Pre-water audit for the Volta River Basin, West Africa (River bank restoration along White Volta in northern Ghana) Bart J.M. Goes for the PAGEV Project and IUCN-BRAO Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, July 2005 Table of contents Figure..................................................................................................................................................................... iii List of tables........................................................................................................................................................... iii List of appendices .................................................................................................................................................. iii Abbreviations......................................................................................................................................................... iv 1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The Volta River Basin............................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 The PAGEV Project................................................................................................................................ 3 1.3 Objectives and terms of reference........................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Outline of report...................................................................................................................................... 3 2 Surface water .................................................................................................................................................. 5 2.1 River flow ............................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 River flow data................................................................................................................................ 5 2.1.2 Current river flow............................................................................................................................ 7 2.1.3 Predicted river flow......................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 Surface water uses................................................................................................................................... 9 2.2.1 Data on Surface water uses ............................................................................................................. 9 2.2.2 Analysis of surface water uses ...................................................................................................... 10 2.3 Surface water quality ............................................................................................................................ 15 2.3.1 Data on Surface water quality....................................................................................................... 15 2.3.2 Surface water quality field survey................................................................................................. 16 2.3.3 Analysis of surface water quality.................................................................................................. 17 3 Groundwater ................................................................................................................................................. 18 3.1 Groundwater data.................................................................................................................................. 18 3.2 Analysis of the aquifer in the Volta Basin ............................................................................................ 18 3.3 Groundwater uses.................................................................................................................................. 18 3.4 Further analysis of groundwater data.................................................................................................... 19 4 Rainfall.......................................................................................................................................................... 20 4.1 Rainfall data .......................................................................................................................................... 20 4.2 Analysis of rainfall data ........................................................................................................................ 20 5 Water audit.................................................................................................................................................... 21 5.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................... 21 5.2 Candidates for the water audit............................................................................................................... 21 5.3 Proposed TOR for the water audit ........................................................................................................ 23 5.3.1 Relevance of current activities in the basin................................................................................... 23 5.3.2 Relevant experiences and studies for the water audit.................................................................... 23 5.3.3 Exclusion from water audit ........................................................................................................... 23 5.3.4 Strategy for minimizing delays during water audit ....................................................................... 23 5.3.5 Water audit components................................................................................................................ 24 5.4 Estimated time to carry out the water audit........................................................................................... 26 5.5 Surface water quality study................................................................................................................... 26 6 Summary, conclusions and recommendations .............................................................................................. 28 6.1 Summary ............................................................................................................................................... 28 6.2 Conclusions........................................................................................................................................... 28 6.3 Recommendations................................................................................................................................. 29 6.3.1 Technical recommendations.......................................................................................................... 29 6.3.2 Collaboration and networking related recommendations.............................................................. 30 Acknowledgements............................................................................................................................................... 31 Reviewed literature ............................................................................................................................................... 32 ii Figure Figure 1 GIS map of the Volta River Basin (see Appendix 1c for river flow stations)..................................... 2 List of tables Table 1 Overview of the annual surface water resources in the Volta River Basin........................................ 7 Table 2 Overview of the major surface water uses in the White Volta sub-basin. ....................................... 10 Table 3 Overview of the major surface water uses in the Black Volta sub-basin......................................... 11 Table 4 Overview of the major surface water uses in the Oti sub-basin....................................................... 11 Table 5 Overview of the major surface water uses in Lower Volta sub-basin.............................................. 12 Table 6 Overview of possible expansions of currents water uses and possible new future water uses ......... 14 Table 7 Water quality parameters tested for this assignment........................................................................ 16 Table 8 Summary of groundwater production for rural and urban water supply (excluding irrigation) in the Volta Basin in Ghana and Burkina Faso ........................................................................................... 19 Table 9 Estimated time required to carry out the Water Audit (working days) ............................................ 26 List of appendices Appendix 1a Metadata for river flow stations in Burkina Faso (Kam, 2002). Appendix 1b Metadata for river flow stations in Ghana (HSD) Appendix 1c Metadata for river flow stations obtained from GRDC Appendix 2 Results of field water quality tests Appendix 3 Itinerary iii Abbreviations AGRYMET a specialized institute of the Permanent Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel (CILSS), it includes Burkina Faso and not Ghana (Niamey, Niger) CERSGIS Centre for Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Services, University of Ghana, Legon CIDA Canadian International Development Agency CSIR Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (Accra, same as WRI) CGIAR