Empowered lives. Resilient nations. MANAGEMENT PLAN NATIONAL PARK OF MARINE NATURAL ECOSYSTEM OF THE KARABURUNI PENINSULA AND SAZAN ISLAND November 2015 Management Plan NATIONAL PARK OF MARINE NATURAL ECOSYSTEM OF THE KARABURUNI PENINSULA AND SAZAN ISLAND 1 MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE NATIONAL PARK OF MARINE NATURAL ECOSYSTEM OF THE KARABURUNI PENINSULA AND SAZAN ISLAND NOVEMBER 2015 THE MANAGEMENT PLAN HAS BEEN PRODUCED BASED ON THE GRANT AGREEMENT BETWEEN UNDP ALBANIA AND WWF MEDITER- RANEAN PROGRAM FROM 07/04/2014. MANAGEMENT PLAN PREPARATION: ZELJKA RAJKOVIC, WWF GENTI KROMIDHA, INCA PHOTO CREDITS COVER PHOTO BY ZELJKA RAJKOVIC CITATION RAJKOVIC Z. AND KROMIDHA G. (2014) MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR NATIONAL MARINE PARK KARABURUN-SAZAN. UNDP, 100 PP. + ANNEXES. 2 Management Plan NATIONAL PARK OF MARINE NATURAL ECOSYSTEM OF THE KARABURUNI PENINSULA AND SAZAN ISLAND TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 6 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROTECTED AREA 9 LOCATION, BOUNDARY AND LEGAL STATUS 9 POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 12 INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION 12 EU LEGISLATION 12 NATIONAL LEGISLATION 13 STAKEHOLDERS 15 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF STAKEHOLDERS 15 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT MATRIX 19 DESCRIPTION OF THE PA NATURAL SYSTEM 19 INTRODUCTION 19 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 21 CLIMATE 21 GEOLOGY, TOPOGRAPHY, AND GEOMORPHOLOGY 22 HYDROLOGY, DRAINAGE AND WATER RESOURCES 22 BIODIVERSITY RESOURCES 22 EXISTING PA FACILITIES AND CURRENT VISITOR USE 28 OFFICE AND INFORMATION BOARDS 28 ACCESS AND BEACHES 28 EXCURSION BOATS 28 DIVING 29 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM 29 POPULATION AND VILLAGES 29 HOUSEHOLD STRUCTURE 29 EDUCATION 29 EMPLOYMENT 29 MIGRATION 30 RELIGION 30 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES 30 INFRASTRUCTURE 33 LAND TENURE 35 CURRENT AND FORESEEN GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE 35 CULTURAL LANDSCAPE AND HERITAGE 36 STUDIES AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH RELATED TO THE MPA 36 EVALUATION OF THE PROTECTED AREA AND ASSESSMENT OF THE INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK 38 ASSESSMENT OF VALUES AND THREATS 38 VALUES 38 THREATS 41 CONCEPTUAL MODELS 44 MANAGEMENT OF THE PROTECTED AREA 46 VISION 46 MANAGEMENT PLAN THEMES, OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES 46 THEME A: BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION 47 THEME B: CULTURAL HERITAGE AND LANDSCAPE 50 Management Plan NATIONAL PARK OF MARINE NATURAL ECOSYSTEM OF THE KARABURUNI PENINSULA AND SAZAN ISLAND 3 THEME C: SUPPORTING THE LOCAL COMMUNITIES AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES 52 THEME D: AWARENESS AND EDUCATION 59 THEME E: MANAGEMENT, ADMINISTRATION AND SUSTAINABILITY 62 MANAGEMENT ZONES OF THE NMP KARABURUN-SAZAN 65 DEVELOPMENT OF THE ZONATION PLAN 65 MANAGEMENT ZONES 66 FINANCIAL PLAN 73 FINANCIAL PLAN FOR MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES 73 HUMAN RESOURCES PLAN 80 MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF MANAGEMENT 80 MANAGEMENT PLAN MONITORING 80 MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVENESS EVALUATION 81 REFERENCES / BIBLIOGRAPHY 83 ANNEXES 84 ANNEX 1: MARINE SPECIES OF INTERNATIONAL CONCERN IN KARABURUN-SAZAN AREA THAT ARE LISTED IN THE MOST IMPORTANT CONVENTIONS 85 ANNEX 2: MARINE SPECIES OF NATIONAL CONCERN IN KARABURUN-SAZAN AREA (AFTER ALBANIAN RED LIST 2007) 87 ANNEX 3: SUMMARY OF AREAS PROTECTED FROM FISHING 88 ANNEX 4: MAP OF THE NATIONAL MARINE PARK KARABURUN-SAZANI (VALUES, THREATS, ZONES) 89 LIST OF TABLE TABLE 1: MANAGEMENT THEMES, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 8 TABLE 2: INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION RELEVANT FOR THE NMP KARABURUN-SAZAN 12 TABLE 3: LIST OF NATIONAL LEGISLATION RELEVANT FOR THE NMP KARABURUN-SAZAN 13 TABLE 4: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF STAKEHOLDERS 15 TABLE 5: MARINE HABITAT TYPES IDENTIFIED IN NMP KARABURUN-SAZAN 23 TABLE 6: INFRASTRUCTURE IN ORIKUM AREA 34 TABLE 7: STUDIES RELATED TO MPAS IN ALBANIA 37 TABLE 8: SWOT ANALYSIS FOR BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION 47 TABLE 9: SWOT ANALYSIS FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE AND LANDSCAPE 50 TABLE 10: SWOT ANALYSIS FOR SUPPORTING THE LOCAL COMMUNITIES AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES 53 TABLE 11: SWOT ANALYSIS FOR AWARENESS AND EDUCATION 59 TABLE 12: SWOT ANALYSIS FOR MANAGEMENT, ADMINISTRATION AND SUSTAINABILITY 62 TABLE 13: ZONE COVERAGE AND MARKING OF DIFFERENT ZONES IN MAPS 66 TABLE 14: ZONES AND REGULATION OF ACTIVITIES 72 TABLE 15: TOTAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES FOR MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION 73 TABLE 16: COST OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES PER THEME 74 TABLE 17: COST OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES PER PRIORITIES 74 TABLE 18: COST OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES PER MANAGEMENT APPROACHES 74 TABLE 19: FINANCIAL RESOURCES FOR MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES (10 YEARS) 74 TABLE 20: HUMAN RESOURCES PLAN 80 TABLE 21: MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION MONITORING ACTIVITIES 81 4 Management Plan NATIONAL PARK OF MARINE NATURAL ECOSYSTEM OF THE KARABURUNI PENINSULA AND SAZAN ISLAND LIST O12F FIGURES FIGURE 1: MAP OF PROTECTED AREAS 9 FIGURE 2: MAP OF THE KARABURUN-SAZAN MPA 11 FIGURE 3: STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT MATRIX 19 FIGURE 4: HABITAT MAP OF THE NMP KARABURUN-SAZANI 26 FIGURE 5: PROPOSED MANAGEMENT ADMINISTRATION FOR NMP KARABURUN-SAZAN 36 FIGURE 6: RANKING OF VALUES 40 FIGURE 7: RANKING OF THREATS 43 FIGURE 8: CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION 44 FIGURE 9: CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL HERITAGE 45 FIGURE 10: CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR LOCAL FISHERIES 45 FIGURE 11: CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR TOURISM 45 FIGURE 12: ZONING MAP OF NATIONAL MARINE PARK KARABURUN-SAZAN 71 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ACCOBAMS AGREEMENT ON THE CONSERVATION OF CETACEAN OF THE BLACK SEA, MEDITERRANEAN SEA AND CONTIGUOUS ATLANTIC AREA AKT AGENCY OF TOURISM CBD CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY CITES CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA OSHC CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANISATION VNM ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT GEF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY IBA IMPORTANT BIRD AND BIODIVERSITY AREA INCA INSTITUTE FOR NATURE CONSERVATION IN ALBANIA IUCN INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE METT MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVENESS TRACKING TOOL ZMDB MARINE AND COASTAL PROTECTED AREA MM MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT ZMD MARINE PROTECTED AREA SKBPV NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN KKRRT NATIONAL COUNCIL OF TERRITORIAL ADJUSTMENT AKM NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGENCY PKD NATIONAL MARINE PARK OMP FISHERIES MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION ZM PROTECTED AREA QRVZVM REGIONAL ACTIVITY CENTRE FOR SPECIALLY PROTECTED AREAS ZRV SPECIAL AREAS OF CONSERVATION ZVM SPECIAL PROTECTED AREAS AND SPECIAL PROTECTION AREAS PSZMDB STRATEGIC PLAN FOR MARINE AND COASTAL PROTECTED AREAS UNDP UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME WWF MedPO WWF MEDITERRANEAN PROGRAM Management Plan NATIONAL PARK OF MARINE NATURAL ECOSYSTEM OF THE KARABURUNI PENINSULA AND SAZAN ISLAND 5 INTRODUCTION Management Plan for Karaburun-Sazan Marine and Coastal Protected Area (MCPA) has been developed within the framework of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) project “Improving Coverage and Management Effectiveness of Marine and Coast- al Protected Areas” (herein after referred to as: MCPA Project). The MCPA Project has been supporting the operational and functioning phase of the first MCPA in Albania. It started in January 2011 and will last until April 2016. Financing of the MCPA Project is secured by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and co-financing by the Ministry of Environment (MoE) and the UNDP. Development of the Management Plan for Karaburun-Sazan is only one of the activities of the MCPA Project and the Management Plan has been prepared throughout 2014. The Management Plan has been developed through participatory approach, including four stakeholder workshops, meetings, questionnaires, etc. This was the first time that the Man- agement Plan has been prepared in a way that stakeholders were consulted during the process of Management Plan development and not at the end of the process. The approach raised interest among stakeholders who actively participated and contributed to the process. It will be up to the management administration to try to maintain the ownership and the trust that has been created during the Management Plan development. A Grant Agreement between UNDP Albania and WWF Mediterranean Program (WWF MedPO) was signed 07/04/2014. The Grant Agreement was signed in the form of the Memorandum of Understanding and lasts from 1 January to 31 December 2014. The Man- agement Plan has been developed jointly by the WWF MedPO and the Institute for Nature Conservation in Albania (INCA). Zeljka Rajkovic from WWF MedPO and Genti Kromidha from INCA were leading the process of the Management Plan development and both of them have experience in management planning. Structure of the Management Plan follows the “Standard Structure of Protected Areas Man- agement Plans in Albania” which was approved by the Ministry on Environment, Forest and Water Administration on 21 February 2013 (Order No. 148). First part of the Management Plan deals with description of the National Marine Park (NMP), where all relevant data on location, legal status, policies and legislation are listed. This part also contains an analysis of stakeholders and description of PA natural system, of existing PA facilities and current visitor use, of socio-economic system, current and foreseen gover- nance structure, cultural landscape and heritage, as well as studies and scientific research related to the marine protected area (MPA). After the description, an evaluation of the protected area and assessment of institutional framework give insight into the values, threats and current institutional framework. Part dealing with management of protected area states the vision of the MPA and then goes into Management Plan themes and then management zones of the NMP. As stated, the Plan is 6 Management Plan NATIONAL PARK OF MARINE NATURAL ECOSYSTEM OF THE KARABURUNI PENINSULA