Sample Test Subscribe to our YouTube Channel – CivilsTap by EduTap for free, quality and regular content. HOW TO JOIN PARISHRAM 2020 ? 2400 MCQs + Detailed PDF explanations + Video Solutions Click: https://bit.ly/2RhcZOg 2400 MCQs + Detailed PDF explanations Click: https://bit.ly/2XFE2oF Visit: www.civilstap.com For Any Query Mail us: [email protected] or call us at - (+91)-8146207241 1 Subscribe to our YouTube Channel – CivilsTap by EduTap for free, quality and regular content. SAMPLE TEST – 1 (TEST CODE: 201201) QUESTION 1 DOMAIN: Space in News Q1. Consider the following statements in about Mission Chandrayaan 2 that was launched by India recently: 1. It is the first space expedition to attempt a soft landing on the lunar surface with domestically developed technology. 2. It has made India the fourth country ever to soft land on the lunar surface. 3. Pragyan Lander and Vikram Rover are two of its important components. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 only (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 CORRECT ANSWER: B EXPLANATION Out of given statements only 2nd statement is correct, the other two statements contain a JUMLAA. In statement 1, it is being implied that Chandrayaan 1 is world’s first space mission to attempt a soft landing on moon with domestically developed technology. This is false, as China earlier this year had done the same and USA had also done it a while ago. In Statement 3, the names of Lander and Rover have been interchanged making it incorrect. Recent Context: Recently, Indian Space Research Organization successfully launched India’s second lunar exploration mission after Chandrayaan – 1. Why is it needed to study the Moon? Moon provides the best linkage to Earth’s early history. It offers an undisturbed historical record of the inner Solar system environment. Though there are a few mature models, the origin of Moon still needs further explanations. Extensive mapping of lunar surface to study variations in lunar surface composition is essential to trace back the origin and evolution of the Moon. Evidence for water molecules discovered by Chandrayaan-1, requires further studies on the extent of water molecule distribution on the surface, below the surface and in the tenuous lunar exosphere to address the origin of water on Moon. What makes Chandrayaan 2 so special? Visit: www.civilstap.com For Any Query Mail us: [email protected] or call us at - (+91)-8146207241 2 Subscribe to our YouTube Channel – CivilsTap by EduTap for free, quality and regular content. 1st space mission to conduct a soft landing on the Moon’s south polar region. 1st Indian expedition to attempt a soft landing on the lunar surface with home-grown technology. This implies that Chandrayaan 2 Mission is India’s (and not the world’s) first expedition to attempt soft landing on lunar surface. 1st Indian mission to explore the lunar terrain with home-grown technology. 4th country ever to soft-land on the lunar surface, after USA, Russia, and China. (Therefore statement 2 is correct) IMPORTANT FACTS YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT CHANDRAYAAN 2: Mission Objective: It seeks to demonstrate key technologies for end-to-end lunar mission capability. This will include soft-landing and roving on lunar surface. It will also carry detailed study of moon’s topography and atmosphere that would allow scientists to a better understanding of the Moon. Rocket / Launch Vehicle used: The mission deployed Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) MK-III to launch the mission. GSLV MK-III is India’s most powerful launcher (so far). It has been completely designed and fabricated indigenously. It is a three-stage launch vehicle capable of launching 4-ton class of satellite into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbits (GTO). There are three main components of GSLV MK-III: S-200 Solid Rocket Boosters L110 Liquid Stage C25 Upper Stage With the launch of Chandrayaan-2 GSLV MK-III has marked its first operational flight as well. Launch Site: The launcher carrying the components of Chandrayaan 2 mission was lifted off from the Second Launch Pad at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR (SDSC SHAR), Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh. Fun Fact: Most of the space launch programmes are deployed from the eastern coast. Reason: Earth rotates from West to East, therefore in case of a failure, a space vehicle is likely to sink into ocean rather than hit a populated area on the land. Visit: www.civilstap.com For Any Query Mail us: [email protected] or call us at - (+91)-8146207241 3 Subscribe to our YouTube Channel – CivilsTap by EduTap for free, quality and regular content. Components of Chandrayaan 2: Mission Chandrayaan 2 consists of a Rover (Pragyan Rover); Orbiter and lander (Vikram) and that makes statement 3 incorrect. Pragyan Rover: Weight 27kg Electric Power Generation Capacity 50 W It is a six 6-wheeled robotic vehicle named Pragyan, which translates to 'wisdom' in Sanskrit. It can travel up to 500 m (½-a-km) and leverages solar energy for its functioning. It can only communicate with the Lander. Vikram Lander: Weight 1,417 kg Electric Power Generation Capacity 650 W The Lander of Chandrayaan 2 is named Vikram after Dr Vikram A Sarabhai, the Father of the Indian Space Programme. Visit: www.civilstap.com For Any Query Mail us: [email protected] or call us at - (+91)-8146207241 4 Subscribe to our YouTube Channel – CivilsTap by EduTap for free, quality and regular content. It is designed to function for one lunar day, which is equivalent to about 14 Earth days. Vikram has the capability to communicate with IDSN at Byalalu near Bangalore, as well as with the Orbiter and Rover. The Lander is designed to execute a soft landing on the lunar surface. Orbiter: Weight 2,379 kg Electric Power Generation Capacity 1,000 W At the time of launch, the Chandrayaan 2 Orbiter will be capable of communicating with Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) at Byalalu as well as the Vikram Lander. The mission life of the Orbiter is one year and it will be placed in a 100X100 km lunar polar orbit. Chandrayaan 2 Landing Site: Chandrayaan 2 will be making an attempt at landing a lander and the moon rover in a high plain situated between two craters called as Manzinus C and Simpelius N. The location has a latitude of about 70-degrees south. Why is Chandrayaan making a landing at the south pole? The lunar South Pole is especially interesting because of the lunar surface area here that remains in shadow is much larger than that at the North Pole. There is a possibility of the presence of water in permanently shadowed areas around it. In addition, the South Pole region has craters that are cold traps and contain a fossil record of the early Solar System. Fodder for MAINS: Fodder Type: Space in news SIGNIFICANCE OF CHANDRAYAAN 2: 1st space mission to conduct a soft landing on the Moon’s south polar region. Visit: www.civilstap.com For Any Query Mail us: [email protected] or call us at - (+91)-8146207241 5 Subscribe to our YouTube Channel – CivilsTap by EduTap for free, quality and regular content. 1st Indian expedition to attempt a soft landing on the lunar surface with home-grown technology. 1st Indian mission to explore the lunar terrain with home-grown technology. 4th country ever to soft-land on the lunar surface, after USA, Russia, and China. The given facts can be quoted in relevant mains answers in case there is a need to demonstrate the space prowess of India or role of India in contributing to the development of science and technology in general and space technology in particular. Important Sources: 1. PIB dated July 22nd, 2019 Link: http://pib.nic.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1579794 2. ISRO Wesite Link: https://www.isro.gov.in/chandrayaan2-home-0 QUESTION 2 DOMAIN: Indian institutions and bodies Q. Recently RBI has mandated risk officers for Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs). Consider the following statements in this regard. 1. It is mandatory for all the shadow banks to appoint Chief Risk Officers (CROs) with clearly specified roles and responsibilities. 2. Removal or transfer of CRO would not require the approval of the NBFC Board. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 CORRECT ANSWER: D EXPLANATION Recent Context: Recently, RBI has issued a regulation making it mandatory for the all shadow banks with a size of over ₹5,000 crore to appoint chief risk officers (CROs) with clearly specified roles and responsibilities. Statement 1 is therefore incorrect, because not all, but only those NBFCs or shadow banks with size of more than ₹5,000 crore need to appoint Chief Security Officer to augment the risk management practices. MORE ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT: The CRO shall be a senior official in the hierarchy of an NBFC [non-banking finance company]. He/she shall possess adequate professional qualification/ experience in the area of risk management. Visit: www.civilstap.com For Any Query Mail us: [email protected] or call us at - (+91)-8146207241 6 Subscribe to our YouTube Channel – CivilsTap by EduTap for free, quality and regular content. Removal or transfer will need the NBFC board’s approval and has to be reported to the regulator. Hence statement 2 is also incorrect. The CRO shall have direct reporting lines to the Managing Director (MD) & CEO or the Risk Management Committee (RMC) of the Board. In case the CRO reports to the MD & CEO, the Risk Management Committee of the NBFC Board shall meet the CRO without the presence of the MD & CEO, at least on a quarterly basis.