NSTS 21492 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas Space Shuttle Program Payload Bay Payload User's Guide BASIC DECEMBER, 2000 NSTS 21492 SPACE SHUTTLE PROGRAM PAYLOAD BAY PAYLOAD USER'S GUIDE December 4, 2000 Approved By: Signed by Michele A. Brekke Michele A. Brekke Manager, Customer and Flight Integration NSTS 21492 DESCRIPTION OF CHANGES TO SPACE SHUTTLE PROGRAM PAYLOAD BAY PAYLOAD USER'S GUIDE CHANGE PAGES DESCRIPTION/AUTHORITY DATE NO. AFFECTED -- Basic issue/R21492-001 12/04/00 ALL 1 Update section 8.2.5.7, 8.2.7, 8.2.7.1, 05/24/01 8-14, 8-15, 8-17 8.4.1.3, and 8.4.2/R21492-0002 2 Update section 8.4.1.3 and appendix 10/17/02 vii, 8-17, 8-18, B/R21492-0003 8-19, 8-20, B-2 Table of Contents Section Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 1-1 2.0 SPACE SHUTTLE VEHICLE DESCRIPTION........................................... 2-1 2.1 Space Shuttle Vehicle............................................................... 2-1 3.0 SPACE SHUTTLE PERFORMANCE CAPABILITY ................................. 3-1 3.1 Typical Space Shuttle Mission.................................................. 3-1 3.2 Space Shuttle Cargo Capability................................................ 3-2 4.0 GROUND AND FLIGHT ENVIRONMENTS .............................................. 4-1 4.1 Ground Environment................................................................. 4-3 4.1.1 Thermal .................................................................................... 4-3 4.1.1.1 Payload Bay Temperatures ...................................................... 4-3 4.1.1.2 Payload Bay Purge................................................................... 4-4 4.1.1.3 Active Liquid Cooling ................................................................ 4-5 4.1.1.4 Prelaunch/Postlanding Spigot Cooling...................................... 4-6 4.1.1.5 Payload Active Cooling Kit........................................................ 4-6 4.1.2 Radiation and Electromagnetic................................................. 4-7 4.1.3 Contamination and Cleanliness ................................................ 4-7 4.1.3.1 Space Shuttle Contamination Environment .............................. 4-7 4.1.3.2 Ground Operations and Facilities Environments ...................... 4-9 4.1.3.3 Payload Bay During Ground Processing .................................. 4-12 4.1.3.4 Postlanding Conditions............................................................. 4-13 4.1.4 Mechanical ............................................................................... 4-13 4.2 Flight Environment.................................................................... 4-14 4.2.1 Thermal .................................................................................... 4-14 4.2.1.1 Payload Bay Temperatures ...................................................... 4-14 4.2.1.2 Orbiter Attitude Hold Capabilities.............................................. 4-18 4.2.1.3 Active Liquid Cooling ................................................................ 4-20 4.2.1.4 Payload Active Cooling Kit........................................................ 4-20 4.2.1.5 PACK Leakage Rates............................................................... 4-21 4.2.2 Radiation and Electromagnetic................................................. 4-21 4.2.2.1 Environments............................................................................ 4-21 4.2.2.2 Intentional Space Shuttle Radiated Emissions ......................... 4-21 4.2.2.3 Unintentional Space Shuttle Radiated Emissions..................... 4-22 4.2.2.4 Laser Systems Requirements................................................... 4-22 4.2.3 Contamination and Cleanliness ................................................ 4-23 4.2.3.1 Ascent Conditions..................................................................... 4-23 4.2.3.2 On-orbit Conditions................................................................... 4-26 4.2.3.3 On-orbit Contamination Sources and Effects............................ 4-28 4.2.3.4 Descent Conditions................................................................... 4-46 4.2.4 Mechanical ............................................................................... 4-47 4.2.4.1 Structural Loads........................................................................ 4-48 4.2.4.2 Vibration Loads......................................................................... 4-48 i SSP User's Guide Table of Contents 4.2.4.3 Acoustic Loads ......................................................................... 4-48 4.2.4.4 Shock Loads............................................................................. 4-48 4.3 Ferry Flight Environment .......................................................... 4-48 4.3.1 Thermal .................................................................................... 4-49 4.3.1.1 Payload Bay Temperatures ...................................................... 4-49 4.3.1.2 Payload Bay Purge................................................................... 4-49 4.3.1.3 Flight Phase Thermal Environment........................................... 4-49 4.3.1.4 Ground Phase Thermal Environment ....................................... 4-50 4.3.1.5 Payloads with Active Cooling Systems..................................... 4-50 4.3.2 Contamination and Cleanliness ................................................ 4-50 4.3.3 Mechanical ............................................................................... 4-51 5.0 SPACE SHUTTLE PAYLOAD INTERFACES........................................... 5-1 5.1 Mechanical Interfaces............................................................... 5-1 5.1.1 Introduction............................................................................... 5-1 5.1.1.1 General Information.................................................................. 5-1 5.1.1.2 Coordinate Systems ................................................................. 5-1 5.1.2 Mechanical and Physical Payload Interfaces............................ 5-2 5.1.2.1 Payload Bay Envelope.............................................................. 5-2 5.1.2.2 Orbiter Attachment Locations ................................................... 5-3 5.1.2.3 Attachment Provisions for Payloads ......................................... 5-6 5.1.3 Sidewall Mounted Payload Accommodations........................... 5-10 5.1.3.1 Attachment/Installation ............................................................. 5-10 5.1.3.2 Get-Away Special Payload Accommodations........................... 5-11 5.2 Electrical Power Interfaces ....................................................... 5-12 5.2.1 Electrical Power for Payloads ................................................... 5-12 5.2.1.1 Power Availability...................................................................... 5-12 5.2.1.2 124 V Direct Current Power...................................................... 5-13 5.2.1.3 Aft Bus Power........................................................................... 5-13 5.2.1.4 Auxiliary Direct Current Power.................................................. 5-13 5.2.1.5 Alternating Current.................................................................... 5-13 5.2.2 Payload Wiring and Harnesses ................................................ 5-13 5.2.2.1 Remotely Operated Electrical Umbilical System....................... 5-15 5.2.2.2 Payload Power Switching Unit (PPSU)..................................... 5-17 5.2.2.3 Station Power Distribution Unit ................................................. 5-18 5.2.2.4 Power Accommodation Terminal.............................................. 5-20 5.2.2.5 Small Payload Accommodation Terminal ................................. 5-20 5.3 Command and Data Interfaces................................................. 5-21 5.3.1 Air-to-Ground Communication Systems ................................... 5-21 5.3.1.1 Space Network Ground Stations .............................................. 5-21 5.3.1.2 Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System................................ 5-22 5.3.2 Command Services for Payloads.............................................. 5-23 5.3.2.1 Hardwired Commands from the Standard Switch Panel........... 5-26 5.3.2.2 Payload Hardwired Multiplexer/Demultiplexer Commands....... 5-26 5.3.2.3 Commands Using the Payload Signal Processor ..................... 5-27 5.3.2.4 Commands Using the Payload Interrogator.............................. 5-27 ii SSP User's Guide Table of Contents 5.3.2.5 Software for Onboard-Initiated Single Commands.................... 5-27 5.3.2.6 T-0 Umbilical Commands ......................................................... 5-28 5.3.2.7 Uplink Commands through the Ku-band Forward Link ............. 5-28 5.3.2.8 Deployment Pointing Panel ...................................................... 5-28 5.3.2.9 Payload Safing Switches .......................................................... 5-28 5.3.2.10 Ku-band Signal Processor ........................................................ 5-29 5.3.2.11 Payload and General Support Computer.................................. 5-29 5.3.2.12 Small Payload Accommodations Switch Panel......................... 5-29 5.3.3 Data Processing and Display Services for Payloads ................ 5-29 5.3.3.1 Hardwired Displays from the Standard Switch Panel...............