Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2008 Modeling of solute transport and retention in Upper Amite River Hoonshin Jung Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Jung, Hoonshin, "Modeling of solute transport and retention in Upper Amite River" (2008). LSU Master's Theses. 2006. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/2006 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MODELING OF SOLUTE TRANSPORT AND RETENTION IN UPPER AMITE RIVER A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Civil Engineering in The Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering by Hoonshin Jung B.S., Inha University, 1996 M.S., Inha University, 1998 December, 2008 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to take this opportunity to express my deepest appreciation to Dr. Zhi-Qiang Deng, who is my graduate advisor and the chair on my committee. Dr. Deng has continuously supported and encouraged me throughout my graduate program. Most significantly, Dr. Deng has provided tremendous help upon development and completion of this master thesis. Again, his extensive help, support, and advice are highly recognized and appreciated. I would also like to thank Drs. Malone and Chen for their willingness to be my thesis committee members, and for their support. In addition, other faculty members in the department of Civil and Environmental Engineering helped me, demonstrated their ready availability to provide guidance, and helped me both in and outside of classes. Finally, my greatest thanks go to my whole family for always encouraging and supporting me in all means to provide me the ease of pursuing and accomplishing my education. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................ ii LIST OF TABLES ...........................................................................................................................v LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... vi ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... ix CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................1 1.1 Background ............................................................................................................................1 1.2 Study Area ..............................................................................................................................5 1.3 Goal and Objectives ...............................................................................................................8 CHAPTER 2. VARIABLE RESIDENCE TIME (VART) BASED MODEL FOR SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN STREAMS .......................................................................................................10 2.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................10 2.2 Conceptual Model for Transient Storage Involving Hyporheic Exchange in Streams ........12 2.3 Mathematical Model for Solute Transport in Streams: VART Model .................................17 2.4 Numerical Solution of VART Model ...................................................................................26 2.5 Sensitivity Analysis ..............................................................................................................28 2.6 Conclusions ..........................................................................................................................31 CHAPTER 3. COMPARISON BETWEEN VART MODEL AND OTHER TRANSIENT STORAGE MODELS ....................................................................................................................34 3.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................34 3.2 Comparison between VART and TSM/OTIS ......................................................................35 3.3 Comparison between VART and ASP .................................................................................38 3.4 Comparison between VART and STAMMT-L ...................................................................40 3.5 Application of VART Model in Large Rivers .....................................................................44 3.6 Application of VART Model in Moderate Rivers ...............................................................50 3.7 Conclusions ..........................................................................................................................54 CHAPTER 4. PARAMETER ESTIMATION OF THE VART MODEL .....................................56 4.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................56 4.2 Estimation of Minimum Residence Time (Tmin) ..................................................................57 4.3 Conclusions ..........................................................................................................................58 CHAPTER 5. APPLICATION OF VART MODEL IN THE UPPER AMITE RIVER ...............60 5.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................60 5.2 Application of VART Model ...............................................................................................61 5.3 Summary and Conclusions ...................................................................................................64 iii CHAPTER 6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS .....................................................................65 REFERENCES ..............................................................................................................................67 VITA ..............................................................................................................................................72 iv LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1. Land use information in the Amite River watershed ......................................................5 Table 2.1. Parameter values used for the VART series distributions in Figure 2.8.......................31 Table 3.1. Parameter values used in Figure 3.9 for the Mississippi River ....................................45 Table 3.2. Parameter values used in Figure 3.10 for the Red River ..............................................46 Table 3.3. Parameter values used in Figure 3.11 for the Bayou Bartholomew .............................49 Table 3.4. Parameter values used in Figure 3.12 for the Tangipahoa River ..................................51 Table 3.5. Parameter values used in Figure 3.13 for the Tickfau River ........................................53 Table 5.1. The dye experiment results at Darlington and Grangeville in Amite River .................62 Table 5.2. Parameter values used in Figure 5.2 for the Amite River .............................................63 v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1. Amite River watershed ..................................................................................................6 Figure 1.2. Annual mean flow at Denham Springs ..........................................................................7 Figure 1.3. Monthly mean flows at Denham Springs ......................................................................8 Figure 2.1. Vertical profiles showing strong concentration gradients in bottom sediment layers (Elliott and Brooks, 1997)..............................................................................................................11 Figure 2.2. Conceptual longitudinal model of a stream reach with bed-form sequence showing advection-dominated storage zone in the upper sediment layer and diffusion-dominated transient storage zone in the lower sediment layer. Single arrows indicate advective flow directions and pair arrows illustrate diffusive mass exchange between the two zones .........................................13 Figure 2.3. Conceptual cross-sectional model of a stream channel showing (1) two well mixed zones: the surface stream zone and the advection-dominated storage zone (advection zone), and (2) concentration variation in the diffusion-dominated storage zone (diffusion zone). The circular and horizontal lines are concentration contour lines indicating concentration gradient in the diffusion zone.................................................................................................................................14 Figure 2.4. Conceptual model for transient storage and release processes at a stream section with three zones (surface stream zone, advection-dominated storage zone, and diffusion-dominated storage zone) showing concentration development during the rising period (a) and falling period (b, c, d). The horizontal and vertical