Review Part IV 1. Explain the meaning of James Polk's slogan "Fifty four-forty or fight" th The United States wanted the Oregon Territory below the 54 ​ parallel and if Great ​ Britain did not agree then the United States would go to war. 2. The area that became the states of California, Arizona, and Utah were obtained by the U.S. as a result of what? The Mexican Cession 3. What is manifest destiny? The idea that it was the predestination of the United States to spread towards the Pacific Ocean 4. What were 3 causes of the Mexican-American War? - U.S. desire for land ​ ​ - Debate over the border ​ ​ - Mexico killed American soldiers. ​ ​ 5. What were 3 disadvantages of the Mexican Army? - Lack of experience - Poor leadership - Domestic problems. 6. What were 2 results of the Mexican-American war? - The Mexican economy tanked - The US gained land 7. Why did America want the Gadsden Purchase? To get the land in the southern part of Arizona and New Mexico so that the Transcontinental Railroad could go through instead of going into Mexico. 8. Who was Santa Anna? Leader of the Mexican Army 9. Why did Mexico invite Americans to live in Texas? To populate the area. 10. Why did the Texans revolt? How did they win their revolution They revolted for freedom. They fought the Mexicans and won. 11. What was the result of the Gold Rush? Thousands of people moved into California 12. Why was the Texas Annexation delayed? Debate over how Texas would enter the Union-Free/Slave 13. How did the struggle over Oregon Country end? The U.S. gained control of the area. 14. What did the treaty that ended the Mexican-American War say? 15. What was the motivation behind settlers on the Oregon Trail?Sante Fe Trail? Mormon Trail? 16. How did the Mexican-American War increased sectionalism? Debate over how the new territories would enter the Union- free or slave. 17. Describe the Compromise of 1850. California entered as a free state New Fugitive Slave Law No more slavery in Wahsington D.C. 18. Why did the fugitive slave law make northerners angry? Because many did not support slavery, and now legally had to return slaves to their masters. 19. How did Uncle Tom's Cabin radicalize the north? ​ ​ Many people realized the evils of slavery for the first time. 20. Why did the south support the Dred Scott verdict? Because it supported the institution of slavery on a national level and at the Supreme Court 21. What did the Dred Scott verdict say about slavery and African Americans? Slavery was protected, and African Americans had no rights. 22. How did John Brown's Raid radicalize the south? Made Southerners fear that the north was full of radical abolitionists. 23. How did the caning of Sumner demonstrate the separation between the north and the south? Slavery was being debated in the Senate all of the time. The debate turned to violence. 24. Why did Lincoln's election cause the south to secede? Southerners feared that Lincoln would attempt to free the slaves. 25. What does it mean to secede? For a state to leave the Union. .