Minerals as Advanced Materials II Sergey V. Krivovichev Editor Minerals as Advanced Materials II Editor Sergey V. Krivovichev Nanomaterials Research Center Kola Science Center The Russian Academy of Sciences 14 Fersman Street, 184209 Moscow Russia and Department of Crystallography Faculty of Geology St. Petersburg State University University Emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg Russia [email protected] ISBN 978-3-642-20017-5 e-ISBN 978-3-642-20018-2 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-20018-2 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2007942593 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover illustration: crimson / fotolia.com Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Foreword This book represents a collection of papers presented at the 2nd international workshop ‘Minerals as Advanced Materials II’ that was held on 19–25 July 2010 in Kirovsk, Kola peninsula, Russian Federation. Kola peninsula is famous for its natural heritage, both in terms of mineral deposits and its unique mineralogical diversity. Many of the mineral species discovered here are now known as materials used in various areas of modern industry. The most remarkable examples are zorite (natural analogue of the ETS-4 molecular sieve titanosilicate) and sitinakite (natural counterpart of ion-exchanger UOP-910 used for the removal of Cs-137 from radioactive waste solutions). For this reason, Kola peninsula was an excellent locality for the workshop, especially taking into account that the lecture days were followed by field excursions to famous mineral deposits. Mineralogy is probably the oldest branch of material science, on one hand, and the oldest branch of geology, on the other. For several centuries, mineralogy was dealing with materials that appear in Nature as minerals, and it still continues to provide inspiration to material chemists in synthesis of new materials. The remark- able fact is that there exists a large number of minerals that have not yet been synthesized under laboratory conditions. The good example is charoite, which is famous for its beauty and attractiveness. Recent studies (see contribution by Rozhdestvenskaya et al. in this book) demonstrated that its structure contains nanotubular silicate anions comparable in their external and internal diameters to carbon nanotubes. Charoite occurs in Nature in tons, but it has never been prepared synthetically. Papers in this book cover a wide range of topics starting from gas release from minerals, microporous minerals, layered materials, minerals and their synthetic analogues with unique physical and chemical properties to biological minerals and microbe-mediated mineral formation. The authors are experts in different fields of science, mainly from mineralogy and material chemistry that provide a special interest from the viewpoint of interaction of scientists with different areas of expertise. v vi Foreword This workshop would not be possible without considerable infrastructure support from the ‘Apatit’ mining company and personally from Dr. A.V. Grigoriev and his colleagues. It is a pleasure to acknowledge their essential support and collaboration in organization of the workshop. Sergey V. Krivovichev Contents From Minerals to Materials ................................................. 1 Wulf Depmeier Where Are New Minerals Hiding? The Main Features of Rare Mineral Localization Within Alkaline Massifs.................... 13 Gregory Yu. Ivanyuk, Victor N. Yakovenchuk, and Yakov A. Pakhomovsky Gas Release from Minerals .................................................. 25 Klaus Heide The Principle of Duality in Isomorphism and Its Use in the Systematics of Minerals with Zeolite-Like Structures.............. 37 Alexander P. Khomyakov “Ab-Initio” Structure Solution of Nano-Crystalline Minerals and Synthetic Materials by Automated Electron Tomography ........... 41 Enrico Mugnaioli, Tatiana E. Gorelik, Andrew Stewart, and Ute Kolb Charoite, as an Example of a Structure with Natural Nanotubes ........ 55 Irina Rozhdestvenskaya, Enrico Mugnaioli, Michael Czank, Wulf Depmeier, and Ute Kolb Hydrothermal Alteration of Basalt by Seawater and Formation of Secondary Minerals – An Electron Microprobe Study ................. 61 Christof Kusebauch, Astrid Holzheid, and C. Dieter Garbe-Scho¨nberg Sorbents from Mineral Raw Materials ..................................... 81 Anatoly I. Nikolaev, Lidiya G. Gerasimova, and Marina V. Maslova vii viii Contents Natural Double Layered Hydroxides: Structure, Chemistry, and Information Storage Capacity .......................................... 87 Sergey V. Krivovichev, Victor N. Yakovenchuk, and Elena S. Zhitova Fixation of Chromate in Layered Double Hydroxides of the TCAH Type and Some Complex Application Mixtures ............ 103 Herbert Po¨llmann and Ju¨rgen Go¨ske Crystal Chemistry of Lamellar Calcium Aluminate Sulfonate Hydrates: Fixation of Aromatic Sulfonic Acid Anions .................... 115 Stefan Sto¨ber and Herbert Po¨llmann Use of Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) of the Hydrotalcite Group as Reservoir Minerals for Nitrate in Soils – Examination of the Chemical and Mechanical Stability .................................. 131 T. Witzke, L. Torres-Dorante, F. Bullerjahn, and H. Po¨llmann Nanocrystalline Layered Titanates Synthesized by the Fluoride Route: Perspective Matrices for Removal of Environmental Pollutants ......... 147 Sergey N. Britvin, Yulia I. Korneyko, Vladimir M. Garbuzov, Boris E. Burakov, Elena E. Pavlova, Oleg I. Siidra, A. Lotnyk, L. Kienle, Sergey V. Krivovichev, and Wulf Depmeier Minerals as Materials – Silicate Sheets Based on Mixed Rings as Modules to Build Heteropolyhedral Microporous Frameworks ....... 153 Marcella Cadoni and Giovanni Ferraris Cs-Exchanged Cuprosklodowskite .......................................... 163 Andrey A. Zolotarev, Sergey V. Krivovichev, and Margarita S. Avdontseva Kinetics and Mechanisms of Cation Exchange and Dehydration of Microporous Zirconium and Titanium Silicates ........................ 167 Nikita V. Chukanov, Anatoliy I. Kazakov, Vadim V. Nedelko, Igor V. Pekov, Natalia V. Zubkova, Dmitry A. Ksenofontov, Yuriy K. Kabalov, Arina A. Grigorieva, and Dmitry Yu. Pushcharovsky K- and Rb-Exchanged Forms of Hilairite: Evolution of Crystal-Chemical Characteristics with the Increase of Ion Exchange Temperature ............................................... 181 Arina A. Grigorieva, Igor V. Pekov, Natalia V. Zubkova, Anna G. Turchkova, and Dmitry Yu. Pushcharovsky Contents ix Comparison of Structural Changes upon Heating of Zorite and Na-ETS-4 by In Situ Synchrotron Powder Diffraction ............... 187 Michele Sacerdoti and Giuseppe Cruciani Crystal Chemistry of Ion-Exchanged Forms of Zorite, a Natural Analogue of the ETS-4 Titanosilicate Material............................. 199 Dar’ya V. Spiridonova, Sergey V. Krivovichev, Sergey N. Britvin, and Viktor N. Yakovenchuk Ivanyukite-Group Minerals: Crystal Structure and Cation-Exchange Properties ............................................ 205 Victor N. Yakovenchuk, Ekaterina A. Selivanova, Sergey V. Krivovichev, Yakov A. Pakhomovsky, Dar’ya V. Spiridonova, Alexander G. Kasikov, and Gregory Yu. Ivanyuk Delhayelite and Mountainite Mineral Families: Crystal Chemical Relationship, Microporous Character and Genetic Features ............. 213 Igor V. Pekov, Natalia V. Zubkova, Nikita V. Chukanov, Anna G. Turchkova, Yaroslav E. Filinchuk, and Dmitry Yu. Pushcharovsky Delhayelite: Ion Leaching and Ion Exchange............................... 221 Anna G. Turchkova, Igor V. Pekov, Inna S. Lykova, Nikita V. Chukanov, and Vasiliy O. Yapaskurt Microporous Titanosilicates of the Lintisite-Kukisvumite Group and Their Transformation in Acidic Solutions ............................. 229 Viktor N. Yakovenchuk, Sergey V. Krivovichev, Yakov A. Pakhomovsky, Ekaterina A. Selivanova, and Gregory Yu. Ivanyuk Microporous Vanadylphosphates – Perspective Materials for Technological Applications .............................................. 239 Olga V. Yakubovich Thermal Expansion of Aluminoborates..................................... 255 Martin Fisch and Thomas Armbruster High-Temperature Crystal Chemistry of Cs- and Sr-Borosilicates ........ 269 Maria Krzhizhanovskaya, Rimma Bubnova, and Stanislav Filatov Iron-Manganese Phosphates with the Olivine – and Alluaudite- Type Structures: Crystal Chemistry and Applications .................... 279 Fre´de´ric Hatert x Contents Crystal Structure of Murataite Mu-5, a Member of the Murataite-Pyrochlore Polysomatic Series ........................... 293 Sergey V. Krivovichev, Vadim S. Urusov, Sergey V. Yudintsev, Sergey V. Stefanovsky, Oksana