Un01 January 10, 2001 Ulaanbaatar CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW OF MONGOLIA PART I ........................................................................................................... 16 GENERAL PROVISIONS .............................................................................. 16 CHAPTER ONE ......................................................................................... 16 LEGISLATION ON CRIMINAL PROCEDURE............................................ 16 Article 1. Objective of the Law ................................................................ 16 Article 2. Legislation on Criminal Proceedings ........................................ 16 Article 3. Limits of Operation of the Law on Criminal Procedure ............. 16 Article 4. Application of Law on Criminal Procedure with Respect to Foreign Citizens and Persons without Citizenship .................................. 16 Article 5. Definition of Terms ................................................................... 16 CHAPTER TWO ......................................................................................... 18 TASKS AND PRINCIPLES OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDING ........................ 18 Article 6. Tasks of Criminal Proceedings ................................................ 18 Article 7. Impermissibility of Considering to be Suspect, Prosecuting as Defendant or Sentencing Except on Grounds and in Accordance with Procedure Established by Law ............................................................... 18 Article 8. Lawfulness of Criminal Proceeding .......................................... 18 Article 9. Only Court Shall Execute Judicial Authority ............................. 18 Article 10. Ensuring the Right for Inviolability of Person ......................... 19 Article 11. Inviolability of Dwelling ........................................................... 19 Article 12. Inviolability of Privacy and Confidentiality of Correspondence ................................................................................................................ 19 Article 13. Presumption of Innocence ..................................................... 19 Article 14. Equality Before the Law and the Courts ................................. 19 Article 15. Independence of Judges and Their Subordination Only to Law ................................................................................................................ 20 Article 16. Thorough, Complete and Objective Determination of Circumstances of Case. .......................................................................... 20 Article 17. Executing Judicial Proceedings Based on Equality of Parties and Adversarial Principles ...................................................................... 20 Article 18. Ensuring the Right of Suspect, Accused, Defendant and Victim to be Defended ....................................................................................... 20 Article 19. Language in Which Proceedings Shall be Executed.............. 21 Article 20. Right to Complain on Proceedings or Decision ...................... 21 CHAPTER THREE ..................................................................................... 21 GROUNDS FOR EXECUTING CRIMINAL PROCEEDING ....................... 21 Article 21. Executing Mandatory Criminal Proceeding. ........................... 21 Article 22. Exposing Causes and Conditions Facilitating Commission of a Crime ...................................................................................................... 21 Article 23. Citizen's Right to Participate in Criminal Proceedings ........... 21 Article 24. Circumstances Excluding Criminal Proceedings .................... 22 Article 25. Termination When Victim Reconciles with Accused or Defendant ............................................................................................... 22 PART II .......................................................................................................... 22 1 PARTICIPANT IN THE CRIMINAL PROCEEDING ....................................... 22 CHAPTER FOUR ....................................................................................... 22 THE STATE INSTITUTIONS AND OFFICIALS TO ADMINISTER CRIMINAL PROCEEDING ......................................................................... 22 Article 26. Institutions to Administer Inquiry ............................................ 22 Article 27. Institutions to Administer Investigation ................................... 23 Article 28. Inquiry Officer and Investigator .............................................. 24 Article 29. Powers of Heads of Inquiry and Investigative Agencies ........ 25 Article 30. Procurator .............................................................................. 26 Article 31. Court ...................................................................................... 26 Article 32. Court Composition ................................................................. 26 Article 33. Full power of Court ................................................................. 26 Article 34. Rights and Duties of Citizens' Representatives ..................... 27 CHAPTER FIVE ......................................................................................... 27 PARTICIPANTS IN PROCEEDINGS TO PROTECT THEIR OWN INTERESTS OR INTERESTS OF REPRESENTING PERSONS .............. 27 Article 35. Suspect .................................................................................. 27 Article 36. The Accused .......................................................................... 28 Article 37. Legal Representative of a Minor Suspect and Accused ......... 29 Article 38. Defense Counsel ................................................................... 29 Article 39. Selection and Replacement of Defense Counsel .................. 30 Article 40. Obligatory Involvement of Defense Counsel .......................... 30 Article 41. Duties and Rights of Defense Counsel .................................. 30 Article 42. Victim ..................................................................................... 31 Article 43. Civil Plaintiff ........................................................................... 32 Article 44. Civil Defendant ...................................................................... 33 CHAPTER SIX ........................................................................................... 33 OTHER PARTICIPANTS OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS ................ 33 Article 45. Witness ................................................................................. 33 Article 46. Expert ................................................................................... 34 Article 47. Translator, Interpreter ............................................................ 34 CHAPTER SEVEN ..................................................................................... 35 CIRCUMSTANCES PRECLUDING POSSIBILITY OF PARTICIPATING IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS, CHALLENGES ............................................. 35 Article 49. Circumstances Barring Judge From Participating in Consideration of Criminal Case .............................................................. 35 Article 50. Grounds Prohibiting Repeated Participation of Judge in Consideration of Case ............................................................................ 35 Article 51. Challenge to Judge ................................................................ 36 Article 52. Procedure for Ruling on Challenge to Judge ......................... 36 Article 53. Challenge to Procurator ......................................................... 36 Article 54. Challenge to Investigator and Inquiry officer .......................... 37 Article 55. Challenge to Secretary of Judicial Session ............................ 37 Article 56. Challenge to Translator, Interpreter ....................................... 37 Article 57. Challenge to Expert ............................................................... 38 PART III ......................................................................................................... 38 MEASURES OF COERCION IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS....................... 38 CHAPTER EIGHT ...................................................................................... 38 Arrest OF SUSPECT .................................................................................. 38 Article 58. Grounds for Arresting a Suspect ............................................ 38 2 Article 59. Procedure for Arresting of Suspect ........................................ 38 Article 60. Releasing a Suspect .............................................................. 39 Article 61. Notification on Arrest of a Suspect ......................................... 39 CHAPTER NINE ......................................................................................... 39 MEASURES OF RESTRAINT .................................................................... 39 Article 62. Application of Measures of Restraint ..................................... 39 Article 63. Circumstances to be Considered When Selecting a Measure of Restraint ............................................................................................. 40 Article 64. Signed Promise Not to Depart ............................................... 40 Article 65. Personal Surety ..................................................................... 40 Article 66. Surveillance by Command of Military Unit ............................. 40 Article 67. Bail