Cycling About the Tutorial Cycling is a very old sport where two or more individuals fix a source and a destination and whoever reaches the destination in minimum time is a winner. Now there many variants of this race has been made and racers can accordingly choose the variant in which they want to participate. Audience A person who wants to become a cycle racer or want to know about this sport can get broad knowledge through this short tutorial. Prerequisite A person should have the knowledge of different types of cycle racing in order to become an all-rounder or to become a champion for a particular type of race. Copyright & Disclaimer Copyright 2016 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute, or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent of the publisher. 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If you discover any errors on our website or in this tutorial, please notify us at [email protected] 1 Cycling Table of Contents About the Tutorial .................................................................................................................................... 1 Audience ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Prerequisite .............................................................................................................................................. 1 Copyright & Disclaimer ............................................................................................................................. 1 Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... 2 1. CYCLING – THE PEDAL RACE .................................................................................................. 4 Formats of Cycling Competitions............................................................................................................... 4 2. CYCLING – PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES ................................................................................. 6 3. CYCLING – PLAYING ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................................... 7 Road Bicycle Races .................................................................................................................................... 7 Closed Road Circuit Races ......................................................................................................................... 7 Track Cycling ............................................................................................................................................. 7 Time Trailing ............................................................................................................................................. 8 Cycling Distances ...................................................................................................................................... 8 4. CYCLING – EQUIPMENT ......................................................................................................... 9 Bicycle or Bike ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Rider Gear ................................................................................................................................................. 9 5. CYCLING – COMMON TERMS .............................................................................................. 11 6. HOW TO COMPETE IN BICYCLE RACES? .............................................................................. 13 Getting Ready ......................................................................................................................................... 13 Quick Glimpse of the Race ...................................................................................................................... 13 Rules of Cycling ....................................................................................................................................... 14 Types of Riders........................................................................................................................................ 15 7. CYCLING – CHAMPIONSHIPS ............................................................................................... 16 2 Cycling 8. CYCLING – CHAMPIONS ...................................................................................................... 17 Men’s Category ....................................................................................................................................... 17 Women’s Category.................................................................................................................................. 18 3 1. Cycling – The Pedal Race Cycling Cycling refers to a competitive pedal race of riding the bicycles by several cyclists. Bicycles were primarily introduced as means of transportation to cover distances in less time in the early 19th century. Eventually after the introduction of bicycles across many parts of the world different cycling competitions, challenges, and races developed and long distance cycle races became very popular in Europe, America, and Asia. As the bicycles evolved in its design and structure in the similar way the cycling races took different formats. The pedal race sport is competed across teams and as individuals for various categories including men, women, and in junior segments. Formats of Cycling Competitions According to the International Cycling Union, the governing body of cycling sport held cycling race events across the world in different formats as listed below: Road Bicycle Racing Mountain Bike Racing Track Cycling Time Trailing Cyclo-Cross Cycle Speedway BMX Racing 4 Cycling Apart from Cycle races, there are many non-racing cycling sports as listed below: Free style BMX Cycling Artistic Cycling Mountain Bike Trails Cycle Polo From this tutorial, you can gain knowledge about the rules of Cycling as a competitive sport, several competitions and championships held in the world and know about the renowned racers who were cycling towards their success. 5 2. Cycling – Participating CountriesCycling Cycle competitions are held at an international level with cyclists from all over the world. Mostly bicycle races are held on paved roads where riders start at a point and finish the race at a designated finish point. These road bicycle races being participated by more than 80 countries where racers compete in events organized by UCI the International Cycling Union or Union Cycliste Internationale expanded as in French. Cycling races are mostly competed in Europe and the west, with just few of the Asian countries taking part in these events. Japan has been quite popular in competing in cycle races with good number of riders winning the cycling challenges at international level. Apart from Japan, China, Israel, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Lebanon, Mongolia, Qatar, Singapore, Thailand, Uzbekistan, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines and Vietnam have participated in cycling sport in various championships worldwide. Although cycling has been a common recreational sport in India but has been unknown as a professional sport so far. The non-Asian countries that participate in this sport include: Algeria, Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bermuda, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Ecuador, Denmark, Eritrea, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, Great Britain, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guam, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Morocco, Moldova, Mexico, Macedonia, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, South Africa, Russia, Rwanda, Slovenia, Slovakia, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United States, Venezuela, and Zimbabwe. 6 3. Cycling – Playing EnvironmentCycling Road Bicycle Races Road races are usually held on open roads where the race begins from the start line of the road course and ends at finish line of the course already marked by the vehicular marshals. The open roads cycling route is predetermined or based on the distance of the race the laps are fixed. These road races are either stand-alone or can be a part of a cycling league where the competitions are held in series. Closed Road Circuit Races This is a variant of the road bicycle races on a traffic-free paved road built ideally for cycling challenges or other motor racing competitions. These closed road circuits have shorter distances but accompanied by more obstacles for the cycling race. The riders are tested on their cycling skills such as accelerating, slowing down, braking, and cornering. Track Cycling This bicycle race is held on specifically built velodromes which are oval shaped and have two 180 degrees curved bends connected to the straight ends. The indoor