GGAT 132: Lowland Settlement in Glamorgan and Gwent March 2015 A report for Cadw GGAT report no. 2015/007 by Richard Roberts BA (Hons) Project no. GGAT 132 The Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological Trust Ltd Heathfield House Heathfield Swansea SA1 6EL GGAT 132: Lowland Settlement in Glamorgan and Gwent CONTENTS ........................................................................................... Page Number 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 7 2. PREVIOUS SCOPING .......................................................................................... 10 3. METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................ 11 4. SOURCES CONSULTED ..................................................................................... 16 5. RESULTS ............................................................................................................... 17 6. SITE VISITS .......................................................................................................... 39 7. GAZETTEER ......................................................................................................... 44 8. SELECTED FIGURES AND PLATES ............................................................. 102 9. RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................................... 186 10. CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................ 187 11. BIBLIOGRAPHY .............................................................................................. 189 Appendix I Stage One Results ................................................................................ 192 Appendix II Other Data .......................................................................................... 199 Appendix III Threats and Recommendations ....................................................... 221 Tables Table 1. Lowland settlement sites (140 interests) assessed as part of the current study 18 Table 2. Results of assessment: lowland settlement sites (140 interests) 28 Table 3. Lowland settlement sites selected for field visits (48 interests) 39 Table 4a. Summary of main settlement sites from HER data following the stage 1 revised scoping taken forward to the stage 2 appraisal: 90 interests 192 Table 4b. Summary of the subsidiary settlement features/sites from HER data following the stage 1 revised scoping taken forward to the stage 2 appraisal: 50 interests 196 Table 5a. Summary of NMR settlement sites (59 NPRNs) appraised [final selection reduced from an initial selection of 82 NPRNs] (information courtesy of the RCAHMW) 199 Table 6. Summary of NMR subsidiary sites (68 NPRNs) appraised [final selection reduced from an initial selection of 190 NPRNs] (information courtesy of the RCAHMW) 210 Table 7. GGAT 132 Site specific threats and recommendations (visted sites - 27 interests) 221 Figures Figure 1: Distribution of all protected and unprotected lowland settlement sites assessed (140 interests) 26 Figure 2: Lowland settlement sites assessed (140 interests): showing distribution of Overall Significance 38 Figure 3: Lowland settlement sites selected for potential visits (49 interests) and visited (27 interests): showing distribution 43 Figure 4: PRN 00154w (NPRN 15430) Old Henllys (NGR SS449891); core area(s) orange 102 1 GGAT 132: Lowland Settlement in Glamorgan and Gwent Figure 5: PRN 00154w (NPRN 15430) Old Henllys (NGR SS449891) with 1st edition OS map background 103 Figure 6: PRN 00154w (NPRN 15430) Old Henllys (NGR SS449891) with aerial photographic background 104 Figure 7: PRN 00469g (NPRN 15512) St Brides Netherwent (NGR ST4282289617) [scheduled ancient monument MM154 outlined in red]; core area(s) orange 105 Figure 8: PRN 00469g (NPRN 15512) St Brides Netherwent (NGR ST4282289617) [scheduled ancient monument MM154 outlined in red] with 1st edition OS map background 106 Figure 9: PRN 00469g (NPRN 15512) St Brides Netherwent (NGR ST4282289617) [scheduled ancient monument MM154 outlined in red] with aerial photographic background 107 Figure 10: PRN 00486s (NPRN 15289, 15448) Crofter Field (NGR ST02006815) [scheduled ancient monument GM307 outlined in red]; core area(s) orange 108 Figure 11: PRN 00486s (NPRN 15289, 15448) Crofter Field (NGR ST02006815) [scheduled ancient monument GM307 outlined in red] with 1st edition OS map background 109 Figure 12: PRN 00486s (NPRN 15289, 15448) Crofter Field (NGR ST02006815) [scheduled ancient monument GM307 outlined in red] with aerial photographic background 110 Figure 13: PRN 00492s (NPRN 15475) West Aberthaw Medieval Site (NGR ST02386679) [scheduled ancient monument GM297 outlined in red]; core area(s) orange 111 Figure 14: PRN 00492s (NPRN 15475) West Aberthaw Medieval Site (NGR ST02386679) [scheduled ancient monument GM297outlined in red] with 1st edition OS map background 112 Figure 15: PRN 00492s (NPRN 15475) West Aberthaw Medieval Site (NGR ST02386679) [scheduled ancient monument GM297 outlined in red] with aerial photographic background 113 Figure 16: PRN 00536s (NPRN 15331) Highlight Village (NGR ST097699) [Scheduled ancient monuments GM301 & GM344 outlined in red]; core area(s) orange 114 Figure 17: PRN 00536s (NPRN 15331) Highlight Village (NGR ST097699) [Scheduled ancient monuments GM301 & GM344 outlined in red] with 1st edition OS map background 115 Figure 18: PRN 00536s (NPRN 15331) Highlight Village (NGR ST097699) [Scheduled ancient monuments GM301 & GM344 outlined in red] with aerial photographic background 116 Figure 19: PRN 00691s (NPRN 15340) Llancadle (NGR ST03526821) [scheduled ancient monument GM543 outlined in red]; core area(s) orange 117 Figure 20: PRN 00691s (NPRN 15340) Llancadle (NGR ST03526821) [scheduled ancient monument GM543 outlined in red] with 1st edition OS map background 118 Figure 21: PRN 00691s (NPRN 15340) Llancadle (NGR ST03526821) [scheduled ancient monument GM543 outlined in red] with aerial photographic background 119 Figure 22: PRN 00702s (NPRN 15464, [15441]) Treguff (NGR ST02957120); core area(s) orange 120 Figure 23: PRN 00702s (NPRN 15464, [15441]) Treguff (NGR ST02957120) with 1st edition OS map background 121 2 GGAT 132: Lowland Settlement in Glamorgan and Gwent Figure 24: PRN 00702s (NPRN 15464, [15441]) Treguff (NGR ST02957120) with aerial photographic background 122 Figure 25: PRN 00722s (NPRN 15358) Merthyr Dyfan (NGR ST11396949); core area(s) orange 123 Figure 26: PRN 00722s (NPRN 15358) Merthyr Dyfan (NGR ST11396949) with 1st edition OS map background 124 Figure 27: PRN 00722s (NPRN 15358) Merthyr Dyfan (NGR ST11396949) with aerial photographic background 125 Figure 28: PRN 00723s (NPRN 15457; 415917) Sully (NGR ST14916830); core area(s) orange 126 Figure 29: PRN 00723s (NPRN 15457; 415917) Sully (NGR ST14916830) with 1st edition OS map background 127 Figure 30: PRN 00723s (NPRN 15457; 415917) Sully (NGR ST14916830) with aerial photographic background 128 Figure 31: PRN 00729s Wrinstone (NGR ST13457250); core area(s) orange 129 Figure 32: PRN 00729s Wrinstone (NGR ST13457250) with 1st edition OS map background 130 Figure 33: PRN 00729s Wrinstone (NGR ST13457250) with aerial photographic background 131 Figure 34: PRN 00734s (NPRN 15363) Michaelston-Super-Ely DMV (NGR ST11607636); core area(s) orange 132 Figure 35: PRN 00734s (NPRN 15363) Michaelston-Super-Ely DMV (NGR ST11607636) with 1st edition OS map background 133 Figure 36: PRN 00734s (NPRN 15363) Michaelston-Super-Ely DMV (NGR ST11607636) with aerial photographic background 134 Figure 37: PRN 00761g (NPRN 408, 54448) Pentirih (NGR ST52009873); core area(s) orange 135 Figure 38: PRN 00761g (NPRN 408, 54448) Pentirih (NGR ST52009873) with 1st edition OS map background 136 Figure 39: PRN 00761g (NPRN 408, 54448) Pentirih (NGR ST52009873) with aerial photographic background 137 Figure 40: PRN 00856w/00888w (NPRN 400409) & 02211w/02462w (NPRN 408516) Shrunken Village, Llanddewi (NGR SS459892 & SS462889); core area(s) orange 138 Figure 41: PRN 00856w/00888w (NPRN 400409) & 02211w/02462w (NPRN 408516) Shrunken Village, Llanddewi (NGR SS459892 & SS462889) with 1st edition OS map background 139 Figure 42: PRN 00856w/00888w (NPRN 400409) & 02211w/02462w (NPRN 408516) Shrunken Village, Llanddewi (NGR SS459892 & SS462889) with aerial photographic background 140 Figure 43: PRN 00948s (NPRN 406400, 15278) Cosmeston (NGR ST1776668929); core area(s) orange 141 Figure 44: PRN 00948s (NPRN 406400, 15278) Cosmeston (NGR ST1776668929) with 1st edition OS map background 142 Figure 45: PRN 00948s (NPRN 406400, 15278) Cosmeston (NGR ST1776668929) with aerial photographic background 143 Figure 46: PRN 01043g (NPRN 15511, [400756]) Runston DMV (NGR ST49609157) [scheduled ancient monument MM095 outlined in red]; core area(s) orange 144 3 GGAT 132: Lowland Settlement in Glamorgan and Gwent Figure 47: PRN 01043g (NPRN 15511, [400756]) Runston DMV (NGR ST49609157) [scheduled ancient monument MM095 outlined in red] with 1st edition OS map background 145 Figure 48: PRN 01043g (NPRN 15511, [400756]) Runston DMV (NGR ST49609157) [scheduled ancient monument MM095 outlined in red] with aerial photographic background 146 Figure 49: PRN 01726m (NPRN 15469) Homestead Remains[, NW of St Brides Major] (NGR SS89397515); core area(s) orange 147 Figure 50: PRN 01726m (NPRN 15469) Homestead Remains[, NW of St Brides Major] (NGR SS89397515) with 1st edition OS map background 148 Figure 51: PRN 01726m (NPRN 15469) Homestead Remains[,