Process and project sheets for a one- year course in graphic arts in high school Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Chidester, Otis Holden, 1903- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 27/09/2021 04:38:02 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347667 PROCESS AND PROJECT SHEETS FOR A ONE-YEAR COURSE IN GRAPHIC ARTS IN HIGH SCHOOL by Otis H. Chidester A Thesis submitted to the faculty of the Department of Education in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Graduate College University of Arizona 19^8 Approved: Director of Thesis Date ■ ■ U- ft : . V.. if b r a 7J2, Ki- ■ TABLE 0F: CONTENTS'- Chapter- . • io :mTa%3DHCTion ; - _ History .of the Graphic. Arts. -„ ■ r' .'I' ' : The Development of the Alphabet 1 ■ ' v ' - The Development of -Paper. 2 /..tt;:. The Development of - the Book. hir,. - The Invention of Printing . .... 5 . ’ ’ - _ Place in the School Curriculum =- . : Aime - of the Couree «' tp'. - . » . 11 General Educational . r i: . 12 . ' - : ^vocational . * . .: . .y. - 14. .. ty/h -tyh - : Vocational. y . , . y y-;::/ yyySurv%: of Saterlals in^the field ■II . ; : : : Statement of the Problem h / o: y»/: ^ ; 22 ;;h;. Limitations of the Problem . - . - y 'S2.. ■■ 11= m o c E D m m y 23 . ' • -Organizatioh p. .... «. , - . , > -V" 2 ' Analysis . • « . ... = = . ,■•••• -' .. - Process Analysis. oy:>- . , 24 - : ' - Project Analysis. - . >y<, . ■ .yt 25 lIIo: PSbCESS: AID ' PROJICT; SBBETS , . .; . ;28: :Method of Treatment?: . ' «.;; y.'. Py -'-o tp ? : 28 Process Sheets . p. y . ;ryy-y = y t r «P Hand Composition^ . p, y y y.. y . 31 • C”li -Learning the Parts of Type . C=2 s. • Leafhihg the Type Case . »y; 33 0=3: Setting the Composing Sticky 3 .y C=4y Learning the Type Case . <• -> 3 y'p yyc^t?-: The Printers0 System of ; . Measurements. = . „ .’'1 C.=6 s Learning the Spacing System, 8 yt r P c = 7 S ' Distinghishing Difficult y-/ : p; : y y p ;- Characters y - .p? y - C-Si Learning to Read Type. „ ill ^ pC“pg- v Learning the Use of Leads and ;P . -. p.; . ' SlUgS . ' 5. .o ' .o/v . o o ; o o . t> 47 v. .yV;:- : :: :',': ,: egaP ' G^O:' Classifying-Type Faces 9:»' = ■ 49 - •' ; ' G“ll: Spacing and Justifying:Lines . 53 ■.C“X2g Tying Type Forms o o . , * . , : 55 ; i; C=13g Taking Proofs« . 0 :.0: y ■»': >.':0y 6: ;5 7 : 1:, ,C-14§ Proofreading : ' {0: »' 5 • 593: C-15s , Making Corrections , , , » , k 61 ' 0-l6i Distributing Type and Type v ' '; - v . ■ ' Forms x, » o = . ? p -» '<.■ , 63 C“17i Setting Functuation -MarkSc,. ’ .■ FarLff-.lo © »; 0,0 o o 9 .0 o o 66 ; C^l8 g. .SettingrPtmetUatlon^MarkS'g v/y, Part 11 =, 0 « . o <, « .0 9 o 68 : C”19» Justifying Full Lines» » '<, « 69 . .y :P C^20g Spacing; Optical Illusions^ y t , 71 ; yC-21 g Setting and Spacing Capitals . ' 73: ■: y. ■ 0-22 g Setting Indentations » » , . „ ?4 C-23S "Setting Hanging Indentations » 75 . : 0-2-4 = Setting Diagonal Indentations ,; " 76 0-25# Setting Squared Indentations•k • 77 V . y 0-26 g Setting: Half-diamondl . ,Vv y -y. ' Indentations. =>; :>' , » « = . 78 . ; y ; C-27g Setting Poetry Indentations<, . ; 79 C«28g Letter Spacing o . c » « » = o 83 y C-29: Piecing Leads and Other :: y y:y y ■ ■ ' ■ ; v Spacing. Materials 0 ,ky> .o.' ■» y - 85 ’ - G-30s. Lining Leaders With Figures= : c 86 G-31g Lining Roman Numerals. ' ' . <, 90 : ; c-3 2 g . .sattingyMultiple toy-. .-v. .: - ' ' v : ' Justifications 0 0 = , . .V. 92 Imposition o . » .>■ . o » = 0; .= = . ok. 94 1-1 g Spacing out a Form k » • »/; »/ * y 94 :-y :y: 1-24 Looking up a Form. 0 . ;vv;.> : k' : y 95:,' y. ; Press^rko ■ .:o o:-.k'k ro o' 0 .0 o 0 . 0 o o- 99 P-lg, ,Putting the yjob on the Press « 99 k.::yg, yP“2g; y Feeding ythe : Pres So y.= » » y « = 102 - ■ S m d ery 0 0 © © © . 0 © © © o © o * ? . 0 © « 104 / i' - p B-ll Cutting S16ck© © k © © © © ..©'y ©. 1 0 4 . ty . B-2§ Caring'for Printed yStocky ©' - © © ^ 106 - - :'y y B-3:3y'' PaddingyPrinted Stock© ©y''© -:©- >' . 107 .i .B-4s ,Bindery' ProcesseSo:;.yp © © ^©-:©yy© ' y 109 Pro j ect; Sheets©,. = k : k , = y.: © © .© - © © & . © - 112 Imprinting a Book Plate © k © © . © ©-' = 112 : yykk . Imprinting Christmas Cards © ' © © y © ©, k 1131 Printing Persdnal Cards. © © © © .© © k-: . 114 : y y: Making a,.Telephone: Pad© © © © © : © ». ©'. Il6 ■ Printing' Personal; Stationery© :ky; .© © ©yy. 11. Chapter . r;:'." . P ® ^ ' :- :% zp rL'- Printing Personal Envelopes „ i; pV 119 : a Note-book.Cover pVo * ° »/ = ; 120 " Making a Snapshot Albmio « . , . 121 Printing a Party Invitations . '-d';j.PP 121.- pBlBLIOCBAPHl ..o 1' ? V ^ vo -o;.-1 ,y P 122 ’ TABLE OF FIGURES I, TABLE SHOWING DERIVATIONS OF THE LETTERS' • ■ ; r . ; AND A FEW. CHARACTERISTIC STYLES OF LETTERING;: 2 IIo. REPRODUCTION OF THE 4-2-LINE GUTENBERG : ^ BIBLE IN THE COLLECTION OF THE 'HUNTINGTON ■ ■''. ; L- • L LIBRARY g - SAN. MARINO§ CALIFORNIA o ;a; - 0 ; LL Ill, FRANKLIN3- THE PRINTER BY CHARLES E„’MILLS o-' . :C: IV. PRINTING IS ’ A VITAL FORCE IN' THE . FIELD QF; ' ^TR :. EDUCATION ................. 13 v.; PARTS OF TYPE- . :.R ..'o./ol;.;. /,":■■ 31/ ; VI. HOW ELEMENTS: AND' SmiFS/AFFECT TYPE STYLES. 33 • V. ■ VII. CHARACTERS IN THE AVERAGE FONT OF TYPE.. .. 3b , :v;/ VIII.; ■: THE LAY OF, THE CALIFORNIA JOB CASE. O . 35 IX. EM QUADS. b2 .0; x. spaces'/and QUADS.:, . v; . ./A . ' W - - :V:> • . S. --. RELATIONSHIP' OF THE- SPACES ' TO; THB’ W QUAD- ,' . A] ' : './ XII. / W SPACES Aim . QUADS . : A 44 ' 0 ; Xlilo ' AID; IN DISTlNGUISHING DIFFICULT 45 XIV. LOGOTYPES FOUND IN VARIOUS TYPE FONTS .'. 46 XV.: HOW COMPOSED: TYPE LOOKB IN A";STIGE,.AND: : . x . IN PRINTED FORM ........... 4? ' :,XVI. RELATIVE; THIpENESS OF LEADS , AND1 SLUGS . ;. ;. 48' . ; XVII. - EXAMPLES OF FIVE TYPE CLASSIFICATIONS '' O « . A ' 49 . ; - / XV11I.O : SCSiE; MIHBERS:.;OF THE■ CHELTENHAM FAMILY ( y s':: ^ : , ,' ' Page y : JJX.r A SEBIES OF GAEAMOm fYPE vo; „ : „ ;i « . % ' %X, A JUSTIFIED LINE OF TYPE. \ .'..... » „ 53 . XXI. CORRECT MAI TO: HGLB A. ■SIIGi: X o’.''V': I *$*■_ : 'XXII. : HOW 10 IIE;TO o o . V. o > . 0 o \ 56 : XXIII.o ; HOW :$0: FASIEi: $EE E % ^ 0 F ISE STRING ■ ; : 56 : 'XXIVov 'STAffl3ARD MoOFREADIIG'MARKS: I . 6:X . ^ . 60 " XX?.' HOWTO REMOVE A.. LIRE FROM THE GALLEX TO V . 1 THE. STICK FOR CORRECTION. , . .;.; . .61 O xxviE : ;The:% OF TYPE.: . , 62 XXVII o.: THE PROP# MAY TO MAKE CORRECTIONS IK c :.: .vY ; ;THE STICK.E = : »Eo\ ..W . v >: .. ..X:' „ „ 62 XXFIII. ' .PROPER/ METHOD OF HOLDING AIT) .DISTRIBUTING . Tl'P^tij ■ . o o e 0.0 o 0 0 0 o . o ' -- o o o o o e" o o - . 6^P ; ‘ixiXoI- LEADS AKB: SLUGS AS THEY ACfpDLATE IK-THE ' : : V . - ‘ GALLEY o ,0 o © © - o o .0 D O 0 .0 o © o o -e, ‘ o o 66 :' XX X A . LEADS AND SLUGS SORTED AND READY TO BE . J.. ^ • A RETURKED. TO THE. RACK. : © © G v © . © , © © = 66 .CHAPTER ;• bitroduction _ ■- /; V':'':-;' ; V; :. , . ; ■ . Ms tory; o f ^ the; ;;Arts; - * ' ; . liAnd this pul? noble art of Printing - v ’ is the. very foster mother of ail learning§ / . for although the few had books before John ..Gutenburg gave ms our aftg not until. : - ' :: Pfintirig eame -edulti learning 9 yea: and c . ;: V- Wisdom also c, knock '.at ■ every ma n B s do or o’11 ; r-- ' t ■ v':: - • ■ From the Latinof CordeliuSj The Development of the Alphabets ' When man erected the first pile of stones to record an important event9 the : Graphic Arts were borho This event took place many - • thousands of years ago and sinee that time all primitive peoples have9 im One way or another9 attempted to record their important historical events^ The earliest known effoffs of man in the Graphic Arts field are found on the walls of eaves in the.foothills of the Pyrenees^ depleting such animals as horses 9 ■ bison and mammoths> :and/;the' hunting :activities^ of man0 Since that ■ . '. time: man has used such things as, knots in rope$ calendar■ sticks 9 painted shafts =, pefroglyphs 9 clay fablets 9 and ^ painting on animal hides to record eventsQ With the development of the cuneiform characters by the Chaldeans^ about id.0 0 0 .BoG0 9 the beginning of the ■ To ■ Cl eland Q Hardman Fo Our Pr ehi s tori cAnc e s tors c pp0 10=Mo 2 0 McMurtrie9 Douglas C 0 The Booko ppo Ml9o ' 2 development of the present alphabet, as we know it, was under way. The Egyptians followed with a form of picture writing or symbols called hieroglyphics, about 5500-N-000 B.C. It remained for the Phoenicians to devise a simple set of phonetic characters. Table of Alphabets and \ j e t x erin g Earlier Characters Lettering Phenician 1 ObjeCl and Name* (Caslon) Block Block letter Early Early English Lettering Modem face Modem Phenician Roman Typical Early Black letter Gothic Letter 11 II 1 I Old style 111 i i | | X Ox Aleph t f V A Aa A B <yfj Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa A 3 House • Beth 3 BP B © at fli Bb Bb Bb rib «b B J Camel • Gimel 7 r Gamma r > c C tff Cf Cc Cc Cc Cc (Hr C G e <8t Cg Gg G g Gg 0g \<6g G 1 Door • Daleth AA Delta AS D o D6 Dd Dd Dd Dd DD D n Window - He a E Epsilon E.