Con Edison Steam Best Practices Report Steam Use Efficiency & Demand Reduction Con Edison Steam Business Development October 2013 Page | 1 This page was intentionally left blank. Page | 2 Table of Contents I. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5 II. Reference Explanation of Demand Billing ................................................................................................................ 7 III. Economic Performance Summary ........................................................................................................................... 8 IV. Energy Efficiency Measures ....................................................................................................................................... 9 a. General Energy Efficiency Measures ........................................................................................................................ 9 i. Insulation of Steam Distribution Piping, Valves, and Fittings ................................................................. 9 ii. Steam Leak Repair ................................................................................................................................................. 10 b. Heating Distribution Energy Efficiency Measures............................................................................................ 12 i. Installation of a Building Management System .......................................................................................... 12 ii. Radiator System Optimization .......................................................................................................................... 12 iii. Implementation of Night Setback .................................................................................................................... 14 iv. Installation of Programmable Clock Thermostats .................................................................................... 14 v. Reduction of Winter Operating Temperatures .......................................................................................... 14 vi. Utilization of Rejected Heat ................................................................................................................................ 15 vii. Demand Control Ventilation .............................................................................................................................. 15 c. Steam Air Conditioning Energy Efficiency Measures ...................................................................................... 16 i. Raise Summer Operating Temperatures ...................................................................................................... 16 ii. Utilization of a Waterside Economizer .......................................................................................................... 16 iii. Utilization of an Airside Economizer .............................................................................................................. 16 iv. Replacement of Low Pressure Absorption Chillers.................................................................................. 16 v. Insulation of Chilled Water Distribution Piping, Valves, and Fittings .............................................. 17 d. Condensate Management .......................................................................................................................................... 18 i. Condensate Heat Recovery ................................................................................................................................. 18 ii. Condensate Reuse .................................................................................................................................................. 19 e. Domestic Hot Water (DHW) Energy Efficiency Measures ............................................................................. 20 i. DHW Recirculation Controls .............................................................................................................................. 20 ii. Reduction of DHW Temperatures ................................................................................................................... 20 f. Building Envelope ........................................................................................................................................................ 21 i. Weatherization of Building Envelope ............................................................................................................ 21 ii. Installation of Window Film .............................................................................................................................. 21 iii. Replacement of Single Pane Windows ........................................................................................................... 21 g. Facility Maintenance and Management Practices ........................................................................................... 22 Page | 3 i. Integration of Steam Demand Meter Data into BMS ................................................................................ 22 ii. Steam Trap Inspection and Maintenance ..................................................................................................... 22 iii. Expansion Joint Replacement ............................................................................................................................ 24 iv. Installation of Sub-Metering .............................................................................................................................. 24 v. Establishment of a “Green” Policy for Hotels .............................................................................................. 24 V. Demand Reduction Measures ..................................................................................................................................... 25 a. Heating Distribution Demand Reduction Measures ........................................................................................ 25 i. Application of the STEEMs Method ................................................................................................................. 25 ii. Steam Load Shifting ............................................................................................................................................... 25 iii. Adjustment of Air Handling Unit Schedules in a BMS ............................................................................. 26 iv. Reduction of Valve Hunting................................................................................................................................ 27 v. Zone Valve Sequencing and Scheduling ........................................................................................................ 28 b. Steam Air Conditioning .............................................................................................................................................. 30 i. Utilization of Hybrid Chiller Plants ................................................................................................................. 30 ii. Steam Load Shifting ............................................................................................................................................... 30 VI. New Technologies in Energy Efficiency ............................................................................................................. 31 i. Back-Pressure Steam Turbine Generators ................................................................................................... 31 ii. Fully-integrating Steam Chiller Control Systems ...................................................................................... 31 iii. Radiator Covers with Fans.................................................................................................................................. 32 VII. Appendix ......................................................................................................................................................................... 33 a. EMRA Energy Audits ................................................................................................................................................... 33 b. Storage of Thermal Energy in Existing Mechanical systems (STEEMs) ................................................... 37 d. Steam Demand Response Pilot Program ............................................................................................................. 42 e. Condensate Management Illustrations ................................................................................................................ 43 Page | 4 I. Introduction The purpose of this document is to provide general guidance on the efficient use of steam. The information contained herein is not intended to be advice or direction applicable to any specific installation. Please consult with a licensed engineer, plumber or steamfitter for the safe and proper operation and maintenance of your specific installation. This document is offered free of charge to current and potential customers of the Steam Business Unit of the Consolidated Edison Company of New York. While great care has gone into the preparation of this document, The Consolidated Edison Company of New York, Inc. does not warrant or guarantee numbers pertaining to operational cost savings,