Wind energy and economic recovery in Europe How wind energy will put communities at the heart of the green recovery Wind energy and economic recovery in Europe How wind energy will put communities at the heart of the green recovery October 2020 windeurope.org Wind energy and economic recovery in Europe: How wind energy will put communities at the heart of the green recovery WindEurope These materials, including any updates to them, are The socio-economic impact evaluation of wind energy on published by and remain subject to the copy right of the European Union has been carried out using the SNA93 the Wood Mackenzie group ("Wood Mackenzie"), its methodology (System of National Accounts adopted in licensors and any other third party as applicable and are 1993 by the United Nations Statistical Commission) and made available to WindEurope (“Client”) and its Affiliates Deloitte’s approaches, which evaluate the effects of the under terms agreed between Wood Mackenzie and Client. renewable energy in the economy. 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Laia Miró, WindEurope It makes choices as to what it prints, and how, based on MORE INFORMATION: environmental criteria. The CO2 emissions of the printing [email protected] process are then calculated and compensated by green +32 2 213 18 11 emission allowances purchased from a sustainable project. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................... 7 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 13 2. WIND ENERGY TODAY AND 2030 SCENARIOS ................................................... 15 3. BOOSTING THE EU ECONOMY ...................................................................................... 20 2.3.1. Jobs ................................................................................................................................ 20 3.2. Contribution to EU GDP .......................................................................................... 22 INSERT3.3. Exports .......................................................................................................................... HERE 29 4. THE INDUSTRIAL FOOTPRINT OF WIND ENERGY IN EUROPE .................... 33 THE4.1. What NAME kind of companies comprise the supply chain of wind energy? ..... 34 4.2. Wind turbine manufacturers ............................................................................... 35 4.3. Wind turbine components: A €50bn market ................................................. 38 OF4.4. THEWhere are wind components manufactured? .............................................. 40 5. BENEFITS TO COMMUNITIES ......................................................................................... 50 CONTENTS 5.1. Taxes ................................................................................................................................ 51 CHAPTER5.2. Community benefit funds ....................................................................................... 56 5.3. Benefits-in-kind .......................................................................................................... 62 5.4. Initiatives for community engagement by municipalities ......................... 64 5.5. Community ownership ............................................................................................. 66 5.6. Just Transition ........................................................................................................... 68 6. HAPPY CO-EXISTENCE .................................................................................................... 69 6.1. Defence, military and civil aviation ................................................................... 70 6.2. Nature conservation and restoration ............................................................... 70 6.3. Farming .......................................................................................................................... 71 6.4. Fisheries ......................................................................................................................... 73 ANNEX I ............................................................................................................................................ 76 ANNEX II ........................................................................................................................................... 78 ANNEX III.......................................................................................................................................... 93 Wind energy and economic recovery in Europe: How wind energy will put communities at the heart of the green recovery 3 WindEurope Figure 1 The benefits of wind energy in 2019 and 2030 ........................................... 11 Figure 2 Cumulative wind power capacity in Europe (EU 27+ UK) as of 1 July 2020........................................................................................................... 16 Figure 3 Cumulative wind power capacity in Europe (EU 27+ UK): 2020 to date and possible scenarios to 2030................................................ 18 Figure 4 Average annual installations to 2030 for Europe (EU 27+ UK) ................ 18 Figure 5 Direct and indirect jobs in the wind energy industry .................................... 21 Figure 6 European wind energy direct jobs by sub-sector .......................................... 21 Figure 7 Jobs in WindEurope’s scenarios to 2030 ......................................................... 22 Figure 8 Direct and indirect contribution of wind energy to EU GDP (real prices, constant 2010) ..................................................................................... 23 Figure 9 Contribution per GW of wind energy to EU GDP (real prices, constant 2010) ...................................................................................... 23 Figure 10 Distribution of the EU added value generated by the wind energy