MAINE EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL BMPs – 10/2016 MAINE EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (BMPs) Manual for Designers and Engineers October 2016 MAINE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 17 State House Station | Augusta, Maine 04333-0017 www.maine.gov/dep MAINE EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL BMPs – 10/2016 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Production: 2016 Revision: Marianne Hubert, Senior Environmental Engineer, Division of Environmental Assessment, Bureau of Water Quality, Maine Department of Environmental Protection (DEP). Illustrations: Photos were obtained from SJR Engineering Inc., Shaw Brothers Construction Inc., Bar Mills Ecological, Maine Department of Transportation (DOT), Maine Land Use Planning Commission (LUPC) and Maine DEP. Technical Review: The following people participated in the revision of this manual: Steve Roberge, SJR Engineering, Inc., Augusta Ross Cudlitz, Engineering Assistance & Design, Inc., Yarmouth Susan Shaller, Bar Mills Ecological, Buxton David Roque, Department of Agriculture, Conservation & Forestry Peter Newkirk, Maine DOT Bob Berry, Main-Land Development Consultants Daniel Shaw, Shaw Brothers Construction Peter Hanrahan, E.J. Prescott William Noble, William Laflamme, David Waddell, Kenneth Libbey, Ben Viola, Jared Woolston, and Kerem Gungor of the Maine DEP Revision (2003): The manual was revised and reorganized with illustrations (original manual, Salix, Applied Earthcare and Ross Cudlitz, Engineering Assistance & Design, Inc.). Original (1991): The original document was funded from a US Environmental Protection Agency Federal Clean Water Act grant to the Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Non-Point Source Pollution Program and developed under contract by the Cumberland County Soil and Water Conservation District. MAINE EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL BMPs – 10/2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1 THE EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN .................................................................. 3 A. SITE DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................................... 6 1. DUST CONTROL .............................................................................................................................. 7 2. CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE / EXIT ............................................................................................. 8 3. OVERWINTER CONSTRUCTION .................................................................................................... 9 4. WATER DIVERSION ...................................................................................................................... 11 5. EXCAVATION DEWATERING ........................................................................................................ 13 6. CONCRETE WASHOUTS .............................................................................................................. 14 7. STOCKPILES .................................................................................................................................. 15 8. DEWATERING AND OFFSITE DISPOSAL .................................................................................... 16 9. TEMPORARY ROADS AND LAYDOWN YARDS .......................................................................... 18 B. SEDIMENT CONTROLS ......................................................................................................21 1. SILT FENCE.................................................................................................................................... 23 2. EROSION CONTROL MIX BERM .................................................................................................. 24 3. FILTER SOCKS .............................................................................................................................. 25 4. STONE CHECK DAMS ................................................................................................................... 26 5. STORM DRAIN INLET PROTECTION ........................................................................................... 27 6. HAY BALES .................................................................................................................................... 28 C. SEDIMENT CONTAINMENT ................................................................................................29 1. SEDIMENT TRAPS ......................................................................................................................... 30 2. SEDIMENT BASINS ....................................................................................................................... 31 3. GEOTEXTILE FILTER BAG ............................................................................................................ 38 4. FLOCCULANTS (POLYMERS) ...................................................................................................... 39 D. MULCHING ..........................................................................................................................40 1. HAY/STRAW MULCH ..................................................................................................................... 42 2. EROSION CONTROL BLANKETS ................................................................................................. 43 3. EROSION CONTROL MIX .............................................................................................................. 45 4. HYDRAULIC MULCH ...................................................................................................................... 46 E. VEGETATION ......................................................................................................................47 1. TOPSOIL ......................................................................................................................................... 49 2. SEEDBED PREPARATION ............................................................................................................ 50 i MAINE EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL BMPs – 10/2016 3. VEGETATION APPLICATION ........................................................................................................ 51 4. SODDING ........................................................................................................................................ 53 5. HYDROSEEDING ........................................................................................................................... 54 F. SLOPES ...............................................................................................................................55 1. CUTS AND FILLS ........................................................................................................................... 57 2. GEOTEXTILES ............................................................................................................................... 58 3. RIPRAP PROTECTION .................................................................................................................. 59 4. GABIONS ........................................................................................................................................ 62 5. TURF-REINFORCED MATTING (TRM) ......................................................................................... 64 6. CELLULAR CONFINEMENT SYSTEMS ........................................................................................ 65 7. SLOPE DRAINS .............................................................................................................................. 66 G. SWALES AND DITCHES .....................................................................................................68 1. VEGETATED CHANNELS .............................................................................................................. 70 2. RIPRAP CHANNEL ......................................................................................................................... 72 3. TURF REINFORCEMENT MAT ...................................................................................................... 74 4. LEVEL SPREADERS ...................................................................................................................... 75 H. CROSS CULVERTS .............................................................................................................77 1. PIPE INLET PROTECTION ............................................................................................................ 79 2. PIPE OUTLET PROTECTION ........................................................................................................ 80 I. ROADS ..............................................................................................................................82 1. GRAVEL ROADS ............................................................................................................................ 83 2. DITCH TURNOUTS ........................................................................................................................ 84 3. FRENCH DRAINS AND ROCK SANDWICHES ............................................................................. 86 J. STREAM CROSSINGS .........................................................................................................87 1. CULVERT CROSSINGS ................................................................................................................