SYLLABUS FOR M.Sc., BIOCHEMISTRY (non core) from 2013-2014 ACADEMIC YEAR BIOPHYSICAL METHODS UNIT I Spectroscopic techniques: Principles of Spectroscopy; Beer-Lambert’s Law. Instrumentation and biological applications-colorimetry, Spectrophotometry, Fluorimetry, Flame photometry, Atomic absorption Sectroscopy (AAS) UNIT II Chromatography:Affinity chromatography: Methodology and applications. Ion exchange chromatography: Methodology, Automatic amino acid analyzer and its applications. Gel permeation chromatography Methodology, Applications – molecular weight determination, desalting. UNIT III Electrophoresis: Ion movement in electric field, electrophoretic process, Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, SDS PAGE; Isoelectric focussing, Two dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis, High voltage electrophoresis. Unit IV Isolation of DNA, RNA and proteins from biological samples, Inroduction to basic molecular biological techniques, General methodology and applications of Southern , western, and northern blots. Books Recommended: 1. Principles & Techniques of Practical Biochemistry – Wilson and Walker. 2. Biophysical chemistry – Upodhya and Nath (Himalaya publications) SYLLABUS FOR M.Sc., BIOCHEMISTRY (non core) from 2013-2014 ACADEMIC YEAR GENERAL BIOCHEMISTRY UNIT I Biomembranes: Chemical composition of membranes – organization of lipids, Carbohydrates and proteins. Membrane Transport: Diffusion across cellular Membranes, Active, passive and mediated transport mechanisms. passive transport anion exchange proteins, active transport. Active transport of Na+ K+ (Na+-K+. ATPase) Ca2+ (Ca2+ ATPase), Na+ dependent symport system ( Sugars coupled to phosphorylation, Gap junctions. Receptor mediated endocytosis. Cell growth and Cell division: Mitosis and Meiosis. Cells cycle parameters, specific events in the cell cycle, control of cell cycle UNIT II Biological aspects of immunity: Innate and adaptive immunity, cell mediate and humoral immunity. Primary and secondary lymphoid organs.. Classification of immunoglobulins, types and biological activities of immunoglobulins. Types of vaccines-Whole organism (Attenuated and inactivated) . Hypersensitivity: Class fixation, hypersensitivity types, anaphylactic, antibody-dependent cytotoxic, immune complex mediated, cell mediated and stimulatory hypersensitive reactions. UNIT III Hormones: General characters, Classification hormones. Hormone Action- Signal transduction, Receptors-Types, Structure (Insulin, Thyroid, steroid and Adrenergic receptors) Concept of second messengers (cAMP, IP3 calcium, and NO). Clinical Enzymology: Plasma enzyme in diagnosis and prognosis-aminotransferases, creatine kinase, LDH, amylase, phosphatases, choline esterase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, gamaglutamyl transferase. Isozymes of LDH and alkaline phosphatase. UNIT IV Photosynthesis: Photosynthetic apparatus, pigments of photosynthesis, role of carotenoids, photosystems I and II, their location; Hill reaction, photosynthetic electron transport and generation of NADPH & ATP, cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylations, Photorespiration. Nitrogen Metabolism: Nitrogen fixation, nitrogenase complex, electron transport chain and mechanism of action of nitrogenase. Structure of ‘NIF’ genes and its regulation. Nitrate assimilation, Books Recommended: 1. Introduction to plant Biochemistry (Goodwin) 2. Immunology – Kubey. 3. Clinical Biochemistry-S.Ramakirshna and Rajiswami 4. Cell biology Karp et al. 5. Endocrinology (4th edition) M.E.Hadley (Prentie Hall) .