Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 Kingdom Protista https://app.discoveryeducation.com/builders/boards?assetGuid=DD997775­CFFA­1055­558C­3E0314E3CA58&includeHeader=true&layout=default Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 Kingdom Protista • 65,000 identified species with almost half extinct * There is great variety in the way in which they move and obtain energy. Protists are microscopic *unicellular organisms *all reproduce asexually but a few can also reproduce sexually, exchanging genetic information *found in freshwater, marine, and moist terrestrial habitats ∙ many serve as food for other organisms in aquatic habitats; They are often called zooplankton (protozoans) or phytoplankton (algae) Protists are thought to have evolved about 1.5 billion years ago. Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 Grouped by how they obtain energy Protists are grouped into 3 general categories based on how they obtain their energy. Some can be both autotrophic and heterotrophic depending on the conditions for survival. 1. Animal-like - referred to as protozoans (pro means 'first,' and zo refers to 'animals'..the first animals) ∙ Ingest or absorb food after capturing or trapping it. 2. Plant-like - referred to as algae Produce food through photosynthesis 3. Fungus-like - referred to as slime molds and water molds Obtain food by external digestion as a decomposer or parasite Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 The means for movement (locomotion) of protists Protists are known for having one of the following 3 means of movement. 1) Flagellum - ex Euglena 2) Cilia - ex. Paramecium 3) Pseudopod - ex. Amoeba Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 1) Protists that move with a flagella aka Flagellates A flagella (or flagellum) is a long whip-like tail that the protist uses to move or to catch food. Flagellates can be animal­like, plant­like or fungus­like protists. "Zoo" means animal, so animal­like flagellates are called zooflagellates • Giardia is found in feces infested fresh water and is a parasite in the human intestine that causes severe abdominal cramps and diarrhea. Euglena • plant­like protists that have flagella • have chlorophyll • euglenas have no cell wall and ingest food similar to the way some protozoans do • euglenas are unique in that they are both photosynthetic and heterotrophic • possess a red 'eyespot' that enables them to detect light Trypanosomes cause sleeping sickness but are carried only by Tsetse flies Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 2) Protists that move by using "Cilia" ­ aka Ciliates Cilia are tiny hair­like projections that extend from the surface of their cell membrane. They use the cilia to: *sweep food into their mouth­like structures and *beat them in rhythm to move The most common know ciliate is the paramecium. Stentors and vorticella are also well known ciliates. Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 3) Protists that move by using a Pseudopod (false foot). Pseudopods - (false foot) fingerlike projections of the cell membrane and cytoplasm used to catch food and to move. Amoeba is the most familiar protist that moves with a pseudopod. • some amoebas that live in freshwater springs in countries such as Mexico can produce a painful diarrhea in those who have not developed an immunity to their effects Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 REVIEW Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 https://app.discoveryeducation.com/builders/boards?assetGuid=DD997775­CFFA­1055­558C­3E0314E3CA58&includeHeader=true&layout=default Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 https://students.ga.desire2learn.com/d2l/lor/viewer/viewFile.d2lfile/1798/12433/protists­fungi_print.html Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 Protist.notebook March 01, 2017 Protist Reading https://gtm­media.discoveryeducation.com/videos/DSC/data/888AE3B6­ BB02­4C59­A503­8196E42A38D7.pdf https://students.ga.desire2learn.com/d2l/lor/viewer/viewFile.d2lfile/1798/12433/protists­fungi_print.html http://www.ck12.org/life­science/Protist­Characteristics­in­Life­Science/lesson/Protist­Characteristics­MS­LS/?referrer=concept_details Protist.notebook March 01, 2017.