National Inquiry into Enquête nationale Missing and Murdered sur les femmes et les filles Indigenous Women and Girls autochtones disparues et assassinées National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls Truth-Gathering Process Parts 2 & 3 Institutional & Expert/Knowledge -Keeper “Child & Family Welfare” Fort Garry Hotel, Grand Ballroom Winnipeg, Manitoba PUBLIC Mixed Part 2 & 3 Volume 11 Tuesday October 2, 2018 Panel 1 (continued): Cora Morgan, First Nations Children’s Advocate Office Sarah Clark, Executive Director, Arctic Children & Youth Foundation Dr. Amy Bombay, Assistant Professor, School of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University INTERNATIONAL REPORTING INC. II APPEARANCES Animakee Wa Zhing #37 First Whitney Van Belleghem (Legal Nation / Obashkaandagaang Counsel), Paloma Corrin First Nation / Eagle Lake (Legal Counsel) First Nation/Grassy Narrows First Nation / Ojibway Nation of Saugeen as a single collective party Assembly of First Nations Stuart Wuttke (Legal Counsel) Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs Joëlle Pastora Sala (Legal Counsel) Association of Native Child & Katherine Hensel (Legal Family Service Agencies Counsel), Theresa Stevens Ontario (ANCFSAO) (Representative) Awo Taan Healing Lodge Society Darrin Blain (Legal Counsel) Battered Women’s Support Angela MacDougall, Viola Services Thomas, Brandy Kane, Summer Rain Bentham (Representatives) Canadian Association of Chiefs Ashley Smith (Legal Counsel) of Police (CACP) Congress of Aboriginal Peoples Alisa Lombard (Legal Counsel) Directeur des poursuites Anny Bernier (Legal Counsel) criminelles et pénales (Québec) Downtown Eastside Women Centre Carol Martin, Reta Blind (Representatives) Eastern Door Indigenous Natalie D. Clifford Women's Association (Legal Counsel) Government of Alberta Kate Bridgett (Legal Counsel) Government of Canada Lucy Bell (Legal Counsel), Anne McConville (Legal Counsel) III APPEARANCES Government of British Sara Pye (Legal Counsel) Columbia Jean Walters (Legal Counsel) Government of Manitoba Wendy Post, Samuel Thomas & Kendra Jarvinen (Legal Counsel) Government of New Brunswick Heather Hobart (Legal Counsel) Government of Newfoundland Dr. Judith Lovas and Labrador (Representative), Denise Spencer (Legal Counsel) Government of the Northwest Brad Porter (Legal Counsel) Territories Government of Saskatchewan Barbara Mysko (Legal Counsel) Independent First Nations Josephine de Whytell (Legal Counsel) Institute for the Advancement Rachelle Venne of Aboriginal Women (Representative) Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ITK) Elizabeth Zarpa (Legal Counsel) Liard Aboriginal Women’s Carly Teillet (Legal Counsel) Society Manitoba Keewatinowi Jessica Barlow (Legal Counsel) Okimakanak (MKO) Manitoba Moon Voices Tanis Wheeler & Alaya McIvor (Observers) Mishkeegogamang First Nation Paloma Corrin (Legal Counsel), Whitney Van Belleghem (Legal Counsel) IV APPEARANCES MMIWG Coalition Manitoba Catherine Dunn (Legal Counsel) Native Women’s Association of Virginia Lomax (Legal Counsel) Canada Native Women’s Association of Caroline Wawzonek Northwest Territories (Legal Counsel) New Brunswick Aboriginal Amanda LeBlanc Peoples Council (Representative) NunatuKavut Community Council Roy Stewart (Legal Counsel) Ontario Federation of Niki Hashie (Representative) Indigenous Friendship Centres Pauktuutit Inuit Women of Rachel Dutton (Representative) Canada, Saturviit Inuit Beth Symes (Legal Counsel) Women’s Association, AnânauKatiget Tumingit Regional Inuit Women’s Association, Ottawa Inuit Children's Centre and Manitoba Inuit Association, as a collective single party Regina Treaty Status Indian Erica Beaudin (Representative) Services Saskatchewan Association of Katrina Swan (Legal Counsel) Chiefs of Police Saskatchewan Aboriginal Kellie R. Wuttunee Women’s Circle (Legal Counsel) V APPEARANCES Treaty Alliance Northern Krystyn Ordyniec (Legal Ontario / Nishnawbe Aski Counsel), Anna Betty Nation / Grand Council Treaty Achneepineskum (NAN #3 Representative) Vancouver Sex Workers' Rights Carly Teillet (Legal Counsel) Collective Winnipeg Police Service Kimberly D. Carswell (Legal Counsel) VI TABLE OF CONTENTS Truth-Gathering Process Mixed Parts 2 & 3 Volume 11 Institutional & Expert / Knowledge-Keeper Hearings: “Family & Child Welfare” Panel 1: Cora Morgan, Sarah Clark & Dr. Amy Bombay (continued) Chair: Meredith Porter, Commission Counsel First Witness: Cora Morgan, First Nations Children’s Advocate Office First Witness: Cora Morgan, First Nations Children’s Advocate Office Counsel: Joëlle Pastora Sala, Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs Second Witness: Sarah Clark, Executive Director, Arctic Children and Youth Foundation Topic: “Family Supports & Domestic Violence” Counsel: Lillian Lundrigan, Commission Counsel Third Witness: Dr. Amy Bombay, Assistant Professor, School of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University Topic: “Transgenerational Trauma and Resilience” Counsel: Stuart Wuttke, Assembly of First Nations Heard by Chief Commissioner Marion Buller & Commissioners Michèle Audette, Brian Eyolfson & Qajaq Robinson Grandmothers, Elders, Family Members & Knowledge-keepers: Lorraine Clements (National Family Advisory Circle – NFAC), Lesa Semmler (NFAC), Louise Haulli, Pénélope Guay, Leslie Spillett, Laureen “Blu” Waters, Bernie Williams, Dave McPherson (Firekeeper), Benjamin Morrisseau (Firekeeper), Annie Bowkett, Thelma Morrisseau & Stan Lapierre, Jenny Lay, Isabella Daniels, Velma Orvis, Mary Crate & Agnes Spence, Brielle Beardy-Linklater Clerks: Maryiam Khoury & Gladys Wraight Registrar: Bryan Zandberg VII TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Opening Remarks 1 Panel 1: Cora Morgan, Sarah Clark & Dr. Amy Bombay CROSS-EXAMINATIONS OF PANEL I BY PARTIES WITH STANDING Cross-Examination by MS. VIRGINIA LOMAX 13 Cross-Examination by MR. STUART WUTTKE 22 Cross-Examination by MS. ALISA LOMBARD 31 Cross-Examination by MS. KATHERINE HENSEL 37 Cross-Examination by MS. CARLY TEILLET 48 Cross-Examination by MS. AMANDA LEBLANC 58 Cross-Examination by MS. JESSICA BARLOW 62 Cross-Examination by MR. DARRIN BLAIN 71 Cross-Examination by MS. ERICA BEAUDIN 80 Cross-Examination by MS. KELLIE WUTTUNEE 91 Cross-Examination by MS. RACHEL DUTTON 96 Cross-Examination by MS. JOËLLE PASTORA SALA 107 Cross-Examination by MS. CARLY TEILLET 120 Cross-Examination by MS. CATHERINE DUNN 128 Cross-Examination by MS. JOSEPHINE DE WHYTELL 137 Cross-Examination by MS. WHITNEY VAN BELLEGHEM 146 Cross-Examination by MS. CAROLINE WAWZONEK 162 Cross-Examination by MS. FRANCINE MERASTY 172 RE-EXAMINATION OF PANEL 1 BY COMMISSION COUNSEL Re-Examination by MR. STUART WUTTKE 181 QUESTIONS BY COMMISSIONERS Questions by Commissioner QAJAQ ROBINSON 182 Questions by Commissioner BRIAN EYOLFSON 189 Questions by Chief Commissioner MARION BULLER 191 Questions by Commissioner MICHÈLE AUDETTE 212 Questions by Commissioner QAJAQ ROBINSON 214 Closing Ceremony 228 1 1 Opening Ceremony 1 Winnipeg, Manitoba 2 --- The hearing starts on Tuesday, October 2, 2018 at 8:34 3 MS. SHAUNA FONTAINE: ...back here of day 4 two of our Institutional Experts/Knowledge Keeper Hearings 5 on the Family and Child Welfare. I would like to also 6 just begin and welcome everybody to Treaty 1 Territory and 7 the homeland of the Anishinaabe, Cree, Oji-Cree, Dakota 8 and Dené peoples and the Métis Nation. 9 To begin with this morning, I would like to 10 call upon both Agnes Spence and Velma Orvis to come and 11 provide some -- an opening prayer for us today, please. 12 MS. VELMA ORVIS: (Speaking Anishnabe). 13 Meegwetch, manidoo, for this day for everyone here that is 14 participating. We say meegwetch for those four 15 directions, the four colours of people, the four sacred 16 animals and four sacred plants around that medicine wheel. 17 We ask for that sharing and caring to come into each and 18 every one of us to be kind to each other, to respect each 19 other, to love each other the way Creator would want us 20 to, and may we be honest and truthful, and have the 21 humility and courage to do that. 22 We say meegwetch for the Commissioners, all 23 the people that work with the National Inquiry. And, we 24 especially say meegwetch for the families for the sharing 25 that they are going to do. And, we ask that each and 2 Opening Ceremony 1 every one of us hold them close to our hearts so that they 2 can do things in a good way, have the courage to do this 3 most important story. And, may each and every one of us 4 have a good day together as a community so that we remain 5 strong. Hay-hay, meegwetch. 6 MS. AGNES SPENCE: First of all, I would 7 like to thank the Creator for bringing us together here, 8 and I thank the sisters of this territory of our great 9 land, the sacred Canada, Kanata. And, I thank the sisters 10 and their families for allowing me to be in their 11 territory to be able to walk freely in their land. I 12 thank all the Commissioners, all the staff and everybody 13 for being here. 14 I welcome you all, honoured guests, elders, 15 ladies and gentlemen, and most of all, the children. We 16 are blessed with their presence. Ta-wow (phonetic), 17 greetings to all. I greet you all in the name of the 18 Father, of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and I thank you 19 for being here. Let us pray together. I will say a short 20 prayer and I will invite you to pray with me the prayer 21 that has been said before us according to the gospel of 22 our Lord. So, let us pray. 23 Heavenly Father, Creator of all, may your 24 Holy name be honoured in the entire universe. Be with us 25 here in Winnipeg as we remember the lives of our loved 3 Opening Ceremony 1 ones gone by, our loved