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It's taking the available with advanced cassette world by storm. TS-698 ^PIONEER The Best Sound Going. 'ectronics of America, 1925 E. DominguezSt., Long Beach, CA 90810. To find your nearest dealer, toll-free, call: (800) 447-4700. In Illinois: (800) 322-4400. 46 WHAT IS APPLE PASCAL? Specifications APPLE PASCAL™, incorporating UCSD PASCAL™, offers extended features in a complete, interactive package employing today's most sophisticated structured programming language. It provides advanced capabilities that boost performance and cut development time for large business, scientific, and educational programs. The software package provides a powerful set of Question! tools tor the serious programmer: EDITOR • Fast, screen-oriented editor for program devel­ Q: What is PASCAL ? opment and word processing A. PASCAL is a relatively new programming lan­ • 80-character lines (upper/lower case) avail­ guage first implemented in 1970 by its inventor, able with external CRT terminal Professor Niklaus Wirth. It was devised to over­ • 80-character lines available in standard APPLE come some of the problems and deficiencies in using horizontal scrolling. existing programming languages. The language COMPILER is named after the famous mathematician Blaise Standard PASCAL plus extensions for strings, disk Pascal. files, graphics, system programming: Q: What improvements does PASCAL offer with • Hi-Res Graphics: "Turtlegraphics": simplifies display production: respect to other languages? INITTURTLE, PENCOLOR, TURNTO, TURN, A: There are two innovations that set PASCAL apart MOVE, TEXTMODE GRAF MODE from other contemporary programming lan­ • Text: GOTOXY procedure for cursor addres­ guages. The first is its consistent, straightforward sing design that makes programming easier for a Split screen or horizontal scrolling number of reasons, not the least of which is that FUNCTION KEYPRESS tells whether there is less to remember. With this simplicity character available comes a great deal of power, since PASCAL • Library Routines: offers recursive routines, elegant features for FUNCTION RANDOM structuring programs in terms of the user's needs, PROCEDURE RANDOMIZE and relatively efficient use of storage space FUNCTION PADDLE without sacrificing speed. FUNCTION BUTTON The second innovation lies in its use of data PROCEDURE TTLOUT structures. Instead of having to state a problem FUNCTION KEYPRESS only in terms of abstract computer-science struc­ And more. FILER tures (such as arrays or files), you can create General purpose program for manipulating disk data structures that reflect the way you are files already used to thinking about your work. SYSTEM UTILITIES Q: What are the major benefits of using PASCAL ? • CALCULATOR - performs basic calculations A: There are a large number of benefits: • SETUP - allows examination and modifica­ • PASCAL simplifies development of large prob­ tion of system operating environment lems by providing convenient mechanisms PASCAL operates in a 48K Apple with one disk drive for breaking down a complex problem into and an Apple Language Card. An external 80-column manageable parts. terminal can be attached. The package includes: • PASCAL has built in error-checking that reduces debugging time, thus lowering programming Language card (16K RAM, 2K ROM) 5 diskettes, including costs. This error-checking goes beyond the Integer Basic usual syntax testing provided by other lan­ Applesoft Extended Basic guages. It includes type and range checking PASCAL System that catches many logical errors. IC puller • PASCAL lowers maintenance costs. It is easier Full set of manuals 1 PASCAL reference card (Order No: A2B0006) • Questions and Answers about PASCAL Q: What is PASCAL ? to find errors due to the clear structure and Can the Apple run PASCAL programs written for A. PASCAL is a relatively new programming lan­ modularity of PASCAL. Every programming other computers? guage first implemented in 1970 by its inventor, manager knows how difficult it can be for a PASCAL is more uniform from installation to instal­ Professor Niklaus Wirth. It was devised to over­ second programmer to "pick up" a program lation than BASIC. Most PASCAL programs found come some of the problems and deficiencies in written by someone else. This problem is mini­ in magazines and books will run in APPLE existing programming languages. The language mized by PASCAL. PASCAL . All programs written for any computer in is named after the famous mathematician Blaise • PASCAL programs, in their ready-to-run, com­ UCSD PASCAL will run directly on the Apple. Pascal. piled form, take less space and execute more I already have an APPLE II. What else do I need Q: What improvements does PASCAL offer with quickly than their equivalents in BASIC. to program in PASCAL ? respect to other languages? • PASCAL is extensible - you can add your own The minimum requirements are 48K of memory, A: There are two innovations that set PASCAL apart commands and data types so that the pro­ at least one disk drive, and our new Language from other contemporary programming lan­ gram will reflect your needs, not those of the System. guages. The first is its consistent, straightforward language designer. You cannot do this in What is the Language System? design that makes programming easier for a BASIC, FORTRAN or COBOL. The Language System consists of16K of write- number of reasons, not the least of which is that • PASCAL can run large, powerful applications protectable memory on a plug-in card, the there is less to remember. With this simplicity on inexpensive hardware. Auto-Start ROM, and software that allows you to comes a great deal of power, since PASCAL Q: Why is PASCAL said to be the future major take advantage of this additional memory with offers recursive routines, elegant features for language for microcomputers? Apple's BASIC languages as well as PASCAL . This structuring programs in terms of the user's needs, A: It gives the full power of a mature, sophisticated package gives the Apple user a full 64K of RAM. and relatively efficient use of storage space language in an inexpensive, microprocessor- The Language System comes with many tutorial without sacrificing speed. based environment. Apple's PASCAL is not a and reference manuals. The second innovation lies in its use of data stripped-down mini-PASCAL, but a full-feature How much does it cost? structures. Instead of having to state a problem implementation. The complete package has a suggested retail only in terms of abstract computer-science struc­ Q: I already know BASIC. How difficult is it to learn price of $495. tures (such as arrays or files), you can create PASCAL ? When will this package be available? data structures that reflect the way you are A: You can get results while discovering how easy The Language System including PASCAL will be already used to thinking about your work. it is to learn this new language. Programmers available in the third quarter of '79. Q: What are the major benefits of using PASCAL ? appreciate the easy, free style of PASCAL that I do not have an 80 character display device in A: There are a large number of benefits: saves them time and money, and most BASIC my home, can I still program in PASCAL? • PASCAL simplifies development of large prob­ users can write their own PASCAL programs after Yes, Apple's ability to scroll horizontally easily lems by providing convenient mechanisms a few hours of reading the manuals and working accommodates PASCAL formats on the standard for breaking down a complex problem into with the system. 40-character CRT. manageable parts. Q: What is UCSD PASCAL™? How is it different from If I have questions when I'm programming in • PASCAL has built in error-checking that reduces other Pascals? PASCAL , can I get help from Apple? debugging time, thus lowering programming A: UCSD PASCAL is the full PASCAL language, and Yes. The Apple hot line service is available five costs. This error-checking goes beyond the includes a complete operating system with days a week. usual syntax testing provided by other lan­ utilities and extensions for commercial program­ How do I buy PASCAL ? guages. It includes type and range checking ming and system development. It has the ad­ See your nearest Apple dealer. that catches many logical errors. vantage of being supported and standardized • PASCAL lowers maintenance costs. It is easier by a major university. > Mr r\^OWy Just bring this pamphlet to your APPLE dealer! For the number of your local dealer call: In California 800-662-9238 In all other states 800-538-9696 tcippkz computer inc. 10260 Bandley Drive Cupertino California 95014 © 1979 APPLE COMPUTER INC. Apple Logo The Accessible Learning Language for Children and Adults. A product of Logo Computer Systems, Inc. Exclusively manufactured for and distributed by Apple Computer, Inc. New Directions in ir Learning...for Everyone. Here's the first computer language that's you learn to think in a logical manner.