Chapter 10 Puberty and Adolescence Puberty and Adolescence Puberty or preadolescence (11 –14 years) Begins with the development of secondary sex characteristics Ends with onset of menses and production of sperm Characteristics Rapid physical growth Changes in body proportions Development of primary and secondary sex characteristics Common Frustrations in Puberty and Adolescence Wishing for independence while needing supervision Concerned about changing appearance Seeking acceptance while confused by peers Struggling to achieve while accepting more responsibility Fluctuating between adult and childlike impulses Balancing a demanding schedule while needing increased rest and sleep Puberty and Adolescence Adolescence A transitional period beginning with sexual maturity and growth and ending with emotional maturity Major characteristics Stormy emotions Feelings of insecurity Introspection Experimentation and learning Testing values and beliefs Physical Characteristics Puberty Height and weight Development of sex characteristics Primary Secondary Physical Characteristics (continued) Adolescence Height and weight Muscle and bone development Development of other body systems Vital Signs Pulse Respirations Blood pressure Developmental Milestones Motor development Sexual development Concerns Sexually transmitted diseases Teen pregnancy Rape Psychosocial Development Puberty Adolescence Erikson’s task: identity Ambivalence Psychosocial Development (continued) Emotions Dating School and work Friendships Experimentation Testing boundaries Discipline Cognitive Development Piaget: formal operational thought Formal reasoning Scientific reasoning Problem solving Abstract thinking Moral Development Early adolescence: Kohlberg’s conventional level Moral reasoning based on earlier learned principles of right and wrong Later adolescents begin to question everything and to try out their own code of ethics Some develop a sense of spiritual awareness Communication Increased language and vocabulary skills Express thoughts and beliefs Use language common to group, culture, and time Nutrition Rapid growth results in need for increased Calories Protein Minerals Vitamins Screen for high cholesterol Eating habits affected by time pressure and peers Nutrition (continued) Concerns Food fads Dieting Anorexia nervosa Bulimia Sleep and Rest Need for adequate sleep—8 hours Inadequate sleep and rest leads to Irritability Poor school performance Health problems Exercise and Leisure Exercise Helps maintain good health Encourages social interactions Strengthens and builds muscles and endurance Leisure Part-time jobs are common Safety Common accidents Motor vehicle Sporting accidents Firearm injuries and deaths Homicides Health Promotion Maintain regular medical check-ups Routine vision and hearing tests Monitor blood pressure and cholesterol Special Concerns Depression Substance abuse Chapter Challenge Define ambivalence Distinguish between primary and secondary sex characteristics Name the common health concerns for this stage of development .