Jan. 19,­ 1965 w. c. coNovER 3,166,054 ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 18,_ 1962 Jan.'l9, 1965 W. C. CONOVER 3,166,054 ENGINE Filed Sept. 18, 1962 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR IHN /íáœef/v C (aA/arf? BY Y@ Mw@ , AJM y A@ ,/rrmwfyf. „ 3,166,054 United States Patent iCC Patented Jan. 19, 1965 1 2 ' ing one embodiment of a crankshaft providing various of 3,166,054 ­ the features of the invention; » Y ENGINE FIGURE 5 is a partially diagrammatic view illustrat Warren C. Conover, Waukegan, Ill., assignor to Outboard ing the arrangement of the crank pins associated with the Marine Corporation, Waukegan, Ill., a corporation of crankshaft shown in FIGURE 4; Delaware Filed Sept. 18, 1962, Ser. No. 224,350 FIGURE 6 is a view similar to FIGURE 4 showing a 14 Claims. (Cl. 123-55) i second embodiment of a crankshaft providing various of the features ofthe invention; and The invention relates generally to multi-cylinder, inter FIGURE 7 is a partially diagrammatic view illustrating nal combustion engines. More particularly, the inven 10 the arrangement of the Vcrank pins associated with> the tion relates to six cylinder, V engines having a 90 degree crankshaft shown in'FIGURE 6. i included angle between the cylinder banks which pro The engine 111 shown in FIGURES 1, 2, and 3 conven vide the V form. tionally includes a V type engine block 113 including two The invention provides a 90 degree V, internal com cylinder banks 115 and 117 disposed at an included angle bustion engine including two banks of three cylinders 15 of 90 degrees to each other. Each of the cylinder banks each wherein adjacent pairs of cylinders are oppositely 115 and 117 includes three cylinders in aligned series acting, i.e., »are alternately ñred at intervals corresponding with engine bank 115 including cylinders 1, 3, and 5, and to 180 degrees of crankshaft rotation. Such an arrange with engine bank 117 including cylinders 2, 4, and 6 in ment is speciñcally advantageous with a two stroke en respective generally adjacent opposing relation to cylinf gine wherein each cylinder has an associated separate ders 1, 3, and 5. Each of the cylinders 1, 2, 3, 4', 5, and crank case Ythrough which a combustion air-fuel mixture 6 has movable therein respective pistons (only pistons is pumped by reason of piston reciprocation. More spe 11 and 21 being shown in the drawings in FIGURE 2), cifically, the arrangement permits use of a three throat each of which pistons is pivotally connected to respective carburetor or other combustion air intake `wherein each separate piston rods (only piston rods 12 and 22 being throat serves one pair of adjacent oppositely acting cylin 25 shown in the drawings in FIGURE 2). In turn, the ders. 'As a result, each throat operates to pass the main piston rods are each connected to a common crank-r portion of a charge of combustion air at intervals cor shaft 119. ~ responding to 180 degrees of crankshaft rotation. As various of the advantages obtained by the disclosed , The invention also provides, in association with the invention are generally'related to two-stroke, spark igni above features, an engine wherein the cylinders of each' 30 tion engines, each of the cylinders 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 bank are fired at intervals corresponding to 120 degrees includes- an exhaust port (only. exhaust ports 13 and 23 of crankshaft rotation, thereby obtaining balanced opera being shown in the drawings ÍnFIGURE 2), and a gen tion in each‘bank,rand consequent overall balance. erally diametrically oppositely located transfer port (only The> invention further provides tir-ingorderswherein transfer ports 13a and 23a being shown in the drawings the cylinder banks alternately íire at even intervals cor 35 in FIGURE 2) , communicating with respective crankcases responding to 60 degrees of crankshaft rotation, thereby 14, 24, 34, 44, 54, amd64 (see FIGURE 4) which extend distributing ,asl uniformly as possible the flow of power to from the respective‘cylinders 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 and the' crankshaft and flywheel. In addition, as ­one of the which are generally closed except for respective valved cylinders isñred for each 60 degrees of crankshaft rota ports (only ports 15 and 25 being shown in the drawings tion and as the ñring Vin each bank occurs at intervals 40 in FIGURE 3) through which a combustion air or com corresponding to 120 degrees ofl crankshaft rotation, the bustion air-fuel mixture is introduced. As will be seen, exhaust flow is distributed as uniformly as possible both one specific advantage ofthe disclosed engineconñgura when utilizing a single exhaust manifold and when the tion is its applicability for use with either a single three exhaust is dischargedfrom each bank to a separate throat carburetor, or other combustion air intake, or with 45 manifold. ' ­ ` " ­ ­ - three separate carburetors, or other combustion air in To carry out these objectives,l the crankshaft isV de takes, rather than with separate throats or carburetors for signed, toeifect the desired action in the cylinders. In each crankcase.V Accordingly, there is shown in FIGURE the preferred embodimenn'each pair of crank pins as-V l three separate combustion-air intakes 201, 202, and sociated with adjacent cylinders in each bank> are an 203, each including respective throats 204,» 205, and 206. gularly displaced 9()v degrees from each other, while each 50 If desired, throats 204, 205, and 206 could connect with pair o_f such crankV pins is displaced 120 degrees from a single combustion `air supply manifold preferably pro each of the other two pairs of crank pins. As will be de vided with an air cleaner as shown at 207 in FIGURE 2. scribed hereinafter, the advantages of the invention can It is broadly immaterial to the present invention whether be obtained utilizing at least two diüere‘nt crankshaft con the air is carbureted at the manifold or in the respective ñgurations and two respectively associated firing orders. 55 air intakes or by direct vfuel injection into the respective ­ Other objects and advantages of the invention will be­_` cylindersl A ­ v Y come known by reference to the following description and Unless the operation is by compression-induced or hot the accompanying drawings of the invention wherein: , spot ignition, according to the Diesel principle, suitable FIGURE l is a side view of an engine incorporating 60 ignition means is provided including a .distributor 121 various of the features of theinvention; (see FIGURE l) which is connected with respective spark FIGURE 2 is an enlarged sectional >View taken gen plugs (only plugs 16 and 26 being shown inV FIGURE 2 erally along Iline‘Z-Z of FIGURE 1; and plugs 26, 46, and 66 being shown in FIGURE 1) lo FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary sectional view­ taken gen­` cated in cylinders l, 2, 3, 4, 5, îand 6, whereby the firing . erally along line-3_3 of FIGURE 1; orders, still to be described, can be obtained.- , . ‘.FIGURE 4 is a partially diagrammatic sectionaliview ­ Although various arrangements can be employed, in the taken generally along line 4_4 of FIGURE l and 4show- A Y speci?cally disclosed construction, shown in FIGURE 4, 3,166,054 3 , 4 , the crankshaft 119 is journaied in the engine block at adjacent pairs of cylinders including one cylinder in each locations 123, 125,` 12,7, andV 129 and includes disc-like bank are alternately acting, permitting supply of coni throws 130 through 138, inclusive, which'co-operate with bustion air to the associated crankcases througha single cylindrical wall portions V230 through 238,'inclusive», in a Y carburetor throat. In addition, use of the disclosed crank crankcase par-t 239 ofthe engine block 113 to deñne the shaft conñgurations permits iiring every 6() degrees of separate crankcases 14, 24, 34, 44, 54, and 64. Thev crankshaft rotation and'ñring, in each bank, at 120 de crankshaft 119 shown in FIGURE 4 also includes crank grees of crankshaft rotation. Thus, there is provided a pins 17, 27, 37, 47, S7, and'6’7 which fare supported by crankshaft configuration for a 90 degree V six engine the disc-like throws and toV which are respectively. con affording balanced ’operationV and permitting use of three i n_ected, injany suitable manner, the associated piston rods. 10 separate carburetor throats, each supplying a charge of ' The crank pins are >arrangedon the crankshaft 119, combustion air or a charge of combustion air-fuel for shown in FIGURES 4 through 7, so that each pair of gen- ~ ' every 180 degrees of crankshaft rotation. Y erally adjacent opposing cylinders,1i.e., cylinders 1 and 2, l Various of the features of the invention are set. forth 3 and 4, and 5 and 6, are oppositely acting, Le., ñre at in the following claims.` Y intervals Ícorresponding Vto 180 degrees of crankshaft rota What is claimed is: , tion,_ and so», that one cylinder'is iired for every 6l) degrees 1. A V type internal combustion engine includinga of cnankshaft rotation alternately from each bank, with . first cylinder bank including, in series, first, third and ñfth the cylinders in each‘bank tiring at even intervals, i.„e., for . cylinders, a second cylinder bank including, »in series, each`120 degrees of> crankshaft rotation. The-arrange second, fourth, and sixth cylinders, saidbanks being dis ment >of the crank pins toprovide for oppositely acting 20 posed at an angle of 90 degrees relative to each other, a pairs. of cylinders, permits the association with each pail­ separate piston reciprocably movable in each of said cyl of cylindersfof a single throat from a multi-throat car inders, a pistonrod extending from each of said pistons, buretor, or other combustion air intake.