterflosse sowie nearly straight in C. dimidiata, and not as sharply defined den phylogenetischen Unterscheidungswert anhand der dorsally and ventrally. Phylogenetic comparisons based on Cyto chrom-b-Sequenz d = 0,085 im Vergleich zu d = 0,087. mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b sequences support morphological differentiation with evolutionary Résumé separation of C. dimidiata sampled in the central Red Sea Le pomacentridé Chromis dimidiata (Klunzinger, 1871), and C. fieldi sampled in the Indian Ocean (d = 0.019). localité-type en Mer Rouge, que a eu une large distribution These two species differ from the related C. iomelas Jordan dans l'Océan Indien pensait-on jadis, se trouve confiné en & Seale, 1906 of the western and central Pacific in having Mer Rouge. La population de l’Océan Indien est décrite modally 12 dorsal and anal fin soft rays (vs. 13 for C. iome- com me nouvelle espèce, Chromis fieldi. Elle se caractérise par las), the demarcation of dark brown and white distinctly 17 rayons pectoraux modalement et 17 écailles sur la ligne anterior to the origin of the anal fin, and d = 0.085 to d = la térale, alors que C. dimidiata a 16 rayons pectoraux mo - 0.087 for cytochrome b. da lement et 17 écailles sur la ligne latérale, et par la démarca - tion convexe entre la partie antérieure brun foncé du corps Zusammenfassung et la partie postérieure blanche, alors qu’elle est presque Der Riffbarsch Chromis dimidiata (Klunzinger, 1871), droite chez C. dimidiata et moins nettement dessinée et ven - Typuslokalität Rotes Meer, von dem man bisher angenom- tra lement. Des comparaisons phylogénétiques basées sur des men hat, dass er ein weites Verbreitungsgebiet bis in den sé quences de cytochrome b de l’ADN mitochondrial Indischen Ozean hat, ist nach neueren Erkenntnissen auf (mtADN) rélèvent une différenciation morphologique avec das Rote Meer beschränkt. Der Bestand im Indischen di vergence évolutive de C. dimidiata collecté au centre de la Ozean wird als neue Art Chromis fieldi beschrieben. Ihre Mer Rouge et C. fieldi collecté dans l’Océan Indien (d = Vertreter unterscheiden sich durch 17 Brustflossenstrahlen 0.019). Ces deux espèces se distinguent de C. iomelas Jordan und 17 Seitenlinienschuppen (Modalwert) im Gegensatz zu & Seale, 1906 apparenté, originaire du Pacifique ouest et 16 Brustflossenstrahlen und 15 Seitenlinienschuppen bei C. central, par 12 rayons mous modalement à la dorsale et à dimidiata; außerdem ist die Grenzlinie zwischen dem l’anale (pour 13 chez C. iomelas), par la démarcation entre le dunkelbraunen vorderen Teil des Körpers und dem weißen brun foncé et le blanc situee clairement avant la naissance de hinteren Teil konvex, während sie bei C. dimidiata nahezu l’anale, et par un cytochrome b de d = 0,085 à d = 0,087. gerade verläuft, und die Abgrenzung ist rücken- und bauch- wärts weniger scharf gezeichnet. Beim phylogenetischen Sommario Vergleich auf der Grundlage der mitochondrialen DNA Il pomacentride Chromis dimidiata (Klunzinger, 1871), (mtDNA) in den Cytochrom-b-Sequenzen lässt sich die località tipo Mar Rosso, ritenuto ampiamente diffuso nel- 1 aqua vol. 19 no. 1 - 21 January 2013 AQUA19(1):AQUA 24/01/13 12:37 Pagina 2 A new species of damselfish (Pomacentridae) from the Indian Ocean l'Oceano Indiano, è in realtà limitato al Mar Rosso. La cauda and C. unipa, raising the total species of the popolazione dell’Oceano Indiano è descritta come una genus to 96. Quéro et al. (2010) described C. nuova specie, Chromis fieldi. Si differenzia per avere, come durvillei, the 97th species, from the island of Réu- valori modali, 17 raggi pettorali e 17 scaglie in linea late- nion. We provide here the description of the 98th rale anziché 16 raggi pettorali e 15 scaglie in linea laterale come in C. dimidiata e la demarcazione della parte ante rio- species. re marrone scuro del corpo dalla parte bianca posteriore The species of Chromis feed primarily on zoo- convessa, rispetto a quasi dritta in C. dimidiata e non così plankton (Fig. 1); they are therefore not restricted nettamente definita dorsalmente e ventralmente. Con- to the photic zone of the sea, as are the species of fronti filogenetici basati su sequenze del DNA mitocon- the other large damselfish genera Abudefduf, Poma- driale (mtDNA) del citocromo b in C. dimidiata campi- centrus, and Stegastes that graze on benthic algae. onato nel Mar Rosso e C. fieldi campionato nell'Oceano The ability to colonize deeper habitats may have Indiano sono a favore di una differenziazione morfologica provided more opportunity for speciation in the e una separazione evolutiva delle due specie (d = 0.019).