RACISM IN CHIMAMANDA NGOZI ADICHIE’S AMERICANAH A THESIS BY MONICA MEGASARI REG. NO. 120705077 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I, MONICA MEGASARI , DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed : Date : July 20, 2018 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : MONICA MEGASARI TITLE OF THESIS : RACISM IN CHIMAMANDA NGOZI ADICHIE’S AMERICANAH QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed : Date : July 20, 2018 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEDGMENT Firstly, I would like to express my gratitude to the Almighty, Jesus Christ, mankind’s savior who loves me with His unconditional affection, holds my hand in every situations and blesses me with a great life that I can pass all problems in my life without changing and remove my faith in Him. Secondly, I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to those who have given me pray, advice, motivation, and help in accomplishing my thesis. They are : 1. My beloved parents, to whom this thesis is devoted, BewrlinPangaribuanand Linda Herawati, who always pray for me everytime and for everything. They are such a great motivator, supporter, advisor and my enthuasiasm charger that I can live my life until nowadays and accomplish this thesis. Thank you for your unconditional love, I cannot live without you. 2. My dearbrother Dennis MarthinYohanesPangaribuanwho have become my cheeriness and motivation, I do love you all. 3. Dr.Siti Norma Nasution, M.Hum as my supervisor and Dian Marisha Putri S.S M.Si as co-supervisor who have share their valuable ideas, times, guidance, and patience in process of completing this thesis. 4. Prof. Hj. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A, Ph.D as the head of English Department and RahmadsyahRangkuti, M.A., Ph.D the Secretary of English Department and all the lecturers of English Department who have shared many knowledge and experience. 5. KaRatnaCempaka, Bang Deril Clinton and Sardis Naviriwho always support and help me to finish this thesis. They always give their time to support me a lot. 6. Rosa, Irvan, Bang Sam, Bang Pandu, Michael Tambunan, SahatSimanjuntak, ElinaPangaribuanbecome such my family, thanks for the time, the laugh, the crazy moments we spent together, share many things in all the times, all of you are gifts from God. Also for all my friends in English Literature University of Sumatera Utara especially Class A 2012 that I can’t mention name by name, I will never forget you guys, may all us be succesfull in the future. Amin. UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 7. Jessica RachmawatiSitepu, Mey Sofia Sitohang and Lidia PutriAnggreni.My sister like my siblings who always support me and pray for me, our friendship still count. 8. Sir YunusIwanSaputra and Ibu Magdalena Panggabean as my Senior High School teacher at SMA Advent Bandung whoalways cherish me and support me to finish the thesis. 9. Finally, may this thesis be worthwhile for all of the readers, may the grace and love of God be with us forever. Amin Medan, July 2018 Monica Megasari Reg. No. 120705077 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT This thesis entitled Racism in ChimamandaNgoziAdichie’sAmericanahdiscusses about Ifemelu is a young woman from Nigeria living in the United States. The analysis use feminism as a theory to answer the problem. It was find Racism when she begins as she takes the train from Princeton, New Jersey, a nearby city that is much poorer to get braids done before returning to Nigeria. When Ifemelu returns to Nigeria after some delay due to a suicide attempt made by her beloved cousin Dike. She and Obinze must decide where their friendship and love stand. Though Obinze faces a tough decision due to having a wife and young daughter.The conclusion many African immigrants – portrayed in Ifemelu’s character - feel and suffer the pressure of a society that hinders their individual goals in life and the development of their own identities.black women undoubtedly suffer the consequences of this inseparable relationship. Ifemelu is then a clear example of African immigrants who have to put up with different situations in which – as a result of their race. They are discriminated against. Thus, Americanah convincingly illustrates the struggle that many African women have to endure in order to adapt to a new culture in order to succeed Keywords : racism, feminism UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Skripsi ini berjudul Racism in ChimamandaNgoziAdichie’sAmericanahyang membahas tentang Ifemelu adalah seorang wanita muda dari Nigeria yang tinggal di Amerika Serikat. Analisis ini menggunakan feminisme sebagai teori untuk menjawab masalah. Saat itu ia menemukan Rasisme ketika ia mulai naik kereta api dari Princeton, New Jersey, kota terdekat yang jauh lebih miskin untuk dikepang sebelum kembali ke Nigeria. Ketika Ifemelu kembali ke Nigeria setelah beberapa penundaan karena upaya bunuh diri yang dilakukan oleh sepupu tercinta, Dike. Dia dan Obinze harus memutuskan di mana persahabatan dan cinta mereka berdiri. Meskipun Obinze menghadapi keputusan sulit karena memiliki istri dan anak perempuan. Kesimpulan banyak imigran Afrika - digambarkan dalam karakter Ifemelu - merasakan dan menderita tekanan dari masyarakat yang menghalangi tujuan individual mereka dalam kehidupan dan pengembangan identitas mereka sendiri. perempuan kulit hitam tidak diragukan lagi menderita konsekuensi dari hubungan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan ini. Ifemelu adalah contoh nyata dari imigran Afrika yang harus menghadapi situasi yang berbeda - sebagai akibat dari ras mereka. Mereka didiskriminasikan. Dengan demikian, Americanah secara meyakinkan menggambarkan perjuangan yang harus ditanggung oleh banyak wanita Afrika untuk beradaptasi dengan budaya baru agar berhasil Kata kunci: rasisme, feminisme UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENTS Page AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ................................................................................ v COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ........................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. ix ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ x TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ xi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ........................................................... 1 1.2 Problem of the Study ................................................................. 6 1.3 Objective of the Study ............................................................... 6 1.4 Scope of the Study .................................................................... 7 1.5 Significance of the Study .......................................................... 7 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Dynamic Structuralism.............................................................. 8 2.2 Feminism ................................................................................... 9 2.3 The History of Feminism Theory ............................................ 12 2.4 Theory of Feminism ................................................................ 14 2.5 Types of Feminism .................................................................. 16 2.5.1 Liberal Feminism ................................................................. 17 2.5.2 Radical Feminism ................................................................ 17 2.5.3 Socialist and Marxist Feminist ............................................. 18 2.6 Racism ..................................................................................... 18 2.7 Brief Description of Racism as Reflected in Americanah ...... 22 2.8 Hermeneutics Theory .............................................................. 24 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH 3.1 Research Design ...................................................................... 26 3.2 Data Collection........................................................................ 27 3.3 Data Analysis .......................................................................... 27 CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDING 4.1 Racism in Adichie’sAmericanah............................................. 29 4.2 Ifemelu’s Struggle toward Racism .......................................... 36 4.2.1 Ifemelu and Obinze : Maturity through Experience ............ 36 4.2.2 Ifemelu and Curt : Maturity through White Privilege .......... 41 4.2.3 Ifemelu and Curt : Maturity through Education ..................