ICRISAT Locations New Delhi Bamako, Mali HQ - Hyderabad, India Niamey, Niger Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Kano, Nigeria Nairobi, Kenya Lilongwe, Malawi Bulawayo, Zimbabwe Maputo, Mozambique About ICRISAT ICRISAT works in agricultural research for development across the drylands of Africa and Asia, making farming profitable for smallholder farmers while reducing malnutrition and environmental degradation. We work across the entire value chain from developing new varieties to agribusiness and linking farmers to markets. Mapping the Nutrient ICRISAT appreciates the supports of funders and CGIAR investors to help overcome poverty, malnutrition and environmental degradation in the harshest dryland regions of the world. See www.icrisat.org/icrisat-donors.htm Status of Odisha’s Soils ICRISAT-India (Headquarters) ICRISAT-India Liaison Office Patancheru, Telangana, India New Delhi, India Sreenath Dixit, Prasanta Kumar Mishra, M Muthukumar, [email protected] K Mahadeva Reddy, Arabinda Kumar Padhee and Antaryami Mishra ICRISAT-Mali (Regional hub WCA) ICRISAT-Niger ICRISAT-Nigeria Bamako, Mali Niamey, Niger Kano, Nigeria [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ICRISAT-Kenya (Regional hub ESA) ICRISAT-Ethiopia ICRISAT-Malawi ICRISAT-Mozambique ICRISAT-Zimbabwe Nairobi, Kenya Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Lilongwe, Malawi Maputo, Mozambique Bulawayo, Zimbabwe [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] /ICRISAT /ICRISAT /ICRISATco /company/ICRISAT /PHOTOS/ICRISATIMAGES /ICRISATSMCO [email protected] Nov 2020 Citation:Dixit S, Mishra PK, Muthukumar M, Reddy KM, Padhee AK and Mishra A (Eds.). 2020. Mapping the nutrient status of Odisha’s soils. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) and Department of Agriculture, Government of Odisha. 342 pp. Mapping the Nutrient Status of Odisha’s Soils Sreenath Dixit, Prasanta Kumar Mishra, M Muthukumar, K Mahadeva Reddy, Arabinda Kumar Padhee and Antaryami Mishra About the editors Sreenath Dixit Principal Scientist & Head, IDC, ICRISAT Prasanta Kumar Mishra Consultant, IDC, ICRISAT M Muthukumar Director, Agriculture & Food Production, Directorate of Agriculture and Food Production, Krishi Bhawan, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751001, India K Mahadeva Reddy Consultant, IDC, ICRISAT Arabinda Kumar Padhee Director, Country Relations and Business Affairs, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), CG Centers Block, NASC Complex, New Delhi 110012, India Antaryami Mishra Professor (Soil Science), Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology (OUAT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003, India About the authors Gajanan Sawargaonkar Senior Scientist (Agronomy), ICRISAT Development Center (IDC), Asia Program, ICRISAT, Hyderabad, Telangana 502324, India Gilbert Rozarios Scientific Officer, IDC, ICRISAT Girish Chander Senior Scientist (Natural Resource Management), IDC, ICRISAT Mukund Patil Senior Scientist (Soil Physics), IDC, ICRISAT Pushpajeet Choudhari Manager, Charles Renard Analytical Laboratory, IDC, ICRISAT Rabindra Kumar Nayak Associate Professor (Soil Science) & In-charge, AICRP on Micronutrients, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology (OUAT), Surya Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha - 751003, India Contents List of Tables ...................................................................................................................................................v List of Figures................................................................................................................................................. vi List of Annexures ......................................................................................................................................... xiv Message ....................................................................................................................................................... xv Foreword ..................................................................................................................................................... xvi Preface ........................................................................................................................................................ xvii Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................... xviii Chapter 1. Bhoochetana: Reviving Soils for Agriculture .................................................................................1 The evolution: Earlier attempts & learnings .............................................................................................1 Scaling-up in Odisha ..................................................................................................................................3 Chapter 2. Soil Sampling and Analysis ............................................................................................................7 Stratified soil sampling .............................................................................................................................7 Soil sample preparation and analysis ........................................................................................................7 Chapter 3. Developing Soil Test-based Fertilizer Recommendations .......................................................... 20 Determining critical limits for nutrient indices ..................................................................................... 20 Crop-wise nutrient recommendation.................................................................................................... 20 Chapter 4. Management of Acidic Soils ....................................................................................................... 50 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 50 Effects of soil acidity ............................................................................................................................... 50 Soil classification based on pH ............................................................................................................... 51 Acidic soil management ......................................................................................................................... 51 Chapter 5. Developing Soil Nutrient Maps of Odisha using Digital Soil Mapping Techniques ..................... 56 Digital soil mapping ................................................................................................................................ 56 Soil nutrient maps .................................................................................................................................. 56 State level maps ..................................................................................................................................... 59 District level maps Angul .................................................................................................................... 75 Balangir .................................................................................................................................................. 83 Baleswar ................................................................................................................................................. 91 Bargarh ................................................................................................................................................... 99 Bhadrak ................................................................................................................................................ 107 Boudh ................................................................................................................................................... 115 Cuttack ................................................................................................................................................. 123 Deogarh ............................................................................................................................................... 131 Dhenkanal ............................................................................................................................................ 139 Gajapati ................................................................................................................................................ 147 Ganjam ................................................................................................................................................. 155 Jagatsinghpur ....................................................................................................................................... 163 Jajpur ................................................................................................................................................... 171 Jharsuguda ........................................................................................................................................... 179 Kalahandi ............................................................................................................................................. 187 Kandhamal ..........................................................................................................................................