Effective Labour Protection for All Lessons learned from a synthesis review, 2004–2014 EVALUATION OFFICE Effective Labour Protection for All: Lessons learned from a synthesis review, 2004–2014 International Labour Office April 2015 Evaluation Office Copyright © International Labour Organization 2015 First published 2015 Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to ILO Publications (Rights and Licensing), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: [email protected]. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications. 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Social protection / ILO standards / decent work / supervisory machinery / evaluation / role of ILO / methodology / data collecting 01.03.7 ILO Cataloguing in Publication Data The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office of the opinions expressed in them. Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsement by the International Labour Office, and any failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a sign of disapproval. ILO publications and digital products can be obtained through major booksellers and digital distribution platforms, or ordered directly from [email protected]. For more information, visit our website: www.ilo.org/publns or contact [email protected]. Printed in Switzerland CONTENTS Page PREFACE ...................................................................................................................................... V EXECUTIVE SUMMARY……. ................................................................................................... ………V ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................ XVI 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................1 1.1 INTRODUCTION AND STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT ....................................................................... 1 1.2 CONTEXT FOR THE REVIEW ............................................................................................................ 1 1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE REVIEW ........................................................................................ 2 1.4 METHODOLOGY OF THE REVIEW ................................................................................................... 3 1.4.1 Research questions.................................................................................................................... 4 1.4.2 Search strategy and protocol .................................................................................................... 4 1.4.3 Coding and appraisal ................................................................................................................ 5 1.4.4 Synthesis .................................................................................................................................... 6 2 OVERVIEW OF ILO LABOUR PROTECTION INTERVENTIONS .........................................................7 2.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 7 2.2 KEY CONVENTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THE AREA OF LABOUR PROTECTION ............. 8 2.2.1 Wages ....................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 Working time ............................................................................................................................. 8 2.2.3 Occupational safety and health ................................................................................................ 9 2.2.4 Maternity protection ................................................................................................................. 9 2.3 WHAT TYPES OF INTERVENTIONS DO WE OBSERVE? ..................................................................10 2.3.1 Support to intermediate stakeholders ....................................................................................16 2.3.2 Support at local level ...............................................................................................................22 3 WHAT WORKS, FOR WHOM AND WHY .................................................................................... 29 3.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................29 3.2 WHAT WORKS? ............................................................................................................................29 3.2.1 Outcomes and impact .............................................................................................................29 3.2.2 Synergies .................................................................................................................................35 3.2.3 Sustainability of interventions ................................................................................................36 3.2.4 Gender equality .......................................................................................................................38 3.3 FOR WHOM? ...................................................................................................................... 39 3.4 WHY? ................................................................................................................................ 41 3.5 WHAT WORKS AND WHY: A SUMMARY ............................................................................... 47 4 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................ 49 4.1 CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................................... 49 4.2 RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................................................................... 50 ANNEX I DETAILED METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................. 53 ANNEX II RESEARCH TOOLS .......................................................................................................... 57 ANNEX III DOCUMENTS ANALYSED FOR REVIEW .......................................................................... 59 iii LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES TABLE 1. FINAL SELECTION OF REA QUESTIONS GUIDING THE REVIEW ............................................4 TABLE 2. SUCCESS FACTORS AND CHALLENGES TO PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION ............................ 48 TABLE 3. FINAL SELECTION OF REA QUESTIONS GUIDING THE REVIEW .......................................... 54 TABLE 4. REPORTS CODED AS RELEVANT FOR THE IN-DEPTH REVIEW (89) .................................... 60 TABLE 5. REPORTS CODED AS NOT RELEVANT FOR THE IN-DEPTH REVIEW (119)………………………….72 TABLE 6. GENERAL BACKGROUND DOCUMENTS INCLUDED IN THE REVIEW (15) ........................... 83 FIGURE 1. OVERVIEW OF THE INTERVENTIONS INCLUDED IN THE REVIEW ..................................... 11 FIGURE 2. TYPES OF DOCUMENTS INCLUDED IN THE REVIEW.........................................................59 FIGURE 3. THEMES AND REGIONS COVERED IN THE DOCUMENTS INCLUDED IN THE REVIEW…….…59 iv PREFACE This report was prepared in advance of the 2015 Recurrent Discussion of the International Labour Conference (ILC) on Labour Protection. ILO’s Evaluation Office (EVAL) commissioned this report at constituents’ request, with the aim of contributing to this discussion by presenting the results and lessons learned from selected evaluations and relevant ILO publications in the labour protection domain focusing particularly on wages, working time, occupational safety and health, and maternity protection. Executive summaries of the report are available in French and Spanish as well. The main report was prepared by Maurizio Curtarelli, Vicki Donlevy and Anja Meierkord with the support of Facundo Sabino Herrera and Victoria Pelka of the Policy and Research Division at Ecorys UK. I would like to express my appreciation to the following units and individuals inside the ILO who provided valuable