A DYNAMIC STATEWIDE WATER BUDGET FOR NEW MEXICO: Phase I - MAJOR RIVER BASINS Ken Peterson, Water Resources Research Institute Jesse Roach, Tetra Tech Inc. Bruce Thompson, University of New Mexico DRAFT TECHNICAL COMPLETION REPORT INDEX NUMBER 124273 June 2015 New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute In cooperation with Tetra Tech Inc. and University of New Mexico Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................ 6 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................. 8 List of Acronyms .......................................................................................................................................... 10 Disclaimer.................................................................................................................................................... 11 1 Dynamic Statewide Water Budget Framework .................................................................................. 12 2 Stocks (Stored Water) ......................................................................................................................... 16 2.1 Land Surface ................................................................................................................................ 16 2.2 Surface Water ............................................................................................................................. 16 2.3 Human Storage and Distribution System .................................................................................... 16 2.4 Groundwater Storage ................................................................................................................. 16 3 Inflows ................................................................................................................................................. 18 3.1 Precipitation ................................................................................................................................ 18 3.2 Surface Water Inflows ................................................................................................................. 19 3.3 Groundwater Inflows .................................................................................................................. 19 4 Water Movement between Stocks ..................................................................................................... 20 4.1 Runoff .......................................................................................................................................... 20 4.2 Recharge ..................................................................................................................................... 22 4.3 Surface Water Groundwater Interactions .................................................................................. 23 4.4 Human Diversions and Returns................................................................................................... 23 4.4.1 Human Population Model ................................................................................................... 23 4.4.2 Water Use Data ................................................................................................................... 26 4.4.3 Municipal and Self Supplied Domestic ................................................................................ 28 4.4.4 Irrigated Agriculture ............................................................................................................ 33 4.4.5 Livestock .............................................................................................................................. 33 4.4.6 Mining and Power ............................................................................................................... 34 4.4.7 Commercial and Industrial .................................................................................................. 34 4.4.8 Reservoir Evaporation ......................................................................................................... 35 4.4.9 Groundwater and Surface Water Returns .......................................................................... 35 4.4.10 Gaged surface water returns .............................................................................................. 35 4.4.11 Downscaling Data to County and Water Planning Regions Levels ..................................... 36 5 Outflows .............................................................................................................................................. 37 2 5.1 Evapotranspiration ...................................................................................................................... 37 5.1.1 Methods for Estimating ET .................................................................................................. 37 5.1.2 Irrigation Season Length ..................................................................................................... 39 5.1.4 Effective Precipitation ......................................................................................................... 43 5.1.5 Irrigated Area ...................................................................................................................... 45 5.1.6 Riparian Area and Spatial Transformations of Ag Area from Remotely Sensed Data ........ 48 5.2 Water Budget ET Terms .............................................................................................................. 50 5.2.1 Land Surface Evapotranspiration ........................................................................................ 50 5.2.2 Surface Water Evaporation ................................................................................................. 51 5.2.3 Human consumption ........................................................................................................... 51 5.2.4 Human Returns ................................................................................................................... 51 5.2.5 Groundwater ET .................................................................................................................. 51 5.3 Surface Water outflows .............................................................................................................. 52 5.4 Groundwater Outflows ............................................................................................................... 52 6 River Basins ......................................................................................................................................... 53 6.1 San Juan River Basin .................................................................................................................... 53 6.1.1 Surface water inflows/outflows in the San Juan River basin .............................................. 53 6.1.2 Runoff .................................................................................................................................. 56 6.1.3 Surface Water Groundwater Interactions .......................................................................... 56 6.1.4 Groundwater ....................................................................................................................... 56 6.1.5 ET ......................................................................................................................................... 56 6.1.6 Human Storage - Navajo Reservoir ..................................................................................... 58 6.1.7 Discussion ............................................................................................................................ 59 6.2 Pecos River Basin ........................................................................................................................ 61 6.2.1 Surface Water Inflows/Outflows in the Pecos River Basin ................................................. 61 6.2.2 Runoff .................................................................................................................................. 61 6.2.3 Surface Water Groundwater Interactions .......................................................................... 61 6.2.4 Groundwater ....................................................................................................................... 66 6.2.5 ET ......................................................................................................................................... 66 6.2.6 Human Storage Pecos River Basin Reservoirs ..................................................................... 68 6.2.7 Discussion ............................................................................................................................ 72 6.3 Canadian River Basin ................................................................................................................... 74 3 6.3.1 Surface Water Inflows/Outflows in the Canadian River basin ............................................ 74 6.3.2 Runoff .................................................................................................................................. 74 6.3.3 Surface Water Groundwater Interactions .......................................................................... 74 6.3.4 GW .....................................................................................................................................