https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions Vandemataram. Hindus and Muslims tied rachis In May 1908, Aurobindo was arrested in on each other’s hand as a symbol of unity connection with the Alipore Conspiracy Case Educational objective: to know about the or Alipore Bomb Case swadeshi movement. Educational objective: to know about the important personality linked to India’s freedom 11. Key: A struggle Explanation: Liakat Hossain was leader of Muslim League. 13. Key: B Ashwini Kumar Dutta led the Muslim peasants Explanation: Lord Curzon was the Viceroy of of Barisal in their agitations India from 1899 to 1905. The partition of the Educational objective: to know about the Bengal province came into effect during his extremist movement in India. viceroyalty on 16th October 1905. Educational objective: to know about the 12. Key: A impact of Partition of Bengal Explanation: Aurobindo Ghosh 14. Key: C He passed the ICS examination securing the Explanation: Abanindranath Tagore (1871-1951) 11th rank out of 250 candidates. He joined was a nephew of Rabindranath Tagore. He was King’s College for the training but had born at Jorasanko and was educated at the himself disqualified for an exam by arriving Sanskrit College, Calcutta. He led the revivalist deliberately late as he had no interest in the movement in Bengal in the field of modern ICS Indian paintings with the help of a band of disciples such as Nandlal Bose, A.K. Halder, He was much influenced by the American etc. The first major exponent of Swadeshi values Revolution, revolts in Italy and the medieval in Indian art, he is known to have founded the French revolts against England. Bengal School of Art or Neo-Bengal School. He attended Congress sessions and at the Educational objective: to know about famous same time, helped establish the painting of Abindranath Tagore and the cultural AnushilanSamiti of Calcutta in 1902. movement linked to Swadeshi movement in He gave a systematic critique of the Bengal moderate politics of the Indian National Congress in a series of articles entitled 9. Revolutionary Activities 1905 New Lamps for Old He and his brother revolutionary BarinGhose 1. Who was the leader of the Ghadar party? contributed articles to the magazine a) Bhagat Singh Jugantar which inspired many young people b) Lala Hardayal to take up revolutionary work. c) Bal GangadharTilak In 1905, Aurobindo started an English d) VD Savarkar newspaper called BandeMataram. www.laex.in Page No. 26 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions 2. TheGhadr (Ghadar) was a Codes: a) Revolutionary association of Indians with A B C D headquarters at San Francisco a) 1 3 4 2 b) Nationalist organization operating from b) 1 3 2 4 Singapore c) 3 1 2 4 c) Militant organization with headquarters at d) 3 1 4 2 Berlin d) Communist movement for India's freedom 6. Where were the Ghadar revolutionaries, with headquarters at Tashkent who became active during the outbreak of the World War I based? 3. Abhinav Bharat' a secret society of a) Central America revolutionaries was organized by b) North America a) Khudiram Bose c) West America b) VD Savarkar d) South America c) PrafullaChaki d) Bhagat Singh 9. Key and Explanations 4. The native state of Tripura became 1. Key: B involved in the Freedom movement early Explanation: Lala Hardayal was the leader of in the 20th century because Ghadar Party. a) The kings of Tripura were always anti British Educational objective: to know about Ghadar b) The Bengal revolutionaries took shelter in movement Tripura c) The tribes of the state were fiercely freedom 2. Key: A loving Explanation: Ghadar Party d) There were already some groups fighting The Ghadar Party was an organization against the kingship and its protector, the founded by Punjabi Indians, in the United British States and Canada with the aim to gaining India's independence from British 5. Match List-I with List-II and select the rule. correct answer using the codes given The party was built around the weekly paper below the lists: The Ghadar, which carried the caption on List – I List – II the masthead: Angrezi Raj Ka Dushman (an A. Chittagong Armoury 1.Kalpana Dutt Rao enemy of the British rule). B. Abhinav Bharat 2. Guru Ram Singh Answer members of the party included Lala Har Dayal, Sohan Singh Bhakna,Kartar C. Anushilan Samiti 3.Vinayaka Singh Sarabha, and Rash behari Bose. Damodar Savarkar After the outbreak of World War I, Ghadar D. Kuka Movement 4. Aurobindo Ghosh party members returned to Punjab to agitate www.laex.in Page No. 27 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions for rebellion alongside the Babbar Akali “The Indian War of Independence 1857”. The Movement. In 1915, they conducted British government immediately enforced a revolutionary activities in central Punjab and ban on the publication in both Britain and attempted to organize uprisings, but the India. Later, it was published by Madame British Government crushed their attempts. BhikaijiCama in Holland, and was smuggled After the conclusion of the war, the party in into India to reach revolutionaries working America split into Communist and Anti- across the country against British rule. Communist factions. The party was formally When the then British Collector of Nasik, dissolved in 1948. A.M.T. Jackson was shot by a youth, Veer Educational objective: to know about Savarkar finally fell under the net of the thekamagathamaru incident British authorities. He was implicated in the murder citing his connections with India 3. Key: B House. Savarkarwas arrested in London on Explanation: March 13, 1910 and sent to India. VD Savarkar In 1920, many prominent freedom fighters In Pune, Savarkar founded the “Abhinav including Vithalbhai Patel, Mahatma Gandhi Bharat Society”. and Bal GangadharTilak demanded the He was also involved in the Swadeshi release of Savarkar. On May 2, 1921, movement and later joined Tilak’s Swaraj Savarkar was moved to Ratnagirijail, and Party. His instigating patriotic speeches and from there to the Yeravada jail. In Ratnagiri activities incensed the British Government jail Savarkar wrote the book ‘Hindutva: who so much that they withdrew his B.A. degree. is hindu?’ In June 1906, Veer Savarkar, left for London Vinayak Savarkar was a president of Hindu to become Barrister. However, once in Mahasabha from 1937 to 1943. When London, he united and inflamed the Indian congress ministries offered resignation on students in England against British rule in India. He founded the Free India Society. The 22nd oct 1939, Hindu mahaasabha under Society celebrated important dates on the his leadership cooperated with Muslim Indian calendar including festivals, freedom league to form government in provinces like movement landmarks, and was dedicated to Sindh, Bengal and NWFP. furthering discussion about Indian freedom. Educational objective: to know about the He believed and advocated the use of arms to important personality linked to India’s freedom free India from the British and created a struggle network of Indians in England, equipped 4. Key: D with weapons. Explanation: The native state of Tripura became In 1908, brought out an authentic informative researched work on The Great involved in the Freedom movement early in the Indian Revolt, which the British termed as 20th century because there were already some “Sepoy Mutiny” of 1857. The book was called groups fighting against the kingship and its protector, the British www.laex.in Page No. 28 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions Educational objective: to know about the The Samiti was involved in a number of various freedom movement of northeast India. noted incidents of revolutionary attacks against British interests and administration 5. Key: A in India, including early attempts to Explanation: Chittagong Armory Raid 1930 assassinate British Raj officials. On April 18, 1930, there was an attempt to raid These were followed by the 1912 attempt on the armory of the Police and Auxiliary forces the life of the Viceroy of India, and the from the Chittagong armory in Bengal. Seditious conspiracy during World War I, led The leader of this conspiracy & raid was Surya by Rash Behari Bose and Jatindranath Sen. Mukherjee respectively. Apart from Surya Sen, other prominent figure Kuka Movement involved in the incident were Ganesh Ghosh, The Kuka Movement marked the first major Lokenath Bal, Nirmal Sen, Ambika Chakrobarty, reaction of the people in the Punjab to the Naresh Roy, Sasanka Datta, ArdhenduDastidar, new political order initiated by the British HarigopalBal ,TarakeswarDastidar, Ananta after 1849. Singh, Jiban Ghoshal, Anand Gupta, Pritilata The Namdhari Movement, of which the Kuka Waddeda, Kalpana Dutta, Vinayak Damodar Movement was the most important phase, Savrkar established Abhinav Bharat aimed at overthrowing the British rule. AnushilanSamiti The Namdharis were also known as “Kukas” It was a Bengali organization that supported because of their trademark style of reciting revolutionary violence as the means for the “Gurbani” (Sayings/Teachings of the ending British rule in India. Guru). The organization arose from a This style was in a high-pitched voice called conglomeration of local youth groups and “Kook” in Punjabi. Thus, the Namdharis gyms (akhara) in Bengal in 1902. were also called “Kukas”. It had two prominent, somewhat Satguru Ram Singh, son of a poor independent, arms in East and West Bengal, carpenter, who was born on 3rd February, Dhaka AnushilanSamiti (centred in Dhaka, 1816 in a small village of Bhaini, around 7 modern day Bangladesh), and the Jugantar kilometres away from Ludhiana, founded group (centred at Calcutta).