Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1973 The ffecE t of Three Levels of Duration and Intensity of Exercise Upon the Peripheral Vision and Depth Perception of Women. Gracie J. Purvis Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Purvis, Gracie J., "The Effect of Three Levels of Duration and Intensity of Exercise Upon the Peripheral Vision and Depth Perception of Women." (1973). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 2564. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/2564 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 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Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 74-18,360 PURVIS, Gracie J., 1946- THE EFFECT OF THREE LEVELS OF DURATION AND INTENSITY OF EXERCISE UPON THE PERIPHERAL VISION AND DEPTH PERCEPTION OF WOMEN. The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Ph.D., 1973 Education, physical University Microfilms,A XjEROXCompany, Ann Arbor, Michigan THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED. THE EFFECT OF THREE LEVELS OF DURATION AND INTENSITY OF EXERCISE UPON THE PERIPHERAL VISION AND DEPTH PERCEPTION OF WOMEN A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Health, Physical and Recreation Education by Gracie J. Purvis B.S., Winthrop College, 1967 M.S., University of Tennessee, 1968 December, 1973 DEDICATION Dedicated to my family ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . The writer would like to express her gratitude to the members of the committee and to her major professor, Dr, Jack K. Nelson, for the assistance received during the completion of this study. The writer is also grateful to Dr. Barton R. Farthing for his guidance in the statistical preparation of this dissertation. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................. ii LIST OF TABLES .................................................... vi LIST OF FIGURES.................. vii ABSTRACT ............................................................ viii Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................. 1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ................................ 3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY . .................................. 4 DEFINITION OF TERMS...................................... 4 DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY ............................. 5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY ........ ............... 5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY................................ 6 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ..................................... 7 STUDIES IN PERIPHERAL VISION ........................... 7 STUDIES IN DEPTH PERCEPTION............................. 12 STUDIES RELATING VISION TO PERFORMANCE ................. 17 STUDIES MEASURING THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE UPON VISION............................. 20 SUMMARY OF RELATED LITERATURE. ..................... 22 3. PROCEDURES................................................ 25 OVERVIEW ................................................ 25 SELECTION OF SUBJECTS.................................... 26 GROUPING OF S UBJECTS.................................... 27 iii lv Chapter ■ Page EQUIPMENT FOR TESTING AND MEASURING ........................ 27 PILOT STUDIES ................................................32 PERIPHERAL VISION TESTING PROCEDURE ..................... 33 DEPTH PERCEPTION.............................. 34 ORDER OF MEASUREMENT............... '.........................35 EXERCISE PROGRAM..............................................35 STATISTICAL PROCEDURE ............................ .... 37 4. PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF D A T A ............................ 38 INTRODUCTION.................................................. 38 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRE-EXERCISE AND POST-EXERCISE PERIPHERAL VISION ................... 39 COMPARISON OF TOO ORDERS OF TEST ADMINISTRATION, THREE INTERVALS OF DURATION, THREE INTENSITIES OF EXERCISE, AND THE INTERACTION OF THE VARIABLES ON PERIPHERAL VISION................... 39 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PRE-EXERICSE AND POST-EXERCISE DEPTH PERCEPTION........................ 42 COMPARISON OF TOO ORDERS OF TEST ADMINISTRATION, THREE INTERVALS OF DURATION, THREE INTENSITIES OF EXERCISE, AND THE INTERACTION OF THE VARIABLES ON DEPTH P E R C E P T I O N ....................................... 42 RELATIONSHIP OF PERIPHERAL VISION AND DEPTH PERCEPTION BEFORE AND AFTER EXERCISE .............................. 45 5. SUMMARY, FINDINGS, DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION. 47 SUMMARY ...................................................... 47 FINDINGS...................................................... 49 DISCUSSION OF THE FINDINGS................................... 49 Peripheral Vision , ..................................... 49 Depth Perception. ..................................... 51 Relationship Between Peripheral Vision and Depth Perception......................................... 51 V Chapter Page CONCLUSIONS................ 52 RECOMMENDATIONS......................... 52 BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................... 54 APPENDIX ........................................................... 59 VITA ............ 63 LIST OF TABLES Table - Page 1. Heart Rate Progression for Each Minute of Work ...... 36 2. Significance of the Difference Between Pre and Post Exercise Measures of Peripheral Vision . ........... 40 3. Analysis of Covariance of Intensity and Duration of Exercise Effects on Peripheral Vision Scores of 180 Women................................................. 41 4. Significance of the Difference Between Pre and Post Exercise Measures of Depth Perception................... 43 5. Analysis of Covariance of Intensity and Duration of Exercise Effects on Depth Perception Scores of 180 Women........................................ 44 6. Relationships Between Peripheral Vision and Depth Perception Before and After Exercise ................... 46 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1. Position for Pre- and Post-Exercise Measurements of Peripheral Vision and Depth Perception ............... 28 2. Position for Testing Peripheral Vision .................. 30 3. Howard-Dolman Apparatus................................... 31 vii ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of three durations of time and three intensities of exercise upon peripheral vision and depth perception of women. A secondary purpose was to determine the correlation between peripheral vision and depth per­ ception prior to and after participation in exercise. One-hundred eighty women between the ages of 18 and 35 served as subjects. Each subject was assigned to one of nine work-time groups and within each work-time group each subject was randomly assigned to an order of measurement. Subjects designated as order 1 were tested first on peripheral vision and then on depth perception prior to and after exercise. Subjects designated as order 2 were tested first oh depth perception and then on peripheral vision prior to and after exercise. A Light Work load was defined as a heart rate range between 125-130 beats per minute. A Moderate Work load was defined as a heart rate range